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littp://www.arcliive.org/details/foodtestsOOwilericli 


"1001"  Tests  of  Foods, 
Beverages  and  Toilet  Accessories 


>«RRIS     B     EWINO 


Dr.  Wiley   at  Work 

Tried  in  the  balance  and  found ? 


REVISED  EDITION 


1001   Tests 

of  Foods,  Beverages  and  Toilet 
Accessories,  Good  and  Otherwise 


Why  They  Are  So 


By 
Harvey  W.  Wiley,  M.D. 

Director,  Bureau  of  Foods,  Sanitation  and  Health, 
Good  Housekeeping  Magazine 

Arransred  by 

Anne  Lewis  Pierce,  M.S. 

Formerly  Editor,  Bureau  of  Chemistry, 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture 


Hearst's  International  Library  Co. 
New  York    :    :     1916 


^ 


^ 


\ 


^'\tv^ 


Copyright.  1912,  1913,  by 
Good  Housekeeping  Magazine 

Copyright,  1914,  1916,  by 
Hearst's  International  Library  Co.,  Inc. 


All  rights  reserved,  including  the  trans- 
lation into  foreign  languages,  including 
the   Scandinavian. 


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

The  chemical  and  microscopical  work  lying 
back  of  the  first  edition  of  this  report  was  done 
under  Doctor  Wiley's  direction,  in  the  Institute 
of  Industrial  Research,  19th  and  B  Streets, 
North  West,  Washington,  D.  C,  of  which  Dr. 
A.  S.  Cushman  is  Director.  The  detail  of  the 
work  was  supervised  by  Mr.  H.  C.  Fuller,  whose 
assistance  in  reviewing  the  data  is  also  acknowl- 
edged. 

The  additional  reports,  listed  in  the  Appendix, 
represent  for  the  most  part  products  examined 
in  the  Lederle  Laboratories,  New  York  City,  in 
accordance  with  Doctor  Wiley's  instructions,  the 
data  so  obtained  being  submitted  for  his  inter- 
pretation and  the  rating  of  the  products.  Dr. 
J.  A.  Deghuee  of  the  Lederle  Laboratories  has 
supervised  the  chemical  examinations. 


346521 


Contents 

PAGE 

The   Pure   Food   Battle — Looking   Backward   and 

Forward,  By  H.  W.  Wiley  .......  ix 

Key  to  Method  of  Rating  Products     ....     xxviii 

Classified  Lists  of  Tested  Foods,  Beverages  and  Cos- 
metics, with  Comments — 

I    Baking  Powders,  Yeasts,  Etc.    .     .     .     ..  1 

II    Beverages .     ;.     .     .  5 

Chocolates  and  Cocoas 5 

Coffee  and  Tea 10 

Soft  Drinks,  Tonics  and  Medicated  Bev- 
erages    19 

III  Biscuits,  Cakes,  Etc 27 

IV  Candies 33 

V    Canned  Goods:     (See  also  Fish  and  Meats)  41 

Fruits  (See  also  Dried  Fruits)     ...  45 

Milk  Products,  Infant's  Foods,  Etc.  .     .  48 

Soups,  Extracts,  Bouillon  Cubes,  Etc.    .  61 

Vegetables 66 

VI    Cereals  and  Cereal  Products      ....  72 

Breakfast  Foods 72 

Flours,  Meals  and  Brans 79 

Rice 88 

Spaghetti  and  Macaroni 91 

VII     Condiments 95 

VIII    Desserts 107 

IX    Extracts 113 

X    Fish  (Canned,  Dried,  Etc.)       ....  122 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

XI  Fruits  (Dried) <.     .     .  126 

XII  Household  Remedies  and  Disinfectants      .  130 

XIII  Lard,  Butters,  and  their  Substitutes    .     .  145 

XIV  Meats  (Canned,  Dried,  Etc.)      ....  149 
XV  Olive  Oils,  Etc 153 

XVI    Preserves,  Pickles,  Etc 157 

XVII    Sugars  and  Saccharine  Products    .     .     .  163 
XVIII    Toilet  Articles 

Cold  Creams .  173 

Hair  Tonics,  Shampoos,  Etc.  .     .     .     .  186 
Miscellaneous  Preparations     ....  193 

Perfumes 198 

Powders 202 

Soaps 209 

Tooth  Powders,  Pastes,  Etc 216 

APPENDIX 

I    Baking  Powders,  Yeasts,  Etc 225 

II    Beverages 

Chocolates 226 

Coffee  and  Tea 228 

Soft  Drinks,  Tonics  and  Medicated  Bev- 
erages         '     .     .     .  231 

III  Biscuits,  Cakes,  Etc 233 

IV  Candies 235 

V    Canned  Goods 

Fruits 239 

Milk  Products,  Infants'  Foods,  Etc.     .  240 

Soups,  Extracts,  Bouillon  Cubes,  Etc.    .  242 

Vegetables 243 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

VI    Cereals  and  Cereal  Products 

Breakfast  Foods 246 

Flours,  Meals  and  Brans 249 

Spaghetti  and  Macaroni        ....  253 

VII    Condiments. 254 

VIII    Desserts 257 

IX    Extracts 262 

X    Fish  (Canned,  Dried,  Etc.)       ....  264 

XII    Household  Remedies  and  Disinfectants      .  267 

XIII  Lard,  Cheeses,  Butter,  and  Their  Substi- 

tutes       274 

XIV  Meats  (Canned,  Dried,  Etc.)      ....  277 
XV    Olive  Oils,  Etc 280 

XVI    Preserves,  Pickles,  Etc 281 

XVII    Sugars  and  Saccharine  Products     .     .      .  284 
XVIII    Toilet  Articles 

Cold  Creams 286 

Hair  Tonics,  Shampoos,  Etc.        .      .     .  291 

Miscellaneous  Preparations    ....  294 

Perfumes 297 

Powders        299 

Soaps       .• 304 

Tooth  Powders,  Pastes,  Etc 307 

Index 311 


THE  PUEE  FOOD  BATTLE 
LOOKING  BACKWARD  AND  FORWARD 

FOE  a  third  of  a  century  the  fight  for  pure 
food  has  been  waged  and  the  end  is  not  yet. 
No  great  question  is  ever  settled  until  it  is  settled 
right.  The  game  is  not  over  until  one  or  the 
other  of  the  contestants  is  checkmated.  Draws 
do  not  count.  During  this  third  of  a  century  it 
has  been  my  fortune  to  be  in  the  thick  of  the  fight, 
at  first  as  a  private,  then  through  the  various 
grades  of  leadership  to  colonel  or  even  general  of 
the  brigade,  and  now  again  in  the  ranks.  This 
battle  has  not,  however,  been  a  fight  of  a  personal 
character  as  some  late  historians  assert.  It  was 
and  is  a  struggle  for  human  rights,  as  much  as  the 
Eevolution  or  the  Civil  War.  A  battle  for  the 
privilege  of  going  free  of  robbery  and  with  a 
guaranty  of  health.  It  has  been  and  is  a  fight 
for  the  individual  right  against  the  vested  interest, 
of  the  man  against  the  dollar.  My  first  partici- 
pation in  the  fray  was  a  study  of  adulteration  of 
table  syrups  for  the  Indiana  Board  of  Health  in 
1880  and  my  last  (but  I  hope  not  final)  is  this 

ix 


X  THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE 

book  on  tested  foods,  beverages,  and  cosmetics. 
During  those  thirty-four  years  I  do  not  believe 
that  any  one  caring  to  know  has  ever  had  to  ask 
which  side  I  am  on.  From  the  very  first  look 
into  the  awful  conditions  which  so  generally  pre- 
vailed, up  to  the  present  time,  with  a  survey  of 
the  intolerable  evils  that  still  exist,  though  happily 
to  a  less  extent,  I  have  stood  always  for  food 
that  is  food. 

The  evils  of  adulteration  are  not  many  in  kind 
but  they  ramify  into  hundreds  of  channels.  At 
first  there  was  no  ethical  standard  of  excellence 
among  manufacturers  of  food.  If  one  man  put 
out  a  high  grade  product  another  could  call  a  low 
grade  or  adulterated  article  by  the  same  name. 
A  representative  of  a  great  food  distributing  con- 
cern who  appeared  before  the  Committee  on  In- 
terstate and  Foreign  Commerce  to  protest  against 
the  passage  of  the  pending  food  bill,  declared  that 
the  food  industry  of  the  country  rested  on  fraud 
and  deception.  * '  Make  us  leave  preservatives  and 
coloring  matters  out  of  our  food,"  he  declared, 
**and  call  our  products  by  the  right  name  and  you 
will  bankrupt  every  food  industry  in  the  country." 
And  he  was  sincere  about  it  too.  Dr.  Victor  C. 
Vaughan  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  now  Presi- 
dent of  the  American  Medical  Association,  came 


I 


THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE  xi 

to  Washington  and  testified  to  tlie  hamiless- 
ness  of  benzoate  of  soda  in  food  and  lie  was  by 
no  means  the  only,  although  the  most  renowned, 
professor  who,  in  the  interest  of  like  ingredients, 
journeyed  to  Washington  for  the  same  purpose. 
Makers  of  so-called  patent  medicines  sent  a  pow- 
erful lobby  to  Washington  to  see  to  it  that  the 
food  and  drug  bill  should  never  become  a  law.  It 
was  commonly  asserted  that  patent  medicine  in- 
terests influenced  the  public  press  to  such  an  ex- 
tent that  the  bill  would  never  pass  as  long 
as  it  contained  the  sections  relating  to  drug 
products.  The  powerful  rectifiers  of  liquors  in 
this  country  were  a  unit  in  opposing  every  step 
in  the  passage  of  a  law  that  would  interfere  with 
making  alleged  old,  mellow,  intoxicating  bever- 
ages bearing  the  name  of  the  genuine  product, 
out  of  alcohol  and  artificial  flavors  and  colors. 
Grocers  and  druggists  sent  delegations  to  protest 
against  the  enactment  of  any  measure  that  would 
prevent  the  sale  of  adulterated  and  debased  ar- 
ticles or  require  full  weight  and  measure.  Every 
man  who  used  alum,  coal  tar  dyes,  salicylic  acid, 
burning  sulphur  fumes,  benzoic  acid,  copper  sul- 
phate, saltpeter,  saccharin,  borax,  or  other  non- 
food ingredients  in  his  products  joined  the  solid 
phalanx  that  struggled  to  prevent  the  passage  of 


xii  THE   PURE    FOOD    BATTLE 

a  law  which  would  interfere  with  these  despic- 
able means  of  making  money.  Manufacturers 
and  dealers  who  would  gladly  have  continued  to 
make  pure  and  properly  branded  goods  were 
forced  by  unfair  competition  to  practice  the  arts 
of  adulteration  and  misbranding. 

As  the  public  was  led  into  the  knowledge  of 
these  abuses  and  the  pressure  began  to  be  felt 
looking  to  their  correction,  the  enemies  of  pure 
food  began  to  cry  '* muckraking,"  ** exaggeration," 
** publicity  bureaus,"  ** yellow  journalism,"  etc., 
seeking  to  raise  a  cloud  of  dust  which  would  hide 
the  real  issue.  A  campaign  of  personal  denun- 
ciation and  disparagement  was  inaugurated  of  a 
magnitude  that  can  only  be  appreciated  by  those 
whose  activities  and  principles  were  directed  to- 
ward the  cleaning  of  the  Augean  stables  of  trade. 
By  the  accident  of  my  official  position,  I  had  the 
good  fortune  to  be  the  target  of  a  veritable  fusil- 
lade of  poisoned  arrows  from  every  trade  journal, 
newspaper  and  magazine  which  the  adulterating 
interests  could  control.  There  was  hardly  a  week 
that  some  interested  organization  or  mercenary 
interest  did  not  demand  my  removal  from  the  pub- 
lic service.  Detectives  were  placed  on  my  track 
and  every  possible  means  employed  to  prejudice 
my  scientific  standing  and  official  integrity. 


THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE         [xui 

Fortunately  the  more  bitter  and  venomons  tlie 
attacks  the  more  rapidly  the  cause  grew  and 
waxed  strong.  The  Federated  Women's  Clubs, 
the  Patrons  of  Husbandry,  the  labor  organizations 
and  the  medical  profession  all  joined  enthusias- 
tically the  army  fighting  for  pure  food.  Finally 
the  first  part  of  the  long  battle  came  to  a  close. 
The  pure  food  army  gained  a  complete  victory. 
^'On  the  30th  day  of  June,  1906,  the  President  of  the 
United  States  signed  the  Act  which  forbade  in- 
terstate and  foreign  commerce  in  adulterated  or 
misbranded  foods  and  drugs.  Although  the  first 
battle  was  won  the  war  was  not  over.  The  de- 
feated squadrons  of  the  unethical  and  mercenary 
interests  were  driven  from  the  field  but  they  were 
not  destroyed.  What  was  their  next  move?  To 
pervert  the  purposes  of  the  Act  and  to  control  its 
execution.  Under  the  provisions  of  the  law  the 
Bureau  of  Chemistry  of  which  I  was  Chief,  was 
charged  with  the  analysis  of  all  samples  ;f or  the 
purpose  of  determining  whether  they  were  adul- 
terated or  misbranded.  The  Bureau  of  Chemistry 
was  pledged  to  one  very  simple  but  most  impor- 
tant principle,  namely:  **When  in  doubt  protect 
the  consumer."  The  interests  pledged  to  adul- 
teration and  misbranding  were  not  slow  to  learn 
that  they  had  nothing  to  hope  from  a  Government 


(Yiv}         THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE 

Bureau  animated  by  such  an  unheard  of  rule. 
They  immediately  set  about  devising  ways  and 
/means  to  put  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  out  of  busi- 
/ness.  They  secured  the  appointment  of  another 
body,  the  Board  of  Food  and  Drug  Inspection, 
charged,  in  direct  contempt  of  the  law,  to  decide 
the  question  of  what  was  or  was  not  an  adul- 
teration or  misbranding.  The  decisions  of  this  il- 
legal board  were  by  executive  order  made  binding 
on  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry. 

The  appointment  of  this  Board  was  hailed  with 
shouts  of  approval  by  every  interest  and  every 
individual  who  had  opposed  the  enactment  of  the 
law.  They  were  not  mistaken.  In  the  most  di- 
rect and  contemptuous  manner  this  Board  pro- 
ceeded to  do  the  kind  of  work  which  it  was  ap- 
pointed to  accomplish.  But  there  were  certain 
difficulties  in  the  way.  The  Bureau  of  Chemistry 
anticipating  the  probability  of  the  passage  of  a 
food  law  had  carried  on  extensive  experiments  on 
young  men  for  a  period  of  several  years  and  had 
demonstrated  that  certain  bodies  used  to  preserve 
and  color  foods  were  injurious  to  health.  These 
experiments  had  shown  that  boric  acid  and  borax, 
salicylic  acid  and  salicylates,  sulphurous  acid  and 
sulphites,  benzoic  acid  and  benzoates  and  sulphate 
of  copper  were  bodies  seriously  affecting  health 


THE    PURE    FOOD    BAT' 


and  therefore  forbidden  under  tlie  law 
in  food.  These  conclusions  so  inimicj 
terests  of  those  who  added  them  to  fol 
beneficial  to  the  eaters  of  foods  must  be  set  aside. 
How  was  this  to  be  done  ?  There  was  no  legal  way 
to  accomplish  it.  The  courts  could  not  be  de- 
pended upon,  in  fact  they  were  so  unmindful  of 
the  vested  interests  that  they  were  in  most  cases 
actually  supporting  the  findings  of  the  Bureau  of 
Chemistry.  Therefore,  resort  was  again  had  to 
executive  action.  Without  due  regard  to  the  pro- 
visions of  the  law  questions  relating  to  the  ef- 
fect of  certain  of  these  preservatives  on  health 
were  referred  to  a  Commission  of  Scientific  Ex- 
perts, established  by  executive  order.  Pending 
the  action  qf^  this  Commission  the  adulterators 
were  permitted  to  poison  the  people  of  the  country 
ad  libitum  and  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  was  di- 
rected to  bring  no  action  against  those  who  usejd, 
these  poisonous  products. 

What  followed!  A  hallelujah  chorus  from  all 
the  cohorts  of  adulteration.  It  was  a  comply 
triumph  for  the  hosts  of  Satan  in  so  far as  offi- 
cialdom was  concerned.  But  not  so  with  an  out- 
raged Public  Opinion.  The  press  and  the  people 
and  also  many  food  manufacturers  rallied  in  over- 
whelming numbers  to  the  support  of  the  Bureau 


^^^.  THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE 

i_, ,  -^^^^---— ^■^--^—--—-—-•^— -——----------— ^——^— --—-—— ———^-— ——^——— ——^——— " 

of  Chemistry,  hindered  and  halted.  Earely  if 
ever  has  there  been  seen  in  any  country  such  an 
overwhelming  condemnation  of  official  acts. 
Practically,  however,  the  Janus  doors  of  adul- 
teration were  wide  open  to  such  manufacturers  as 
chose  to  use  them.  To  the  credit  of  the  American 
business  man  it  can  be  said  that  comparatively 
few  availed  themselves  of  this  official  indulgence 
to  poison  and  defraud. 

How  deadly  these  concessions  to  adulteration 
have  proved  to  the  states  that  have  attempted  a 
better  execution  of  the  law  than  that  instituted 
by  the  National  Government,  is  vividly  shown  by 
an  article  in  the  Monthly  Bulletin  of  the  Indiana 
State  Board  of  Health  for  December,  1913.  Tho 
title  of  the  article  is  **Benzoate  of  Soda  and  Sul- 
phites," and  the  quotation  is  as  follows: 

**  After  hearing  little  from  these  old  friends  for  more 
than  a  year,  we  are  forced  to  admit  that  the  lessons  of 
the  past  have  not  been  sufficiently  thorough  to  protect 
our  markets,  for  recent  samples  of  cider  have  shown  the 
presence  of  benzoate  of  soda,  and  several  samples  of 
grape  juice  have  been  found  to  be  bleached  and  pre- 
served with  sulphurous  acid.  Occasional  samples  of  so- 
called  Maraschino  cherries,  tomato  catsup  and  sweet 
pickles  collected  from  towns  supplied  from  Cincinnati 
and  Chicago  have  also  shown  these  preservatives. 


THE   PURE    FOOD    BATTLE         xvii 

'*Two  things  are  evident.  "We  can  never  relax  our 
vigilance  in  the  protection  of  the  food  supply  in  the  be- 
lief that  we  have  reached  a  pure  food  millenium,  and 
further,  it  is  unwise  to  rely  too  firmly  in  the  belief 
that  manufacturers  shipping  goods  into  the  State  are 
careful  to  advise  themselves  as  to  our  laws  before  they 
take  their  orders  or  make  shipments.*' 

In  about  a  year  the  Eemsen  Board  brought  in 
its  first  verdict  over-ruling  the  Bureau  of  Chem- 
istry on  the  benzoate  matter,  and  by  official  pro- 
mulgation the  food  manufacturers  of  this  country 
were  promised  complete  immunity  in  the  use  of 
benzoic  acid  and  benzoate  in  any  food  and  in  any 
quantity  they  might  choose.  There  is  a  wide- 
spread impression  that  the  quantity  permitted  is 
limited  to  one-tenth  of  one  per  cent.  This  is  not 
so.  A  food  manufacturer  may  put  a  shovelful  of 
benzoate  into  any  quantity  of  food  he  pleases  and 
he  is  promised  perfect  immunity  in  so  doing.  No 
more  outrageous  and  intolerable  disregard  of  pub- 
lic rights  and  morals  was  ever  perpetrated  by  the 
most  vicious  despotism  described  in  the  world's 
history.  After  a  few  years  more  the  Eemsen 
Board  rendered  another  decision  supporting  the 
action  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  in  declaring 
saccharin  an  unfit  ingredient  of  human  food,  but 
meanwhile  during  all  these  years  the  public  was 


xviii        THE   PURE    FOOD    BATTLE 

exposed  to  its  free  and  unlimited  use.  Again  a 
short  time  ago  the  Eemsen  Board  rendered  a  ver- 
dict supporting  the  contention  originally  made  by 
the  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  that  sulphate  of  copper 
is  a  poisonous  body,  and  as  such  should  not  be 
added  to  food.  Thus  again  the  people  of  this 
country  were  exposed  to  the  dangers  of  eating 
copper  salts  for  five  years,  simply  because  adul- 
terators demanded  a  review,  hoping  for  a  reversal 
of  the  decision  of  the  Bureau. 

The  other  questions  referred  to  the  Eemsen 
Board,  namely,  the  effect  of  sulphurous  acids  and 
sulphites  and  of  alum  on  health,  up  to  March  of 
1914,  remain  unanswered  by  the  Eemsen  Board, 
or  if  answered  the  verdict  is  sealed  in  impene- 
trable gloom  in  the  Department  of  Agriculture. 
Now  for  nearly  seven  years  our  people  have  been 
exposed  to  serious  injury  by  the  presence  of  these 
poisons  in  foods,  under  the  high,  though  illegal, 
interpretation  of  a  law  enacted  to  protect  the 
American  people  but  turned  by  executive  procla- 
mation to  the  protection  of  adulterators ! 

This  country  has  for  so  many  years  existed  in 
an  atmosphere  of  the  sacred  rights  of  the  dollar 
that  these  concessions  to  Mammon  have  been 
looked  upon  as  the  chief  function  of  law  and  its 
interpretation.    This  sentiment  has  been  still  more 


THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE  xix 

definitely  crystallized  by  the  decisions  of  the  Su- 
preme Court,  which  on  the  two  occasions  in  which 
the  purpose  of  the  law  to  protect  the  consumer 
has  been  under  advisement  has  ruled  adversely  to 
his  interests.  The  first  of  these  decisions  was  in 
the  famous  Johnson  Cancer  Case,  in  which  the 
Court  ruled  that  the  law  against  false  statements 
did  not  apply  to  the  cure-all  claims  of  the  fake 
remedy;  and  the  second  case,  viz.,  that  of  the 
United  States  vs.  Bleached  Flour,  that  poisons 
may  be  added  to  food  unless  the  proof  of  possible 
injury  to  health  is  convincing. 

During  these  long  and  unsavory  years  I  tried 
to  the  best  of  my  ability  to  discharge  faithfully  the 
difficult  duties  committed  to  me,  in  harmony  with 
the  obligations  of  my  solemn  oath  of  office  and  in 
the  interest  of  the  American  people.  In  spite  of 
official  disfavor  which  made  my  environment  par- 
ticularly hard  and  in  spite  of  the  bitter  denuncia- 
tion of  a  few  journals  (a  mere  fraction  of  the  en- 
tire press  of  the  country)  inspired  by  a  question- 
able zeal,  I  held  on,  hoping  that  some  change  might 
come  and  that  the  spirit  of  service  to  the  people 
might  again  enter  into  the  heart  of  our  high  rulers. 
And  what  then?  Colleagues  preferred  serious 
charges  against  me  without  the  shadow  of  a  foun- 
dation, my  superior  officers  lent  a  ready  ear,  I 


XX  THE   PURE    FOOD    BATTLE 

was  tried  in  a  Star  Chamber  without  my  knowl- 
edge and  on  ex  parte  eviden<?e,  convicted  and  sen- 
tenced to  be  dismissed  from  the  position  that  I 
had  held  for  nearly  thirty  years.  This  outrageous 
proceeding  attracted  the  attention  of  Congress. 
A  searching  investigation  of  the  charges  against 
me  was  made  and  I  was  unanimously  exonerated. 
Nevertheless,  the  men  who  had  falsely  and  mali- 
ciously accused  me  and  manufactured  the  evidence 
on  which  I  was  convicted  were  continued  in  office 
and  in  favor.  As  a  protest  against  this  condition 
of  affairs  I  resigned  as  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of 
Chemistry  on  March  15, 1912. 

Within  two  weeks  of  that  time  on  April  1, 1912, 
I  began  my  work  for  Good  Housekeeping  with  a 
guarantee  of  academic  freedom  of  expression  and 
W  advisory  supervision  of  the  advertisements  of 
foods,  remedies  and  cosmetics  admitted  to  its  col- 
umns. No  one  who  has  not  experienced  what  I 
went  through  can  conceive  of  the  feeling  of  relief 
which  I  then  enjoyed.  Coming  out  of  a  field  in 
which  all  the  foremen  had  been  my  enemies  I 
entered  a  garden  of  activity  in  which  all  the  head 
men  were  my  friends.  In  this  favorable  environ- 
ment I  have  had  unrestricted  opportunity  to  carry 
on  my  battle  for  pure  food,  finding  no  enemy  to 
stab  me  in  the  back.    In  connection  with  this  work 


THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE  xxi 

I  have  had  the  good  fortune  with  the  laboratory 
facilities  given  me  by  Good  Housekeeping  to  ex- 
amine chemically  more  than  a  thousand  samples 
of  common  foods,  beverages,  cosmetics  and  con- 
fections. I  have  also  been  permitted  to  criticise 
the  labels  and  advertisements  by  means  of  which 
these  products  are  offered  to  the  consumer.  In 
the  great  battle  for  the  right  a  determined  and 
methodical  assault  has  been  made  upon  false  and 
misleading  representation  to  the  public.  The  fake 
remedy,  the  inert  appliance,  the  exaggerated  vir- 
tue, all  are  intended  to  mislead  and  deceive.  Per- 
fect candor  and  truth  should  characterize  all 
claims  made  for  all  merchandise.  The  public  gaze 
is  already  turned  on  these  faults.  The  press  is 
already  taking  notice.  The  Associated  Advertis- 
ing Clubs  of  the  country  have  undertaken  a  sys- 
tematic campaign  against  these  extravagant  and 
often  harmful  misrepresentations.  Pure  Adver- 
tising is  fit  handmaiden  for  Pure  Food. 

These  are  the  objects  I  have  had  in  view  in  the 
work  done  under  the  auspices  of  Good  Housekeep- 
ing. The  way  in  which  these  principles  have  been 
used  as  measuring  rods  to  guide  me  in  the  de- 
cisions reached  call  for  a  word  of  explanation  that 
the  scope  and  results  of  the  work  may  not  be  mis- 
interpreted and  the  maximum  amount  of  practical 


xxii         THE   PURE    FOOD    BATTLE 

good  may  be  done.  While  these  investigations 
were  undertaken  primarily  to  protect  the  adver- 
tising columns  of  Good  Eouseheeping,  their  deeper 
purpose  was  to  render  a  constructive  service  to 
the  cause  of  pure  food  and  its  honest  labeling, 
merchandising,  and  advertising.  This  service 
could  only  be  made  broadly  effective  by  placing 
on  record  the  results  of  our  findings  on  the  thou- 
sand or  more  samples  of  foods,  drug  products  and 
cosmetics  that  have  passed  through  the  laboratory 
during  the  past  two  years  together  with  the  rea- 
sons of  those  decisions.  This  is  for  the  mutual 
advantage  of  the  progressive  manufacturer  and 
the  woman  buyer  who  in  many  cases  is  groping 
blindly  in  a  maze  of  doubts  and  fears  as  to  what 
is  and  what  is  not  an  adulterated  or  misbranded 
package. 

No  one  can  realize  more  clearly  the  limitations 
and  imperfections  of  such  a  piece  of  work  than 
those  who  have  struggled  with  the  detail  of  it. 
It  is  urged  that  such  partial  lists,  of  necessity  open 
to  differences  of  opinion  as  to  their  grading,  work 
injustices,  are  incomplete  and  therefore  should  not 
be  printed.  This  does  not  seem  to  be  an  adequate 
reason  for  lacking  the  courage  to  take  the  next 
step  and  submit  the  work  on  its  merits  as  far  as 
it  has  been  carried.    No  change,  no  reform,  no 


THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE         xxiii 

big  piece  of  work  has  ever  been  carried  tbrougb. 
without  minor  and  incidental  hardships,  and  while 
the  impossibility  of  perfection  in  such  an  under- 
taking is  manifest,  the  doing  of  it  seems  none 
the  less  serviceable  and  worth  while,  from  the 
broadest  point  of  view. 

Among  the  difficulties  that  beset  the  task  are 
these :  As  the  chemist  and  microscopist  can  not 
take  the  place  of  the  factory  inspector,  some  de- 
fects are  not  disclosed  by  analysis  though  pro- 
nounced bad  conditions  might  be  reflected  in  the 
product.  The  products  of  the  same  company  vary 
from  time  to  time,  or  from  season  to  season — the 
output  is  not  uniform,  any  more  than  is  the  out- 
put of  the  home  kitchen,  and  therefore  determina- 
tions on  one  or  two  samples  may  be  misleading. 
This  is  especially  true  of  goods  handled  by  jobbers, 
bought  here  and  there,  and  labeled  with  a  common 
brand  or  distributor's  name.  Again  an  excellent 
product  may  be  extravagantly  labeled  and  mis- 
leadingly  praised,  while  a  mediocre  one  may  be  ir- 
reproachable in  this  regard,  and  the  rating  must 
be  balanced  to  give  the  sanest  and  most  practical 
help  to  the  buyer.  These  and  many  other  inter- 
acting causes  make  **whitelisting"  a  thankless 
undertaking.  This  book  is  not  a  white  list  nor  a 
black  list.     There  are  doubtless  many  products 


xxiv        THE   PURE    FOOD    BATTLE 

not  mentioned  which  are  as  good  as  those  we  have 
examined ;  and  no  effort  was  made  to  find  products 
to  condemn.  On  the  other  hand,  we  sought  in  the 
open  market  those  foods  having  a  general  sale  and 
presumably  of  the  best  quality,  that  the  advice 
might  be  positive  rather  than  negative  in  its  char- 
acter. 

It  is  something  to  be  able  to  say  definitely  that 
the  representative  samples  of  the  products  listed, 
on  which  we  shared  the  consumer's  luck,  are  free 
from  injurious  or  debasing  ingredients,  are  at 
least  of  standard  quality,  and  in  many  cases  are 
superior  to  the  requirements  maintained  by  fed- 
eral and  state  regulations,  that  the  package  offers 
honest  weight  or  measure,  and  that  the  labeling 
is  not  misleading  in  any  essential  particular. 
And  that  is  what  we  do  say  of  the  **  starred"  prod- 
ucts reported.  Occasionally  a  meaningless  flight 
of  fancy  on  the  label  or  in  the  circular  matter  of  a 
very  fine  quality  product  has  been  but  lightly 
scored — the  most  practical  service  seeming  to  de- 
mand this.  Some  may  think  that  too  much  stress 
has  been  laid  upon  exaggerated  claims.  But  the 
importance  of  insisting  on  truthful  descriptions 
of  foods,  drugs,  and  cosmetics,  their  uses  and 
value,  as  well  as  their  composition,  can  not  be 
overestimated,  whether  the  statements  appear  on 


THE    PURE    FOOD    BATTLE  xxv 

the  label,  in  circulars,  or  in  the  advertisement. 
Otherwise  the  consumer  is  hopelessly  at  the  mercy 
of  the  imagination  of  the  label  or  advertisement 
writer,  all  relative  sense  of  value  is  lost,  and  in- 
telligent buying  is  impossible.  To  permit  it  in 
any  marked  degree,  because  the  product  is  other- 
wise a  good  one,  halts  the  whole  reform  movement, 
as  it  makes  competition  unfair,  the  honest  man's 
sanely  described  product  being  overshadowed  by 
the  vocabulary  of  his  business  rival.  Far  reach- 
ing and  radical  changes  have  been  made  in  the 
descriptive  material  of  many  well  known  products, 
since  the  folly  of  claiming  that  everything  is  the 
**best"  the  '*most  nutritious,"  the  **only  thing" 
of  the  kind  worth  buying,  becomes  rather  striking 
when  all  of  these  superlatives  are  gathered  to- 
gether within  a  few  pages  of  each  other  in  our 
magazines  and  newspapers.  A  shrieking  chorus 
of  contradictory  superlatives  gets  no  one  any- 
where, either  buyer  or  seller. 
-  It  will  be  noted  that  products  ranging  from  85 
to  100  per  cent,  are  starred.  Manifestly  there 
must  exist  among  these  minor  differences  of 
quality,  the  use  of  more  or  less  expensive  packages 
and  wrapping,  etc.  A  product  rated  at  85  is  not 
so  near  perfection  as  one  rated  at  95.  An  olive 
oil,  for  example,  may  be  pure,  meet  all  the  required 


xxvi         THE    PURE    FOOD  BATTLE 

tests  and  standards,  but  be  less  cbaracteristic  in 
odor  and  flavor,  less  distinctive  in  character  than 
another.  The  preference  may  be  largely  a  matter 
of  taste  and  it  did  not  seem  practicable  to  en- 
deavor to  distinguish  any  more  closely  between 
grades  of  excellence  than  this.  The  problem  is 
further  complicated  by  the  question  of  relative 
cost.  One  product  may  be  wholesome,  nutritious 
or  pleasing,  and  a  good  bargain  at  50  cents,  though 
not  so  delicious,  nor  of  quite  such  high  grade 
as  something  of  the  same  kind  sold  at  a  dollar. 
Plainly  this  is  a  question  in  itself  and  one  that 
could  be  given  only  secondary  consideration  in 
grading  a  large  number  of  miscellaneous  products. 
The  housewife  must  adapt  the  findings  to  her  own 
taste  and  pocketbook  to  some  extent. 

The  same  questions  arise  repeatedly  in  corre- 
spondence, concerning  certain  classes  of  foods,  the 
special  adulterations  to  be  avoided,  the  points  to 
be  noted  in  reading  the  labels,  the  standards  that  a 
fi^st  class  product  should  attain,  and  so  on.  The 
introduction  to  each  classified  list  of  products  is 
intended  to  cover  as  briefly  and  simply  as  possible 
some  of  these  salient  points,  to  aid  the  judgment 
of  the  housekeeper  in  general  buying  and  to  as- 
sist in  an  intelligent  interpretation  of  the  ratings. 

One  of  the  many  bright  lights  in  the  rather  thick 


THE    PURE    FOOD  BATTLE        xxvii 

cloud  of  difficulties  that  hung  about  this  pioneer 
effort  was  the  readiness  of  most  of  the  leading 
manufacturers  and  advertising  men  to  modify 
claims,  labels,  and  advertisements  when  inconsist- 
encies and  inaccuracies  were  brought  to  their  at- 
tention. The  time  is  undoubtedly  coming  when  it 
will  be  a  confession  of  inferiority  to  overrate  or 
distort  the  merits  and  special  uses  of  any  com- 
modity— just  as  any  boaster  is  self-branded  a 
light-weight  rather  than  a  man  of  parts.  To 
hasten  the  coming  of  this  day,  to  uphold  the  hands 
of  the  manufacturers,  who  in  a  transition  period, 
at  some  sacrifice  and  under  unfair  conditions  of 
competition,  are  willing  to  make  this  advance  and 
speak  the  plain  truth  about  an  honest  product, 
depending  on  merit  rather  than  on  language  to  sell 
their  goods;  and  to  serve  the  housekeepers,  who 
are  the  buyers  of  the  nation's  food  and  on  whose 
judgment  and  wise  selection  the  health  of  thou- 
sands of  workers  and  children  largely  depend — 
we  offer  this  report  of  progress,  believing  that  in 
spite  of  its  necessary  limitations,  it  will  be  useful 
to  buyer  and  seller  alike.  The  object  is  neither 
to  praise  nor  to  condemn,  but  to  serve.  To  fur- 
nish a  stepping  stone  in  the  quagmire  of  doubts 
that  the  food  agitation  has  created,  to  lay  a  foun- 
dation for  further  work,  to  provide  the  housewife 


xxviii       THE    PURE    FOOD  BATTLE 

with  both  specific  and  general  information  on 
mooted  points,  and  above  all  to  give  a  further  im- 
petus to  the  movement  toward  higher  standards 
in  the  manufacture,  merchandising,  and  advertis- 
ing of  foods,  so  essential  to  the  well  being  of  all — 
is  the  purpose  of  this  book. 

H.  W.  Wiley. 
Washington,  D.  C,  December,  1915, 

KEY  TO  METHOD  OP  RATING  PRODUCTS 


Starred  products  (^Ar)  s-^e  those  rated  at  85  to  100,  represent- 
ing high  quality  and  full  weight  and  measure  with  accurate 
labeling  and  no  specifically  misleading  claims. 

(N)  indicates  a  noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84,  given 
to  products  subject  to  such  criticisms,  in  my  judgment,  as  incor- 
rect labeling,  short  weight,  relatively  inferior  quality,  or  defi- 
nitely misleading  claims. 

Disapproved  products  (D),  rated  at  75  and  less,  are  only  in  a 
few  instances  actually  harmful  (though  some  do  contain  chemical 
preservatives,  alum,  artificial  colors,  etc.,  deemed  injurious  to 
health),  but  are  so  classed  because  they  are,  in  my  opinion,  of 
low  quality,  or  are  misbranded,  or  carry  grossly  exaggerated 
claims  as  to  efficiency  or  nutritive  value. 


A  period  of  over  three  years  (April  1912 — ^August  1915)  is 
covered  by  the  examination  of  these  samples.  The  character  of 
some  of  the  products  may  have  changed  since  they  were  studied, 
labels  and  circulars  may  have  been  revised,  and  wherever  such 
changes  have  been  brought  to  our  attention  we  have  met  the  im- 
provement with  a  reconsideration  and  re-rating  of  the  product  on 
its  merits.  Quite  a  number  of  samples  have  been  retested  from 
time  to  time.  Ratings  will  be  advanced  as  further  improve- 
ments are  noted. 


"1001"  Tests  of  Foods, 
Beverages  and  ToUet  Accessories 


Note:  Changes  and  corrections  in  ratings  have  been  made 
from  time  to  time  based  on  re-examinations,  and  on  corrections 
and  improvements  made  in  labeling  and  circular  material  (and 
for  such  improvements  we  are  always  eager  to  give  credit).  It 
has  also  seemed  advisable,  as  the  work  gathered  prestige  and 
authority,  to  extend  the  star  rating  to  some  products  of  good 
value  and  quality,  which  had  originally  been  de-rated  solely  on 
account  of  over  enthusiasm  and  obvious  exaggerations.  While 
we  still  deprecate  such  labeling  and  shall  continue  in  a  construc- 
tive fashion  to  point  out  such  statements  and  exclude  them  from 
the  magazine,  the  best  service  to  the  consumer  demands  that  a 
passing  rating  be  accorded  if  the  quality  of  the  product  is  satis- 
factory, attention  being  called  to  flaws  of  this  general  nature  in 
label  or  circulars.  Specifically  misleading  statements  however 
axe  not  tolerated  even  to  this  extent. 


\ 


"1001"  TESTS 

Classified  Lists  of  Tested  Foods,  Beverages 
and  Cosmetics  with  Comments. 


BAKING  POWDEES,  YEASTS,  ETC. 

THEEE  are  three  kinds  of  baking  powders,  tlie 
cream  of  tartar  type;  the  phosphate  pow- 
ders; and  the  alum  powders.  From  the  stand- 
point of  economy,  what  the  housekeeper  wants  is 
the  powder  with  the  highest  carbon  dioxide  con- 
tent and  the  minimum  of  starch  or  filler  necessary 
to  preserve  its  strength.  High  grade  powders 
contain  from  12  to  14  per  cent,  of  carbon  dioxide. 
Below  10  per  cent,  is  poor  quality.  All  leave  a 
mineral  residue  in  the  bread  and  for  this  and  other 
reasons  I  believe  them  to  be  relatively  less  health- 
ful than  the  products  made  with  yeast.  For  con- 
venience, for  quick  use,  etc.,  the  baking  powders 
are  unequaled,  and  the  hot  bread,  cakes,  pancakes, 
so  made  fill  a  permissible  role  in  the  menu,  if  not 

**  over-worked.'' 

1 


1001    TESTS 


The  alum  powders  are  tlie  least  desirable,  there 
being  grave  question  as  to  their  wholesomeness. 
Between  the  other  two  types  there  is  not  much  to 
choose.  Two  teaspoonfuls  of  a  tartrate  powder 
leave  in  a  loaf  made  from  a  quart  of  flour, 
about  165  grains  of  Eochelle  salts,  45  grains 
more  than  a  Seidlitz  powder.  The  phosphate 
type  leaves  in  the  loaf  a  still  larger  amount 
of  phosphate  of  lime  and  phosphate  of  soda,  the 
latter  being  slightly  purgative.  The  alum  pow- 
ders leave  a  deposit  of  hydrate  of  aluminum  and 
sulphate  of  soda,  or  if  phosphate  is  used,  which  is 
now  generally  the  case,  phosphate  of  aluminum  is 
also  present.  There  is  some  difference  of  opinion 
as  to  the  degree  of  solubility  of  aluminum  salts 
and  their  exact  physiological  effect.     (See  p.  4.) 

The  use  of  egg  albumin  in  baking  powders  while 
harmless  in  itself  has  led  to  serious  abuses.  Dem- 
onstrations to  show  effectiveness  give  misleading 
results  when  one  powder  contains  the  egg  albumin 
and  the  other  does  not.  A  federal  court  has  en- 
joined the  use  of  egg  albumin  in  tests  of  this  kind 
as  deceptive.  A  comparison  of  two  powders  both 
containing  this  substance  enables  one  to  distin- 
guish between  old  and  new  powders  in  a  general 
iway.  Formerly,  many  powders  contained  a  slight 
trace  of  either  lead  (in  cream  of  tartar  powders) 


BAKING    POWDERS,    YEASTS,    ETC.        S 

or  arsenic  (in  phosphate  powders),  but  these  bod- 
ies are  now  practically  eliminated  from  well- 
made  products. 

TESTED  BAKING  POWDERS,  YEASTS,  ETC. 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  76  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Calumet  Baking  Powder  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Calumet  Baking  Powder.  {Contains  alum  and  egg 
albumen  declared  on  label.  Doubtful  if  *^  com- 
plete neutralization''  of  alum  is  always  effected 
as  claimed.) 

Cleveland  Baking  Powder  Company,  New  York  City. 

*  Cleveland's  Superior  Baking  Powder.     {Cream  of 

tartar  type.) 
Corby  Brothers,  Washington,  D.  C. 

*  Yeast. 

Davis,  R.  B.,  Company,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

(N)  Davis  0.  K.  Baking  Powder.  {An  alum  baking 
powder,  correctly  labeled.) 

Fleischmann,  Company,  The,  Washington,  D.  C. 

*  Yeast.     {Good  yeast  hut  starch  present,  presence 

of  '* tapioca  flour''  being  declared  in  very  small 
type.) 

Gumbert,  S.,  and  Company,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Up-Rise  Baking  Powder.     {Alum  baking  powder 


1001    TESTS 


containing    egg    albumen,    and    correctly    la- 
beled.) 

Jaques  Manufacturing  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  K.  C.  Baking  Powder.     {An  alum  baking  pow- 
der, accurately  labeled.) 

Price  Baking  Powder  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Dr.  Price's  Cream  Baking  Powder.    {Cream  of 

tartar  type.) 
Royal  Baking  Powder  Company,  New  York  City. 

*  Royal  Baking  Powder.     {Cream  of  tartar  type, 

excellent  product  but  claim  *' absolutely  pure,'* 
objectionable.) 
Rumford  Chemical  Works,  Providence,  R.  I. 

*  Rumford  Baking  Powder.     {Phosphate  type.) 
Slade,  D.  and  L.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

i^r  Congress  Baking  Powder.    {Cream  of  tartar  type.) 
"A"  Absolutely  Pure  Grape  Cream  of  Tartar.     {Equal 
to   Phurmacopoeial   standard   as   claimed,    but 
phrase  '^ absolutely  pure"  objectionable.) 

*  Baking  Soda — Absolutely  Pure  Saleratus.    {Same.) 

(Note:  The  Referee  Board  of  Consulting  Scientific  Experts  has 
advised  the  Department  of  Agriculture  that  the  residue  from  alum 
baking  powders  is  not  harmful  in  ordinary  amounts  and  there- 
fore that  alum  may  be  used  in  pickles  and  other  food  products. 
The  federal  courts  have  held  in  a  similar  ruling  relating  to  benzo- 
ate  of  soda  that  the  evidence  of  harmlessness  is  not  conclusive. 
If  food  products  containing  alum  are  conspicuously  labeled  the 
public  will  probably  take  the  same  attitude  respecting  alum  that 
it  holds  concerning  benzoate  of  soda.  I  have  not  experimented 
with  alum  myself  and  therefore  have  rated  the  alum  powders 
as   (N)  Non-committal.) 


\ 


n 

BEVEEAGES 
CHOCOLATES  AND  COCOAS 

THESE  are  some  of  the  questions  repeatedly 
asked  in  regard  to  cocoas  and  chocolates — 
with  their  answers. 

1.  What  is  the  difference  between  cocoa  and 
chocolate — which  is  better  to  use?  Cocoa  is 
merely  chocolate  from  which  about  half  of  the  fat 
has  been  removed.  It  has  therefore  less  heat 
value  but  is  a  better  balanced  food  and  is  for  that 
reason  preferred  for  invalids  and  children,  the 
chocolate  being '  ^  too  rich. ' '  The  cocoas  have  f  rqm 
20  to  27  per  cent,  of  fat,  and  the  chocolates,  45  to 
50  per  cent.,  45  per  cent,  being  required  by  the 
standard. 

2.  Is  there  a  poisonous  drug  called  theobromin 
in  chocolate?  There  is  a  trace  of  caffein  and 
about  1.8  per  cent,  of  theobromin  in  cocoa.  This 
is  an  alkaloid  related  to  caffein  but  is  generally 
conceded  to  be  relatively  free  from  any  marked 
action  on  the  nerve  centers.  Further  than  this 
cocoa  and  chocolate  being  made  with  milk  and  hav- 

5 


6  1001    TESTS 


ing  more  food  value  the  stimulating  effect  of  this 
ingredient  is  much  decreased.  We  do  not  hear 
much  of  the  ** cocoa  habit''  or  of  folks  who  ** can't 
get  through  the  day  without  it. ' ' 

3.  Is  an  alkali-treated  cocoa  harmful?  Why  is 
it  done?  Only  about  25  per  cent,  of  cocoa  is  solu- 
ble in  water,  and  the  so-called  ** Dutch  process"  or 
treating  with  an  alkali,  is  practiced  because  it  com- 
bines with  the  fat  and  makes  an  emulsion,  thus  ap- 
parently increasing  the  solubility  while  really  it 
does  not  do  so  at  all.  The  process  is  not  regarded 
with  general  favor,  as  it  increases  the  mineral  con- 
stituents, adding  about  3  per  cent,  of  alkalies  to  the 
cocoa,  but  one  cannot  say  that  it  is  actually  in- 
jurious. The  practice  is  questionable,  and  the 
consumer  should  be  given  the  benefit  of  the  doubt, 
therefore,  the  presence  of  these  alkalies  should  al- 
ways be  plainly  declared,  that  invalids  and  those  of 
delicate  digestion  may  avoid  such  brands.  Ex- 
travagant claims  in  regard  to  the  special  merits  of 
the  treatment,  resulting  solubility,  digestibility, 
etc.,  are  misleading. 

4.  What  is  plain  or  bitter  chocolate?  This 
product  should  be  composed  of  the  roasted, 
crushed  cocoa  nibs  only.  These  nibs  contain 
over  50  per  cent,  of  fat.  The  bitter  chocolates 
of  commerce  contain  from  45  to  49  per  cent,  of  fat 


BEVERAGES  7 

only,  showing  the  removal  of  a  small  part  of  the 
fat  or  the  addition  of  some  drying  substance,  snch 
as  sugar  or  starch. 

5.  What  are  the  adulterants  of  cocoas!  Starch 
and  cocoa  shells  are  sometimes  added;  iron  oxide 
is  occasionally  added  to  cheap  products  to  color 
them ;  added  sugar  is  also  considered  an  adulterant 
from  the  standpoint  that  it  is  a  cheaper  product 
mixed  with  the  more  expensive  one  for  which  you 
are  paying.  Sweetened  chocolate  should  be  so 
labeled.  There  is  practically  no  adulteration  of 
brands  of  any  reputation. 

TESTED  BEVERAGES 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  CN)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  S4;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

TESTED  CHOCOLATES  AND  COCOAS 
Baker,  Walter,  and  Company,  Dorchester,  Mass. 

*  Breakfast  Cocoa.  {Claim  *' absolutely  pure*^  un- 
tenable, as  always.) 
Bensdorp,  Amsterdam,  Holland.  (Bartlett,  Stephen  L., 
Company.) 
(N)  Royal  Dutch  Cocoa.  (A  good  Dutch  process 
cocoa  but  presence  of  added  mineral  ingredients 
makes  statement,  ''Is  acknowledged  by  the  lead- 
ing authorities  to  be  an  absolutely  pure  cocoa/' 
especially  objectionable.) 


8  1001    TESTS 


Blockers,  Amsterdam,  and  New  York. 

*  Blocker's  Daalders  Cacao.     {Dutch  process  3^ 

per  cent,  alkali  added,  properly  labeled;  good 
quality.) 

Huyler's,  New  York. 

*  Cocoa,   Huyler's.     (Mineral   ingredients   slightly 

high;  not  added  alkali,  hotaever.) 
ic  Premium  Chocolate. 

Lowney,  Walter  M.  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Breakfast    Cocoa.     (Good   quality.    Extravagant 

claims.    '' Unlike  any  other'';  *^0f  special  bene- 
fit to  those  of  delicate  digestion.") 

Maillard,  Henry,  35th  and  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York, 
N.  Y. 

*  Maillard 's  Breakfast  Cocoa.     (Extravagant  claims 

as  to  solubility,  "absolute  purity.''    No  cocoa 
is  "thoroughly  soluble.") 

*  Maillard 's  Premium  Chocolate. 

Peter  Cailler  Kohler  Swiss  Chocolates  Company,  Ful- 
ton, N.  Y. 

*  Breakfast  Cocoa.     ("Absolutely  pure"  claim  ex- 

travagant.) 
Phillips,  Charles  H.   Chemical  Company,  New  York. 
(N)  Phillips  Digestihle  Cocoa.     (No  right  to  the  claim 

of  special  digestibility;  phosphates  added,  about  "*% 
20%  of  sugar  and  vanilla — declared  on  label.) 


BEVERAGES  9 

Stollwerck  Brothers,  Inc.,  New  York. 

*  Gold  Brand  Premium  Chocolate. 

Van  Houten  and  Sons,  Holland. 

(N)  Van  Houten 's  Famous  Cocoa,  Unexcelled. 
{Greatly  exaggerated  claims  as  to  improvement 
of  the  product  hy  the  Dutch  treatment  with 
alkali.) 

Whitman,  Stephen  R,  and  Son,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Instantaneous  Sweet  Chocolate.     (A  good  choco- 

late, hut  about  half  sugar,  26%  fat.) 


COFFEE  AND  TEA: 

All  that  the  chemist  can  do  to  protect  the  buyer 
of  coffee  and  tea  is  to  assure  him  that  the  product 
is  not  faced  or  artificially  colored,  does  not  consist 
of  dried  stems  instead  of  leaves  in  the  case  of  tea, 
or  is  not  coated  with  injurious  substances  and 
mixed  with  adulterants  such  as  chicory  in  the  case 
of  coffee ;  to  make  sure  that  the  amount  of  extract 
yielded  is  what  it  should  be ;  that  odor  and  flavor 
are  good  and  that  the  tea  and  coffee  are  free  from 
dirt.  In  the  case  of  teas  the  samples  were  com- 
pared with  a  set  of  standard  Treasury  samples  for 
grading  purposes.  These  points  have  been  deter- 
mined for  the  samples  reported  but  when  it  comes 
to  fine  gradations  in  quality,  this  is  a  matter  for 
the  expert  and  the  individual  as  personal  tastes 
vary  widely  and  the  practice  of  blending  many 
different  kinds  of  teas  and  coffees  and  selling  them 
under  fancy  names,  makes  it  impossible  to  estab- 
lish any  more  definite  standards.  This  is  espe- 
cially true  in  the  case  of  teas.  Wide  variations  in 
price  exist  among  some  of  the  starred  samples  and 
corresponding  variations  in  quality  naturally  are 
found,  but  the  teas  approved  are  all  standard  and 

10 


BEVERAGES  11 

good  quality  for  the  price  asked.  A  frank  state- 
ment on  the  label  as  to  the  kind  of  coffee  entering 
into  the  blend  of  package  goods  bearing  pro- 
prietary fancy  names  would  clarify  the  whole  sit- 
uation and  enable  the  buyer  to  judge  both  of  price 
and  relative  quality  and  to  know  what  coffees 
produce  the  preferred  flavor.  Why  should  we  buy 
a  **pig  in  a  poke''?  Why  not  know  what  blend 
of  coffees  we  purchase  ?  Such  package  goods,  giv- 
ing the  buyer  no  inkling  as  to  the  nature  and  qual- 
ity of  the  contents,  do  not  always  lead  to  fraud 
but  it  makes  it  perilously  easy  if  a  manufacturer  is 
looking  for  such  an  opportunity.  Let  the  house- 
keeper stand  for  intelligent,  simple  labels  that 
mean  something. 

The  coffee  and  tea  drinker  knows  that  he  is  taking 
caffein,  a  nerve  stimulant,  and  more  or  less  habit- 
forming  drug  when  he  takes  these  beverages,  and 
y  the  tannic  acid  present  may  affect  the  digestion 
more  or  less,  varying  with  the  individual  suscepti- 
bility. There  is  no  doubt  but  what  the  excessive 
use  of  tea  and  coffee  injuriously  affects  a  large 
percentage  of  the  persons  using  them  and  in  many 
cases  of  idiosyncrasy  even  small  quantities  are 
harmful. 

The  only  other  point  of  special  interest  is  the 
"cereal  coffees''  or  so-called  coffee  substitutes. 


IS  1001    TESTS 


These  are  not  substitutes  for  coffee  in  that  they 
do  not  produce  the  same  effect,  do  not  have  the 
same  flavor,  and  cannot  fill  their  place.  They  are 
harmless,  their  chief  sin  lying  in  the  extraordinary 
claims  made  as  to  their  nutritive  value.  As  a 
matter  of  fact  they  contain  in  general  about  one- 
twentieth  the  nutrition  of  skimmed  milk  and  their 
only  virtue  lies  in  providing  a  warm,  harmless 
beverage  and  restricting  the  use  of  the  caffein- 
bearing  drinks.  A  true  ** decaffeinated''  coffee 
would  practically  serve  this  purpose  at  the  same 
time  providing  a  better  flavored  product. 

So-called  instantaneous  coffees,  under  whatever 
branding  are  made  from  an  aqueous  extract  of 
coffee,  evaporated  to  dryness,  at  a  low  tempera- 
ture, usually  by  aid  of  a  vacuum,  preserving  as  far 
as  possible  the  aromatic  constituents  of  the  ex- 
tract. There  is  no  method  of  drying,  however, 
which  can  preserve  all  of  the  volatile  flavors  and 
qualities  of  coffee.  The  instantaneous  coffees 
must,  therefore,  of  necessity  lack  some  of  the  de- 
liciousness  of  the  freshly  made  beverage.  The 
claims  which  are  made  for  them  in  regard  to  in- 
creased wholesomeness,  lower  content  of  caff  ein  or 
tannic  acid,  are  not  borne  out  by  the  analytical 
data.  These  coffees  are  most  convenient  for 
campers  and  on  all  occasions  when  the  quick 


BEVERAGES  13 

preparation  of  the  beverage  is  desirable.    This 
appears  to  me  to  be  their  sole  useful  role. 

TESTED  COFFEES,  AND  COFFEE 

SUBSTITUTES 

(Starred  products  (*)    are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 

noncommittal  rating  between  76   and  84;   disapproved  products 

(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 

details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Arbuckle  Brothers,  New  York. 

(N)  Ariosa  Coffee.     (Good  quality  for  price;  state- 
ments on  label  mildly  extravagant;  coated  with 
sugar  and  egg.) 
*  Yuban,    The   Arbuckle    Guest   Coffee.     (A    good 
hlend.) 

Aroma  Coffee  Company,  Duluth,  Minnesota. 

(N)  Caldwell's  Electric  Cut,  not  ground  coffee. 
(Claims  on  label  extravagant  as  to  removal  of 
tannin,  quality,  etc.) 

Baker  Importing  Company,  109  Hudson  Street,  New 
York,  N.  Y. 
if  Bakerized  Steel  Cut  Coffee.  (Claims  for  special 
process  slightly  exaggerated;  evenly  ground  and 
clean,  but  no  marked  effect  on  composition  de- 
termined.) 

Blanke,  C.  F.,  Tea  and  Coffee  Company,  St.  Louis, 
Missouri. 


14  1001    TESTS 


*  Coffee.     (Extravagant  quality  claims.) 

(D)  Fairy  Cup  Instant  Coffee.     (Claims  as  to  the  re- 
moval of  caff 6171  and  tannin  not  substantiated.) 
Blendo  Food  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(D)  Blendo.     (Absurd  claims  as  to  nutritive  value 
and  ** superior  to  coffee"  flavor;  a  mixture  of 
roasted  peas,  rye  and  barley.) 
Borden's  Condensed  Milk  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Borden's  Condensed  Coffee.  (A  very  small 
amount  of  coffee  imtk  sugar  and  condensed 
milk  sold  for  31  cents  for  151/2  ounces. 
Slightly  short  weight  on  samples  tested.) 

Chase  and  Sanborn,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Seal  Brand  Coffee. 

Clark,  Coggins  and  Johnson  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 
(N)  Puri-tan-ated     Brand     Coffee.      (^^ Nourishing" 
claims  extra/uagant,  claims  for  effect  of  special 
process  in  removing  tannin,  etc.,  unwarranted.) 

Climax  Coffee  Company,  Chicago,  Illinois. 

*  Mrs.  Rorer's  Brand  Own  Blend  Coffee.     (Extreme 

claims  as  to  keeping  qualities.) 
Crosse  and  Blackwell,  London  and  New  York. 

(N)  Pure  Essence  of  Coffee.  (Extractives  rather  low, 
hardly  a  true  ^'essence.") 

Dwinell- Wright  Company,  Boston,  Mass. — Chicago,  111. 

*  White  House  Brand  Coffee. 

Fischer,  B.,  and  Company,  New  York. 

*  Hotel  Astor  Coffee. 


BEVERAGES  15 

Githens,  Rexsamer  and  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  The  **400"  Blend  Roasted  Coffee. 

G.  Washington  Coffee  Sales  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  G.  Washington  Prepared  Coffee.  {A  good  in- 
stantaneous coffee;  claims  as  to  harmlessness, 
etc.,  much  exaggerated  as  most  of  the  caffein 
remains.  ''Drink  all  the  coffee  you  want^*  dan- 
gerous and  misleading  advice.) 

Harris,  W.  B.,  Company,  New  York  City. 

*  Royal  Stag  Coffee. 

Kellogg  Food  Comi>any,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

(N)  Kellogg 's  Cereal  Beverage,  Minute  Brew. 
{Boasted,  pulverized  grain,  no  more  "health- 
fuV  than  other  cereal  coffees.) 
Kneipp  Malt  Food  Company,  Mantowoc,  Wisconsin. 
(N)  Kneipp  Malt,  (A  Coffee  Substitute).  {Claimed  to 
he  a  roasted  malt;  so  turned  that  malting  can 
not  he  confirmed.  Flavored  with  an  extract  from 
the  leaves  and  pericarp  of  the  coffee  plant.) 

Levering  Coffee  Company,  The,  Baltimore,  Md. 

*  Tourist  Coffee. 

Lockyer  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Extra  Fancy  B.  Coffee. 

*  Extra  Fancy  C.  Coffee. 

Merck  and  Company,  New  York,  (Distributors) . 

*  Dekofa.     {A  true  decaffeinated  coffee,  containing 


16  1001    TESTS 


only  0.15  per  cent,  of  caffein,  which  is  as  near 
complete  removal  as  can  he  attained.) 

Panama  Banana  Fruit  Company,  New  York. 

(N)  Banan-Nutro.  {A  product  made  from  ground 
roasted  bananas.  Exaggerated  claims  as  to  nu- 
tritive value.  Not  a  **Uing  of  substitutes  for 
coffee**  in  so  far  as  flavor  is  concerned.) 

Porto    Rico   Trading   Company,    Inc.,    127    Franklin 
Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Queen  Isabella  Porto  Rico  Coffee. 
Postum  Cereal  Company. 

(N)  Instant  Postum.  {Boasted  cereals  with  an  excess 
of  mineral  ingredients y  source  unknown:  harm- 
less, but  claims  much  exaggerated.) 

(N)  Postum  Cereal.     {Same.) 
Potter  and  Wrightington,  Boston,  Mass. 

(D)  Old  Grist  Mill.  A  substitute  for  coffee.  {Con- 
tains wheat,  peas,  and  dandelion,  and  some  cof- 
fee, objectionable  in  a  '^coffee  substitute,*' 
claims  as  to  aiding  digestion,  preserving  com- 
plexion, etc.,  misleading.) 

Quinby,  W.  S.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  La  Touraine,  The  perfect  coffee.     {^^ Perfection" 

exaggjrated!) 

Sprague,  Warner  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Richlieu  Brand  Hans  Evers  Process  Vacuum 
Treated    Coffee.     {Claims    as    to    removal    of 


BEVERAGES  17 

harmful  products  hy  vacuum  process  not  suh- 
stantiated;  caffein  still  present.) 

TESTED  TEAS 

Asiatic  Products  Company,  San  Francisco,  California. 
^  Dalmoy  Blend  Tea. 

*  London  Blend  Brand  Tea. 

*  Sa-Sa-Ma  Brand  Tea. 

Bemdt  and  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 

(D)  Juno  Mate  Paraguayan  Tea  (Ilex  Paraguayensis) . 
(Contains  as  much  caffein  as  coffee  and  stiU 
most  extravagant  claims  are  made  as  to  health- 
fulness,  food  value,  freedom  from  had  after  ef- 
fects, etc.  Product  unohjectionaUe  hut  no 
ground  found  for  such  claims.) 

Blanke,  C.  F.,  Tea  and  Coffee  Company,  St.  Louis, 
Missouri. 

*  Magic  Cup  Soluble  Tea. 

Dwinell- Wright  Company,  Boston,  Mass. — Chicago,  111. 
'k  White  House  Brand  Orange  Pekoe  Tea. 

Fischer,  B.,  and  Company. 

*  Hotel  Astor  Tea. 

Gillet,  Martin  and  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 

(N)  House  of  Lords,  Ceylon  Tea.  {A  heavy,  liquor- 
ing tea;  not  well  cleaned.) 

*  Standard  HE-NO  Tea.     (A  good  grade  of  green 

tea.) 


18  1001    TESTS 


Harris,  W.  B.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Royal  Stag  Tea.     {Good  for  price;  36   cents  a 

pound,  not  highest  quality.) 

Lipton,  London  and  New  York. 

if  Lipton  *s  Tea — Extra  Choice  Blend  of  Ceylon  and 
India  Tea — ^Black. 

*  Lipton 's  Extra  Choicest  Blend  of  Ceylon  and  In- 

dia Tea — ^Black,  blend  A. 

*  Lipton  *s  Ceylon  and  India  Tea — ^Black,  blend  B. 

Quinby,  W.  S.,  Company,  Boston,  and  Chicago,  111. 

*  Golden  Dome  Orange  Pekoe  Ceylon  Tea.     {A  sixty 

cent  tea,  good  flavor  hut  not  exceptional;  sold 
in  hulk  to  retailers  and  hranded  hags  furnished 
for  sales  to  consumer.) 

Salada  Tea  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Salada  Tea. 

ic  Salada  Ceylon  and  India  Tea. 

Tetley,  Joseph,  and  Company,  London,  Eng. 

*  Tetley 's  Tea,  Black,  India  and  Ceylon. 

Victoria  Tea  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  ''My  Own"  blend  Tea— Blend  No.  1. 

*  *'My  Own''  blend  Tea— Blend  No.  2. 


SOFT  DRINKS,  TONICS,  AND  MEDICATED 
BEVERAGES 

While  the  miscellaneotis  bottled  soft  drinks  on 
the  market  with  the  exception  of  those  bearing 
habit-forming  drugs,  such  as  Coca  Cola  (caffein), 
cannot  be  said  to  be  absolutely  injurious,  they  rep- 
resent to  my  mind  second  grade  products  of  a  mis- 
cellaneous composition  which  does  not  recommend 
them  for  consumption  by  the  young  or  for  a  place  ' 
in  a  list  of  high  grade  products.  Many  of  the 
most  highly  prized  remedies  are  of  vegetable  origin 
and  almost  every  root,  herb,  or  extract,  found  in 
these  so-called  soft  drinks  is  described  as  a  drug 
in  the  pharmacopoeia,  the  official  standard  of 
drugs.  If  these  bodies  have  the  remedial  values 
assigned  to  them  they  should  not  be  given  pro- 
miscuously to  healthy  people.  Why  give  your 
child  an  extract  of  barks  and  roots  colored  with 
caramel,  many  of  them  having  medicinal  proper- 
ties, or  a  ginger  ale,  owing  its  pungency  chiefly  to 
capsicum,  or  a  sarsaparilla,  which  has  never  seen 
sarsaparilla,  but  is  made  from  wintergreen,  and 
sassafras,  and  colored  with  caramel,  when  you 
can  always  obtain  good  grape  juice,  true  ginger 

19 


20  1001    TESTS 


ales,  and  pure  fruit  juices  obtained  direct  from  the 
lime,  the  berry,  the  orange  or  lemon? 

The  question  of  the  presence  of  alcohol  in  grape 
juices  has  recently  been  raised.  There  is  rarely 
more  than  a  trace  of  alcohol  present,  and  this  only 
takes  place  when  the  grapes  have  been  held  over 
after  crushing  during  the  warm  season.  Under 
such  conditions  a  slight  fermentation  might  take 
place  producing  minute  amounts  of  alcohol. 
This  point  seems  negligible  and  certainly  could  not 
be  used  to  furnish  a  foundation  for  the  addition  of 
sugar  to  grape  juices,  since  this  practice  makes  it 
possible  to  use  inferior  and  half-ripened  grapes 
and  supply  artificial  sweetness  by  adding  sugar, 
giving  a  product  which  does  not  compare  with  that 
prepared  from  properly  ripened  grapes  alone. 

None  of  the  soft  drinks  given  in  the  disapproved 
class  is  especially  injurious  except  as  intimated 
above,  nor  do  they  contain  preservatives,  sac- 
charin, or  dangerous  coloring  materials  as  is 
sometimes  the  case.  It  is  merely  that  they  fail  in 
quality  and  are  for  that  reason  disapproved  as 
not  belonging  in  a  list  of  high  grade  products,  or 
are  of  secret  composition  and  as  such  unworthy  of 
patronage.  Some  of  the  manufacturers  have  un- 
doubtedly made  efforts  to  improve  their  product 
and  moderate  their  claims  especially  of  late  years. 


BEVERAGES  SI 

Upon  the  whole  the  '* habit  of  drinking/'  even  of  a 
preparation  of  roots  and  herbs,  is  not  one  to  be 
generally  commended.  At  least  every  parent  hav- 
ing at  heart  the  welfare  of  his  child  is  entitled  to 
know  what  that  child  drinks  when  he  patronizes 
the  soda  fountain  or  the  bottled  beverages. 

TESTED  SOFT  DRINKS,  TONICS  AND  MEDI- 
CATED BEVERAGES 

Anheuser-Busch  Brewing  Association,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

*  Malt  Nutrine.     {General  claims  as  to  tonic  and 

flesh  forming  results  permissible.  Statement 
that  it  is  non-intoxicating  is  modified  ty  the 
declaration  of  the  presence  of  1.9  per  cent,  of 
alcohol.  Is  non^intoxicating  when  taken  in 
medicinal  doses,  as  recommended  on  label.) 

Armour  Company,  Chicago,  Illinois. 

*  Grape  Juice. 

American  Fruit  Products  Company,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

*  Duffy's  Apple  'Juice. 

Brooke,  C.  M.,  and  Sons,  New  York  and  Melbourne. 
(D)  Lemos,  Brooke's.  (Apparently  a  mixture  of  lime 
and  lemon  pulp  and  juice,  sweetened,  colored 
with  Naptliol  Yellow  S  {a  permitted  coal  tar 
dye)  and  preserved  with  0.10  per  cent,  of 
benzoate  of  soda,  declared  on  the  label.  *'Use 
Lemos  instead  of   lemons  for  all  purposes,*' 


22  1001    TESTS 


li  is  not  a  wholesome  equivalent  for  pure  lemon 
juice  "by  any  means.) 

Cliquot  Club  Company,  Millis,  Mass. 
XN)  Celebrated  Cliquot  Club  Extra  Dry  Ginger  Ale. 
{Ginger  resins  and  ginger  oil  could  not  he  de- 
tected. Owes  pungency  mainly  to  capsicum; 
labeled  as  follows:  .  .  .  ''flavored  with  the 
finest  Jamaica  ginger  with  dashes  of  pure  fruit 
flavor  and  capsicum.'') 

Coca  Cola  Company,  Atlanta,  Georgia. 

(D)  Coca  Cola,  Bottled.  (A  beverage  sold  as  a  soft 
drink  containing  a  habit  forming  alkaloid,  caf- 
fein,  not  declared  in  any  way  and  which  may 
prove  injurious  to  health;  contains  also  a  little 
phosphoric  acid,  about  9  per  cent,  of  sugar,  and 
is  colored  with  caramel.) 

Coleman  and  Company,  Ltd.,  Norwich,  Eng. 

(D)  Wincamis.  {A  sweet  red  wine  containing  malt 
extract  and  extract  of  beef.  The  latter  has 
practically  no  food  value;  contains  18  per  cent. 
of  alcohol,  and  the  claims  that  it  is  ''a  nerve 
food  without  an  equal"  and  ''a  powerful  restor- 
ative and  vitalizer"  and  ''a  liqiiid  food"  are 
not  permissible,  as  it  is  merely  a  mild  stimu- 
lant and  tonic,  has  practically  no  nutri- 
tive value  and  is  not  a  "nerve  food"  at 
all.) 


BEVERAGES  23 

Evans*  Sons,  Lescher  and  Webb,  Ltd.,  London  and 
Liverpool. 

*  The  Montserrat  Lime-Fruit  Juice. 

Golden  Gate  Fruit  Company,  San  Gabriel  and  New 
York,  N.  Y. 
(D)  Orange  Ade.  (Citric  acid  substituted  in  whole 
or  in  part  for  orange  juice,  artificially  colored 
with  a  coal  tar  dye  and  preserved  with  sodium 
henzoate.    Notice  of  judgment  2864.) 

Hawaiian  Pineapple  Products  Company,  Honolulu. 

*  Dole's  Pure  Hawaiian  Pineapple  Juice. 
Hires,  Charles  E.,  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(N)  Hire's  Household  Extract.  (Is  true  to  label  be- 
ing made  from  a  mixture  of  many  different 
harks  and  roots,  such  as  juniper,  pipsisewa, 
spikenard,  etc.  Not  deemed  of  a  composition 
suitable  for  children's  use.  May  have  medicinal 
effect.) 
Hoff,  Johann,  agent,  Eisner  Mendelson  Company,  New 
York,  N.  Y. 
(D)  Johann  Hoff's  Extract.  (A  malt  extract  con- 
taining nearly  5  per  cent,  of  alcohol,  more  than 
many  beers,  with  92  per  cent,  of  volatile  mat- 
ter,  mostly  water,  and  only  8  per  cent,  of  nu- 
tritive solids.  Claims  that  it  is  ^^  recognized  by 
the  medical  faculty  as  an  ideal  food,*'  and  that 
it  is  an  ^'active  remedy  for  coughs,  colds,  sore 
throat,  bronchitis,  etc.,''  are  not  warranted  in 
any  way.) 


24  1001    TESTS 


Hygeia  Distilled  Water  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Hywaco  Ginger  Ale. 

*  Lemon  Soda. 

(D)  Hywaco  Sarsaparilla.  (Sweetened  water,  fla- 
vored with  sassafras  and  winter  green.  Not 
true  to  label  as  it  contains  no  sarsa/parilla.  An 
accepted  commercial  misbranding.  All  sarsor 
parillas  are  of  this  type.) 

Moxie  Company,  Boston  and  New  York. 

(D)  Moxie.  (Contains  a  little  oil  of  sassafras  and 
winter  green,  caramel,  sugar  and  a  trace  of  ex- 
tractives from  Peruvian  hark.  Former  extrav- 
agant tonic  claims  have  been  modified  but  are 
still  far  too  strong.  Harmless  but  of  practically 
no  tonic  value.) 

O.  T.  Limited,  London,  Blackfriars,  S.  E.,  Sydney  and 
Melbourne,  Australia. 
(D)  O.  T.  A  delicious  Drink, — A  Tonic.  A  Diges- 
tive. (Extravagant  tonic  and  digestive  claims 
for  a  product  containing  capsicum,  caramel  and 
flavoring  oUs.) 

Pepper,  Dr.,  Company,  Waco,  Texas. 

(D)  Dr.  Pepper  (King  of  Beverages).  (Makes  spe- 
cial merit  of  being  free  from  caffein,  and  co- 
cain.  Contains  benzaldehyde  and  caramel  col- 
oring, with  raspberry  flavor  and  a  trace  of  citric 
and  phosphoric  acid.) 


BEVERAGES  ^5 

Pierce,  S.  S.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Tally-Ho  Ginger  Ale. 

(D)  Tally-Ho    Sarsaparilla.     {See    Hygeia   Distilled 
Water  Company,  N.  Y.,  Hywaco  Sarsaparilla 
for  comments.) 
Puritan  Fruit  Products  Company,  Fredonia,  N.  Y. 

*  Red  Wing  Grape  Juice.     {Two  per  cent,  or  less 

of  sugar  added  declared  on  label;  should  he 
called  a  *^ sweetened  grape  juice";  addition  of 
dubious  necessity  or  desirability.) 

Rose,  L.,  and  Company,  Ltd.,  London. 

*  Rose's  Pure  West  Indian  Lime  Juice  unsweetened. 
Ross,  W.  A.,  and  Sons,  Ltd.,  Belfast,  Ireland. 

*  Ross's  Royal  Ginger  Ale. 

Schuyler,  A.  C,  333  West  36tli  Street,  New  York. 

*  Delatour  Ginger  Ale. 

Sheboygan  Mineral  Water  Company,  Sheboygan,  Wis. 
1^  Aromatic    Ginger    Ale.     {Not    ''chief    of    them 
all") 
Standard  Bottling  and  Extract  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Standard  Ginger  Ale. 

Welch  Grape  Juice  Company,  Westfield,  N.  Y. 

*  Grape  Juice. 

Wyeth,  John,  and  Brother,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(N")  Liquid  Malt  Extract.     {Alcohol  slightly  too  high 
(2.53  per  cent.),  as  much  as  a  light  beer.    Con- 


m  1001    TESTS 


tains,  however,  14  per  cent,  of  solids  and  the 
claims  are  only  slightly  exaggerated.  Its  spe- 
cial adaptahUity  for  nursing  mothers  and  con- 
sumptives is  over  stated.) 


m 

BISCXHTS,  CAKES,  ETC. 

THERE  is  but  little  criticism  to  be  made  con- 
cerning the  package  "crackers,'*  cakes,  bis- 
cuits, etc.  Usually  no  great  nutritive  claims  are 
made.  In  some  cases  extravagant  claims  are  made 
for  bran,  and  whole  wheat  products.  These  are  of 
value  in  preventing  constipation,  and  are  of  maxi- 
mum nutritive  value,  when  true  to  name.  Too 
often,  however,  the  products  are  bolted  and  the 
analysis  does  not  justify  the  claim  that  the  whole 
wheat,  including  the  bran,  was  used.  This  is  the 
case  with  the  Educator  products,  which  not  only 
show  by  their  nitrogen  and  ash  content  that  they 
are  not  made  of  true  whole  wheat,  but  rather  ex- 
travagant claims  are  made  for  their  efficiency. 
The  simple  patent  flour  biscuit  of  the  Loose- Wiles 
Company  is  a  perfectly  good  biscuit,  but  when  they 
claim  that  it  **  contains  aU  the  nutriment  of  the 
grain*'  and  **is  different  from  all  other  soda  crack- 
ers," etc.,  the  labeling  is  plainly  misleading. 

One  other  product  is  open  to  special  criticism, 
namely,  the  rusks  and  biscuits  of  the  Jireh  Dia- 

«7 


»8  1001    TESTS 


be  tic  Food  Company,  which  claim  to  **cure  consti- 
pation," '* provide  an  anti-acid  diet,"  and  to  be 
** especially  suitable  for  diabetics,"  when  they  con- 
tain about  47  per  cent,  of  starch,  or  more,  the 
"special  treatment"  being  of  dubious  value. 
Such  claims  in  combination  with  the  misleading 
N,  word  '^diatetic^'  garbled  from  the  two  words 
** dietetic"  and  "diabetic"  cannot  be  considered 
frank,  honest,  and  instructive  labeling,  and  would 
of  necessity  mislead  the  average  layman. 

The  main  objection  to  this  class  of  products,  if 
such  it  be,  is  that  the  consumer  pays  a  high  price 
for  the  sanitary  package.  Any  one  who  remem- 
bers the  pound  of  soda  biscuits  bought  in  bulk 
knows  that  he  is  getting  much  less,  due  allowance 
being  made  for  breakage,  when  he  buys  the  dozen 
or  so  prettily  packed  cakes  or  crackers  in  a  neat 
box.  The  public  seems  to  demand  such  goods, 
however,  and  except  on  the  score  of  economy,  a 
factor  in  the  problem  which  we  are  considering  in 
this  instance  only  in  extreme  cases,  the  output  is 
commendable. 

TESTED  BISCUITS,  CAKES,  ETC. 

(Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (^)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84  j  disapproved  products 
{D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 


BISCUITS,    CAKES,    ETC.  29 

Edwards,  Elinor  E.,  East  Orange,  N.  J. 

(N)  Edwards*  Bran  Cookies.  (Analysis  indicates  a 
hran  flour  rather  than  pure  "bran.  Claims  for 
efficiency  as  a  nutritive  laxative  largely  justi- 
fiable.) 

Holland  Rusk  Company,  Holland,  Michigan. 

(N)  Holland  Rusk.  {Label  misleading  as  to  origin. 
Not  the  original  *^ Holland  Busk'*;  made  in 
Holland,  Mich.  Not  the  *'most  practical  and 
economical  food  known.' ') 

Ivins',  J.  S.,  Sons,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Ivins'  Bonnie  Wafers. 

*  Ivins'  Lunch-on-Thin. 

Jireh  Diabetic  Food  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Jireh  Diatetic  Eusks.  (A  good  rusk,  high  in  ni- 
trogen and  mineral  ingredients,  but  not  *'a  cure 
for  constipation''  and  not  especially  adapted 
for  diabetics  as  claimed.) 

(D)  Jireh  Diatetic  Biscuits.  {Most  extravagant,  in- 
defensible, medicinal  claims;  contains  about  65 
per  cent,  of  starch  and  statement  is  made  that 
it  is  **a  food  remedy  for  diabetes,  indigestion, 
insomnia,  rheumatism,  bright' s  disease,  and  all 
forms  of  nervous  and  gastric  derangement.") 
Johnson  Educator  Food  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Educator  Gluten  Cookies.  {Just  within  standard 
limits  for  a  gluten  flour  (35.5  per  cent,  protein) . 
Following  claims  not  entirely  warranted :    ' '  Un- 


30  1001    TESTS 


equaled  for  those  who  are  restricted  to  a  gluten 
dief*  .  .  .  *'It  contains  a  minimum  of  starch 
and  a  high  proteid  content.^') 
"A"  Educator  Graham  Crackers.    Unsweetened. 

(N)  Educator  Oatmeal  Crackers.  {Nitrogen  and  min- 
eral ingredients  both  lower  than  in  average 
hulled  oats.  Contain  13  per  cent,  of  sugar 
which  should  he  declared  on  label.) 

(N)  Educator  Toasterettes.  {Weight  understated; 
formerly  11  to  14  ounces  was  claimed;  now  only 
9  ounces  are  claimed.  Hardly  a  satisfactory 
way  from  the  consumer's  point  of  view  of  cor- 
recting short  weight.  Nitrogen  and  mineral 
ingredients  both  too  low  for  a  true  '*  entire 
wheat''  cracker.) 

'(N)  Educator  Wafers.  {Weight  claim  lowered  to  8 
ounces  so  that  they  now  run  over  weight, 
though  were  formerly  short.  Analysis  does  not 
indicate  a  true  whole  wheat  product.  Nitro- 
gen content  is  fairly  good  but  the  mineral  in- 
gredients are  low,  indicating  that  bran  has  been 
removed.  These  products  are  good  but  claims 
are  unwarranted  and  the  price  per  pound  is 
high.) 

Loose- Wiles  Biscuit  Company,  666  Causeway  Street, 
Boston,  Mass. 
iic  Pakatin-Biscuit. 
*  Sunshine  Assorted  Biscuits. 


BISCUITS,    CAKES,    ETC.  31 

*  Sunshine  Citrus  Biscuits. 

*  Sunshine  Clover  Leaves — ^A  Sugar  wafer  confec- 

tion. 

ic  Sunshine  Dessert  Wafers. 

(N)  Sunshine  Graham  Crackers.  (Contain  about  20 
per  cent,  of  sugar,  not  declared;  should  he 
called  '* Sweetened  Graham  Crackers/^) 

iir  Sunshine  Philopena  Sugar  Almond. 

*  Sunshine  Petite  Beurre  Biscuits. 

*  Sunshine  Tan  San  Sugar  Wafers. 

*  Sunshine  Veroniques. 

*  Takoma  Biscuit.     (A  good  white  flour  "biscuit  of 

the  usuAil  composition  in  all  essentials.  Former 
excessive  claims  as  to  nutriment  have  been  with- 
drawn and  labeling  much  improved.  Not  **  en- 
tirely different  from  all  other  soda  crackers' '; 
difference  is  in  form  rather  than  in  composi- 
tion.) 
ir  Vienna  Sugar  Fingers.     {Why  Vienna?) 

National  Biscuit  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Adora. 

*  Arrowroot  Biscuit. 

*  Baronet  Biscuit. 

*  Cheese  Sandwich. 
"A:  Chocolate  Tokens. 

*  Chocolate  Wafers. 

*  Epic  Wafers. 

*  Festino  Almonds. 

*  Fig  Newtons. 


32  1001    TESTS 


*  Frotana — The  Fruit  Biscuit. 

(N)  Graham  Crackers.  (Contain  about  17  per  cent,  of 
sugar,  not  declared;  should  he  called  '^Siveet- 
ened  Graham  Crackers.' ') 

*  Lemon  Snaps. 

*  Nabisco. 

*  Old  Time  Sugar  Cookies. 

*  Royal  Lunch. 

*  Saltine  Biscuit. 

*  Social  Tea  Biscuit. 

*  Sponge  Lady  Fingers. 

*  Uneeda  Biscuit. 

*  Vanilla  Wafers. 

*  Water  Thin  Biscuit. 

*  Zu-Zu  Ginger  Snaps. 

Remmers,  B.,  and  Sans,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

"k  Gluten  Bread,  Diabetiker  loaves.  {Leavened  with 
hydrogen  peroxide  hut  none  found  in  the  fin- 
ished loaf;  carbohydrates  reduced  to  from  10  to 
15  per  cent.) 

(Note:  The  addition  of  large  amounts  of  sugar  to  graham 
crackers  (eaten  largely  by  children),  without  any  warning  on  the 
label,  seems  to  me  prejudicial  to  health.  It  not  only  tends  to 
produce  a  sugar  habit  but  unbalances  the  ration,  overemphasizing 
the  carbohydrates  and  minimizing  the  protein  and  mineral  ele- 
ments which  are  supposed  to  constitute  the  superiority  of  this 
special  product.  We  at  first  starred  these  biscuits,  calling  atten- 
tion to  their  real  composition,  and  hoping  that  a  change  would 
be  made  in  label  or  composition,  but  such  has  not  been  the  case.) 


iv: 

.  CANDIES 

THE  principal  adulterants  to  be  feared  in  con- 
fections have  been  snlpbites,  used  especially 
in  bleacMng  molasses,  saccharin  used  to  replace 
sugar,  metallic  substances  and  shellac  containing 
arsenic,  used  in  coating  and  giving  a  gloss, 
especially  to  the  cheap,  penny  candies  sold  to  chil- 
dren, artificial,  poisonous  colors,  and  the  substitu- 
tion of  the  cheap  glucose  made  from  starch,  for 
the  true  sugar  (sucrose)  of  which  candies  are  sup- 
posed to  be  made.  Glucose  may  be  used  almost 
entirely  to  supplant  sugar,  in  the  case  of  low  grade 
candies,  in  which  case  it  is  a  cheapener  (whatever 
may  be  thought  of  its  wholesomeness  and  rela- 
tive digestibility,  especially  for  children),  as  the 
price  is  much  less  than  that  of  sugar.  Moreover, 
the  child  will  eat  more  of  confections  made  of  glu- 
cose, as  they  are  less  sweet  and  this  again  I  con- 
sider undesirable.  The  glucose  may  be  used  hon- 
estly in  small  amounts  to  give  certain  physical 
characteristics,  especially  in  such  candies  as 
nougatines,  caramels,  etc.  Not  exceeding  15  to 
25  per  cent.,  according  to  the  kind  of  candy,  has 

33 


34  1001    TESTS 


been  disregarded,  it  being  considered  that  it  was 
employed  in  such  cases  without  fraudulent  intent. 
In  my  opinion,  however,  glucose  when  present  in  a 
candy  should  be  declared  on  the  label  and  I  hope 
to  see  the  day  when  it  will  be  replaced  by  invert 
sugar,  both  in  the  interests  of  dietetics  and  hon- 
esty. Sugar  is  more  apt  to  crystallize  and  to  melt 
than  is  glucose,  which  is  more  than  one-half  dextrin 
(a  non-sugar)  and  it  is  for  this  physical  effect  that 
the  candy-makers  desire  to  use  it.  If  manufac- 
turers would  plainly  label  all  mixed  products  with 
the  percentage  of  glucose  present  the  popular 
prejudice  against  glucose  based  on  its  extensive 
and  continued  use  under  no  name,  or  one  that 
gives  no  index  to  its  nature,  or  a  misleading  name, 
would  soon  disappear. 

Personally,  I  believe  that  candies  should  be 
given  very  sparingly  to  children,  because  of  the 
tendency  to  decrease  and  debase  the  natural  ap- 
petite, creating  a  longing  for  only  sweet  foods, 
which  increase  the  danger  of  digestive  disturb- 
ances. For  hard  working  men  and  women,  can- 
dies when  properly  used,  offer  a  valuable  addition 
to  the  diet.  Cake,  milk  chocolates,  plain  taffy  and 
mints,  the  hard  candies  like  stick  candy,  if  made 
from  pure  sugar,  and  fruit  flavors,  and  free  from 
artificial  coloring,  are  probably  as  healthy  and 


CANDIES 


nutritious  as  any  sweets  that  can  be  used,  espe- 
cially for  the  little  folks.  We  are  writing  for  the 
present  as  well  as  for  the  future.  We  realize  that 
candies  will  continue  to  be  used  in  large  quantities 
for  children  in  spite  of  the  sound  dietetic  objec- 
tions to  this  practice.  Our  present  purpose,  there- 
fore, is  to  emphasize  the  importance  of  the  use 
of  pure  constituents,  pure  sugar  and  honey,  in- 
vert sugar,  natural  coloring  matters  of  vegetable 
origin,  caramel  (burnt  sugar),  natural  flavors  de- 
rived chiefly  from  fruits,  clean  milk,  and  pure 
chocolate  all  manufactured  in  the  most  sanitary 
manner.  Too  long  keeping  should  also  be  avoided, 
dust  proof  containers  employed  and  the  products 
handled  in  the  most  cleanly  and  hygienic  manner 
possible. 

TESTED  CANDIES 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {"N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Aromint  Company,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

*  Aromints. 

Belle  Mead  Sweets,  Trenton,  N.  J. 

*  Belle  Mead  Sweets  Chocolate  Coated  Caramels. 

*  Old  Fashioned  Chocolate  Coated  Vanilla  Whipped 

Creams. 


36  1001    TESTS 


Bishop  and  Company,  Los  Angeles,  California. 

(N)  Calarab  Candy  Figs.     (50  per  cent,  sugar  and 
nearly  17  per  cent,  glucose.) 
Borden's  Condensed  Milk  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Milk  Chocolate. 

Foss,  H.  D.,  and  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 
(N)  Caramels.     (33  per  cent,  of  glucose.) 

*  Chocolate  Peppermints. 

*  Pony  Sticks. 

(N)  Quality  Liquid  Cream  Cherries.  (Cherries  col- 
ored with  erythrosine,  a  permitted  coal  tar 
dye.) 

Heide,  Henry,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Fine  Marshmallows.     (20  per  cent,  glucose.) 
Heller-Barnham  Company,  Hopewell,  N.  J. 

(N)  Hopewell    Dainties.     (20    per   cent,   glucose    in 
cream  fillings;  12  oz.  sold  for  1  lb.  (80  cents) ; 
good  quality  otherwise.) 
Hershey  Chocolate  Company,  Hershey,  Pa. 

*  Hershey 's  Sweet  Milk  Chocolate. 
Huyler's,  New  York  City. 

*  Bonbons. 

*  Caramels.     (24  per  cent,  glucose.)] 

*  Chocolates. 

*  Nugatines. 

*  Vanilla  Sweet  Chocolate. 


CANDIES  SI 


Johnston,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

(N)  Superfine  Caramels.     (51  per  cent,  glucose.) 
(N)  Swiss   Style   Milk   Chocolate   Creams.     (20   per 
cent,  glucose.) 

Loose- Wiles  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Nobility  Chocolates.     (19  per  cent,  of  glucose  in 
cream  filling,  price  $1.00  a  pound.) 
Lowney,  Walter  M.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Chocolate  Gems. 

*  Chocolate  Ice  Cream  Drops.     {Why  ice  cream f 

The  cream  filling  contained  12.5  per  cent,  of 
glucose.) 
if   Crest    Caramels,    Chocolate    Covered.     (19    per 
cent,  of  glucose;  good  quality  hut  glucose  con- 
tent slightly  high.) 

*  Crest   Nugatines — Chocolate    Covered.     (18   per 

cent,  glucose.) 

Maillard*s,  New  York. 

*  Bon  Bons. 

*  Caramels.     {Glucose  23  per  cent.) 

*  Chocolate  Creams. 

*  Nugatines. 

Manufacturing  Company  of  America,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  U- All-No  After  Dinner  Mint. 
Mayer,  Alfred,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Marmay  Crimped  Chocolates,  Nuts  and  Fruits. 


38  1001    TESTS 


National  Candy  Company. 

*  Skylark  Chocolates,  Seventeen  Varieties.     (11  per 

cent,  of  glucose.) 

*  Skylark  Milk  Chocolate  Creams.     (16  per  cent 

of  glucose.) 
New  England  Confectionery  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 
(N)  Pony  Sticks  Assorted.    Necco  Sweets.     (30  per 

cent,  of  glucose;  permitted  coal  tar  dyes.) 
Nunnally,  Atlanta,  Ga. 

*  Caracas   Chocolate  Creams.     (10  per  cent,   glu- 

cose; a  40  cent  candy,  good  quality  for  price.) 
(N)  Chocolate  Covered  Cordial  Cherries.     {Cherries 
colored  with  ponceau,  a  permitted  coal   tar 
dye.) 

Park  and  Tilford,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Bon  Bons. 

*  Caramels.     (22  per  cent,  of  glucose.) 

*  Chocolates. 

*  Nugatines. 

Peter  Cailler  Kohler  Swiss  Chocolates  Company,  Ful- 
ton, N.  Y. 
ir  Almond   Milk    Chocolate.     {Disparages    competi- 
tor's products  in  an  unwarranted  way.) 

*  Original  Sweet  Milk  Chocolate. 

*  Nestle 's  Hazel  Nut  Sweet  Milk  Chocolate. 

*  Nestle 's  Almond  Sweet  Milk  Chocolate. 
Powell's,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Kewpie  Kandies.     {Pure  sugar  candies,  only  vege- 

table colors  used.) 


CANDIES  39 


Rueckheim  Brothers  and  Eckstein,  Chicago,  Illinois. 
(N)  Angelus  Marshmallows.     {Contain  36  per  cent. 

glucose  hut  more  of  this  ingredient  is  said  to  he 

required  for  marshmallows  than  for  most  other 

types  of  candies.) 
'k    Chocolate  Marshmallows,  Angelus.     (19  per  cent. 

of  glucose  and  54  per  cent,  of  sucrose.    Hardly 

'*A  message  of  purity,"  though  they  are  very 

good  marshmallows.) 
if   Nut  Cracker  Jack,  The  Famous  Confection.     (17 

per  cent,  of  glucose.) 

Schrafft's,  New  York. 
ic  Bonbons. 

(N)  Caramels.     {Glucose  28  per  cent.) 
'k  Chocolate  Creams. 

Suchard,  Neuchatel,  Switzerland,  London,  Eng. 

*  Chocolate   (Chocolat  sans  suere).     {An  unmixed 

chocolate  of  high  grade  containing  53  per  cent, 
of  cocoa  fat.) 

United  Berne  Zurich  Chocolat  Manufacturing  Com- 
panies, Switzerland. 
it  Chocolat    Lindt.     {A    typical    sweet    chocolate, 
should  he  so  labeled;  contains  31  per  cent,  of 
fat  and  47  per  cent,  of  sugar.) 

Wadsworth  Chocolate  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

*  "Wadsworth  ^s  Sweets,  Mints. 


40  1001    TESTS 


Whitman,   Stephen  F.,  and  Son,  Inc.,  411-421  Race 
Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Chocolate  Elite  Cream.     (Glucose  12  per  cent.) 

*  Chocolate  Covered  Liquid  Cherries. 

*  Super  Extra  Chocolate  Covered  Caramels.     (Glu- 

cose 20  per  cent.) 
Wilbur,  H.  O.,  and  Sons,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

i^  Wilbur's  Vanilla  Chocolate  Buds.     (Extravagant 
praise  of  flavor  and  general  excellence,) 


V 

CANNED  GOODS  ^ 

THEEE  are  many  popular  fallacies  and  rumors 
afloat  regarding  this  class  of  food  materials. 
The  name  itself  is  unfortunate.  Canned  goods, 
strictly  speaking,  include  foods  which  are  steril- 
ized by  heat  only  and  kept  in  air  tight  containers, 
whether  they  be  tin  cans  or  glass  jars.  For  this 
reason,  only  fruits,  milks,  vegetables,  and  soups 
with  their  related  products  are  treated  in  this 
section. 

Many  confuse  canned  goods  with  preserves, 
which  represent  quite  a  different  class  of  products 
such  as  jams,  jellies,  fruit  syrups  and  catsups,  all 
of  which  are  combined  with  sugar  and  other  condi- 
ments or  are  otherwise  compounded.  The  time 
was  when  peas  were  colored  with  copper,  green 
corn  was  sweetened  with  saccharin,  and  preserv- 
atives of  various  kinds,  salicylic,  benzoicj  sulphur- 
ous acids,  and  borax  were  used  to  aid  the  keeping 
process.  These  evil  practices  have  disappeared  in 
the  case  of  true  canned  goods.  Benzoate,  borax 
and  saccharin  and  copper  sulphate  are  tabooed. 

1  For  canned  and  dried  fish,  and  meats,  see  pages  122  and  150. 
41 


42  1001    TESTS 


The  main  points  to  be  considered  are  the  quality 
of  the  raw  materials,  the  sanitary  conditions  of 
manufacture,  full  weight  and  measure,  and  the 
^  possible  presence  of  tin,  dissolved  from  the  con- 
tainer. On  the  first  two  points,  chemical  analysis 
cannot  throw  much  light.  We  can  only  base  our 
opinion  upon  inspection,  taste,  and  general  knowl- 
edge of  the  standing  of  the  firm  concerned. 

Net  weight  will  soon  be  stated  on  all  cans  under 
the  law,  and  in  this  connection  a  slack  fill  must  also 
be  considered,  as  obviously  a  can  of  tomatoes  that 
weighs  two  pounds,  but  is  largely  water,  is  not  so 
good  as  one  that  is  a  little  under  weight,  but  con- 
tains more  solids.  Variations  in  weight  will 
occur  in  the  output  from  the  same  factory,  and 
therefore  the  examination  of  a  few  samples  may 
be  misleading.  "We  are  reporting,  therefore,  the 
data  obtained  on  the  goods  examined,  for  what 
they  are  worth,  and  as  a  general  guide  to  the 
quality  of  the  output  of  the  several  manufacturers 
named.  Three  hundred  milligrams  of  tin  per 
kilo  (5  grains  in  2.2  lbs.)  are  tolerated  by  official 
regulation.  We  have  not  starred  any  product 
which  contained  200  milligrams  or  over,  and  in 
most  cases  only  very  small  amounts  are  present. 
Certain  vegetables,  such  as  asparagus,  act  upon 
^  the  container  to  a  greater  extent  than  others  and 


CANNED    GOODS  43 

will  always  be  higher  in  tin.  For  some  vegetables, 
lacquered  cans  are  nsed.  Beets,  especially,  are 
put  up  in  this  way;  whereas  in  other  cases  (beans 
and  asparagus),  the  lacquer  seems  to  affect  the 
flavor  of  the  product  and  cannot  so  well  be  used. 

The  National  Canner's  Association  has  a 
central  laboratory,  whose  work  is  conducted  by 
chemists  and  bacteriologists  formerly  connected 
with  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  and  every  effort 
is  making  to  solve  these  problems  in  the  canning 
industry  as  rapidly  as  possible,  with  a  view  es- 
pecially to  the  elimination  of  tin  salts.  Plainly, 
it  is  with  minor  evils  that  we  have  to  do  in  the  can- 
ning trade. 

While  I  cannot  agree  with  those  who  hold  that 
canned  goods  are  better  than  fresh,  the  addition  of 
wholesome  canned  fruits  and  vegetables  to  the 
dietary  in  Winter,  and  for  the  use  of  those  who  are 
of  necessity  cut  off  from  a  fresh  supply,  is  a 
blessing  of  incalculable  value  and  only  attended 
by  a  minimum  of  danger.  In  my  opinion,  it  would 
be  a  great  step  forward  if  the  package  should 
carry  not  only  the  net  weight,  but  also  the  date 
of.  manufacture,  so  that  goods  could  not  be  held 
too  long  on  the  grocer's  shelves.  This  is  es- 
pecially true  in  the  case  of  condensed  milk,  and 
such  vegetables  as  asparagus,  fish  products,  ber- 


44  1001    TESTS 


ries,  etc.,  some  of  which  are  especially  apt  to  attack 
the  inner  surface  of  the  container. 

Another  difficulty  in  passing  upon  the  output  of 
canned  goods  is  that  many  of  them  are  put  up  in 
plain  cans  and  handled  by  jobbers  under  their 
own  names,  so  that  one  cannot  be  sure  that  the 
supply  of  any  particular  distributor  will  be  uni- 
form. The  terms  used  to  express  different 
grades  of  canned  goods  mean  but  little  to  the  can- 
ners  and  less  to  the  consumer.  The  simplifica- 
tion of  the  label  in  this  regard,  the  abandonment 
of  such  meaningless  terms  as  **  Superfine, '* 
'^ Extra  Quality,"  "Early  June,  Extra  Sifted,'* 
etc.,  and  the  presence  of  the  date,  the  name  of  the 
manufacturer  and  the  true  net-weight  on  each  can, 
would  be  a  boon  to  the  housekeeper  and  enable 
her  to  buy  more  intelligently  and  permit  of  a 
more  accurate  estimate  of  the  various  grades  and 
brands  in  relation  to  their  price. 

Notwithstanding  these  criticisms,  which  are 
largely  matters  of  labeling  and  distribution,  the 
canned  goods  supply  can  be  given  as  large  a 
measure  of  approval  as  could  be  accorded  to  any 
single  class  of  food  products.  Increasing  confi- 
dence of  the  people  in  the  quality  of  these  steri- 
lized products  since  the  great  body  of  manufac- 
turers have  become  affiliated  in  a  National  As- 


CANNED    GOODS  45 

sociation  pledged  to  purity,  wholesomeness,  and 
honesty  of  its  products  is  strengthening  the  com- 
mercial side  of  the  canning  industry  and  pro- 
moting the  efforts  of  food  officials  and  hygienists 
who  are  striving  for  the  highest  ideals  in  food 
production. 

FRUITS  (SEE  ALSO  DRIED  FRUITS) 
{Starred  products  (•)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;   (2V)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;    disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

TESTED  FRUITS 
Boyle,  John,  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 

(N)  Strawberries,  Victory  Brand.  {A  plain  can  {not 
lacquered) ,  artificial  color  claimed,  hut  none  de- 
tected. The  proportion  of  liquid  solids  was  too 
high,  though  the  whole  can  was  over  weight.) 

California  Fruit  Canner's  Association,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  {Packed  for  Park  and  Tilford,  New  York 
City.) 

*  Apricots,  Del  Monte  Brand  Extra  Quality. 

*  Cherries,  Royal  Anne,  Del  Monte  Brand,  Extra 

Quality. 

*  Hawaiian  Pineapple,  Gold  Leaf  Extra,  Sliced. 

*  Logan  Berries,  Del  Monte  Brand  Extra  Quality. 

*  Peaches,  Lemon  Cling,  Del  Monte  Brand,  Extra 

Quality. 


46  1001    TESTS 


*  Peaches,  Yellow  Free,  Del  Monte  Brand  Extra 

Quality. 

"A"  Pears,  Bartlett,  Del  Monte  Brand  Extra  Quality. 

"A-  Plums,  Egg,  Del  Monte  Brand  Extra  Quality. 

it  Plums,  Green  Gage,  Del  Monte  Brand  Extra  Qual- 
ity. 
Cobb  Preserving  Company,  Fairport,  N.  Y. 

'tAt  "White  Cherries,  Navy  Brand.  {Amount  of  liquid 
slightly  high  in  proportion  to  the  fruit — 50  per 
cent,  of  each.    The  can  was  over  weight.) 

Davies,  K.  M.,  and  Company,  "Williamson,  N.  Y. 

^  Red  Raspberries,  Williamson  Brand.  {Liquid 
rather  high  in  proportion  to  fruit  (63  per  cent, 
of  juice),  total  weight  very  good.) 

Griffith-Durney  Company,  San  Francisco,  Calif. 

*  Apricots,  California,  Troubadour  Brand. 

*  Bartlett  Pears,  California,  Troubadour  Brand. 
"A  Cherries,  Royal  Anne,  Troubadour  Brand. 

*  Plums,  Egg,  California,  Troubadour  Brand. 
-k  Plums,  Green  Gage,  Troubadour  Brand. 

Hawaiian  Pineapple  Company,  Honolulu. 

if  Hawaiian     Sliced    Pineapple,    Paradise    Island 
Brand. 
Hunt  Brothers,  Haywood,  CaL 

*  Apricots. 

*  Bartlett  Pears. 

*  Cherries,  RoyaL 

*  Peaches. 


CANNED    GOODS  47 

Lanning  and  Son,  William,  Bridgeton,  N.  J. 

*  Blackberries  in  Syrup,  Silver  Lake  Brand. 

*  Pears,  Silver  Lake  Brand. 

Leggett,  Francis  H.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

i<  Premier  Strained  Cranberry  Sauce. 
Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  III. 

*  Bartlett  Pears. 

*  Extra  Lemon  Cling  Peaches. 

*  Sliced  Hawaiian  Pineapple. 


MILK  PRODUCTS,  INFANT'S  FOODS,  ETC. 

It  often  happens  that  infants  are  deprived  of 
their  natural  diet,  i.e.,  the  milk  of  a  healthy  mother. 
There  are  also  sometimes  derangements  of  nutri- 
tion in  which  case  the  child  does  not  assimilate 
normal  food.  To  meet  these  conditions  manufac- 
turers and  physicians  have  endeavored  to  supply 
nutritious  substitutes  for  the  child  ^s  natural  diet. 
It  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that  none  of  these 
efforts  have  met  with  complete  success.  There 
is  no  so-called  commercial  ''infant's  food,''  that 
can  be  recommended  for  general  use.  The  anx- 
ious mother  vainly  turns  from  one  vaunted  prepa- 
ration to  another  to  avoid  diarrhea,  or  check  the 
loss  of  weight  of  a  wasting  child.  Most  of  the 
makers  of  infant  foods  recognize  the  fact  that  pure 
milk,  scientifically  modified,  is  the  best  substitute 
for  mother's  milk.  The  milk  of  the  Holstein  cow 
is  said  to  be  particularly  adapted  to  infant  feed- 
ing, by  reason  of  its  relatively  lower  content  of 
fat,  and  the  smaller  size  of  the  fat  globules,  re- 
sembling human  milk  more  nearly  in  these  par- 
ticulars. Goat's  milk,  unfortunately  not  utilized 
in  this  country,  is  probably  better  adapted  to  the 

48 


CANNED    GOODS  49 

infant's  use  than  cow's  milk,  and  the  animal  itself  Z' 
is  less  prone  to  tuberculosis. 

The  wise  physician,  guided  by  the  principles  of 
scientific  dietetics,  will  endeavor  by  slight  modifica- 
tions of  pure,  clean,  fresh  milk,  from  healthy  ani- 
mals (usually  effected  by  varying  degrees  of  dilu- 
tion, and  the  addition  of  milk  sugar  and  lime  water  ^ 
and  sometimes  barley  water),  to  determine  the 
diet  best  suited  to  the  particular  case.  A  large 
percentage  of  the  conunercial  infants'  foods  are 
offered,  not  as  complete  foods,  but  as  milk  modi- 
fiers. One  of  the  virtues  urged  in  their  behalf  is 
the  substitution  of  sugar  and  dextrin  (made  by 
the  action  of  enzymes  on  starch  obtained  from 
cereal  products)  for  the  natural  milk  sugar  or 
lactose.  It  is  difficult  to  believe  that  nature  has 
made  a  mistake  in  placing  lactose  instead  of  su- 
crose, maltose  or  dextrin,  in  the  milk  of  the  mam- 
mals. That  infants  often  thrive  on  these  substi- 
tute sugars  is  an  evidence  of  the  ability  even  of 
the  babe  to  tolerate  a  strange  environment  rather 
than  a  proof  of  the  waywardness  of  nature.  It 
is  more  logical  to  believe  that  lactose,  the  natural  .^ 
milk  sugar  of  little  sweetness,  is  not  only  the  nor- 
mal, but  also  the  best  carbohydrate  for  the  baby. 

The  infant's  foods  of  commerce  may  be  divided 
into  the  following  general  classes : 


50  1001    TESTS 


1.  Milk  products  (including  condensed  milk, 
sweetened  or  unsweetened,  tlie  latter  being  known 
as  ** evaporated*'  milk  and  dried  milks). 

2.  Malted  cereals. 

3.  Mixtures  of  malted  cereals,  with  milk,  im- 
properly called  ** malted  milks.'' 

4.  Mixtures  of  sugar,  malt,  dextrose,  dextrin, 
eggs,  etc. 

The  condensed  milks  are  not  offered  exclusively 
for  infant's  foods,  but  for  general  nutrition,  and 
as  a  food  for  grown  people,  for  use  in  coffee,  for 
convenience  in  traveling,  camping,  etc.,  and  for 
general  use  when  fresh  milk  is  not  available  or  is 
under  suspicion,  they  afford  a  most  valuable  sub- 
stitute. Nearly  all  labels  and  advertisements, 
however,  commend  them  for  infant  feeding. 
Sweetened  condensed  milk,  consisting  as  it  does, 
largely  of  sugar  (often  over  40  per  cent.)  should 
never  be  used  for  infant  feeding.  This  amount  of 
sugar  unbalances  the  ration,  increasing  enor- 
mously the  proportion  of  carbohydrates  and  thus 
tends  to  derange  digestion  and  promote  the  undue 
formation  of  fat,  mistakenly  hailed  by  the  mother 
as  an  indication  of  healthy  nutrition.  Growth, 
firmness  of  flesh,  color  and  animation  are  much 
surer  signs   of  successful  feeding   than  is   the 


CANNED    GOODS  51 

** creased  plumpness,"  so  lauded  by  venders  of  in- 
fant foods. 

When  traveling,  or  if  a  pure  whole  milk  cannot 
be  secured,  or  in  hot  climates  where  refrigerating 
facilities  are  limited,  the  unsweetened  condensed 
milk,  sometimes  called  **  evaporated  milk"  may- 
afford  the  second  best  choice.  By  reason  of  the 
high  temperatures  required  to  sterilize  and  eon- 
dense  the  product,  such  milk  undergoes  marked 
changes  of  character,  which  many  medical  authori- 
ties consider  affect  its  nutritive  properties  for  in- 
fants, the  mineral  ingredients  especially  being  less 
easily  assimilated.  Though  this  evidence  is  ques- 
tioned by  some,  it  is  well  to  be  on  the  safe  side,  and 
while  many  infants  thrive  on  a  diet  of  condensed 
milk  others  so  fed  have  suffered  from  rickets  and 
other  diseases  of  deranged  assimilation. 

Condensed  milks  are  properly  made  from  the 
pure,  clean,  fresh  milk  of  healthy  cows.  Prac- 
tically much  of  it  is  made  of  milk  from  very  un- 
sanitary cows,  and  handled  in  unsanitary  dairies. 
There  is  no  reason  to  believe  that  the  milk  in  many 
of  the  dairies  is  better  than  some  of  that  sold  in  its 
natural  state.  The  evaporated  product,  however, 
has  the  distinct  advantage  over  ordinary  market 
milk,  in  so  far  as  diseased  germs  and  dirt  are  con- 


52  1001    TESTS 


cerned,  that  it  is  strained  and  sterilized  in  the  con- 
densaries;  the  sweetened  product  is  not  sterile. 

According  to  the  official  standards,  condensed 
milk  contains  not  less  than  28  per  cent,  of  solids 
and  of  these  7.7  per  cent,  is  fat.  Subsequent  un- 
warranted modification  of  the  standard  required 
that  the  sum  of  total  solids  and  fat  should  be  34.3 
per  cent.,  of  which  7.8  should  be  fat.  Many  of  the 
condensed  milks  on  the  market  fell  even  below 
this.  But  although  these  standards  represented 
minimum  requirements  for  total  solids  and  fat, 
there  has  been  a  long  continued  attempt  on  the 
part  of  many  manufacturers  to  have  them  lowered 
still  further.  Success  has  crowned  their  efforts 
and  the  last  Decision  (No.  158)  issued  April  2, 
1915,  calls  for  only  25.5  per  cent,  of  total  solids  I 
The  claim  has  been  persistently  made  that  it  was 
impracticable  to  condense  milks  to  the  degree 
first  required,  namely,  28  per  cent,  of  solids,  by 
reason  of  the  fact  that  the  organic  salts  present  in 
milk,  mostly  compounds  with  citric  acid,  would 
crystallize  out  and  form  a  sandy,  gritty  deposit 
objectionable  to  the  consumer.  Also  the  argument 
is  made  that  when  condensed  milks  are  made  from 
whole  milk  containing  4  per  cent,  of  fat  (although 
this  is  about  the  general  average)  the  required  to- 
tal solids  should  be  lower,  since  it  is  claimed  to  be 


CANNED    GOODS  53 

difiScult  to  keep  the  '* excessive  quantity"  of  fat 
from  separating  and  forming  a  kind  of  thick 
cream.  In  my  opinion  both  of  these  contentions 
are  without  foundation,  and  this  view  is  borne  out 
by  the  sample  of  the  imported  evaporated  milk 
which  we  have  examined,  which  contains  about 
one-third  more  total  solids  and  fat  than  is  required 
by  the  minimum  standards  of  this  country.  If  a 
manufacturer  in  Switzerland  can  produce  a  very 
satisfactory  product  containing  over  33  per  cent, 
of  solids  and  91/^  per  cent,  of  fat,  an  American 
manufacturer  should  not  grumble  because  he  is  re- 
quired to  have  28  per  cent,  of  solids  and  about  7.7 
per  cent,  of  fat.  Moreover,  the  physical  appear- 
ance of  the  imported  sample  was  most  excellent, 
being  soft,  creamy,  devoid  of  grit,  and  showing  no 
evidences  of  the  separation  of  fat.  It  is  more 
probable  that  the  separation  referred  to  is  due  to 
long  keeping,  and  not  to  an  excessive  condensation. 
Evaporated  milks  should  be  distributed  in  such  a 
manner  that  they  will  not  remain  too  long  upon 
the  shelves  of  the  dealers. 

Skimmed  milk  cannot  be  advised  for  infants, 
and  evaporated  milks,  especially  milks  recom- 
mended for  infant  feeding,  should  be  held  strictly 
up  to  the  standard  for  total  solids  and  fat.    Dried 


64  1001    TESTS 


milk  or  milk  powder  differs  from  condensed  milk  in 
being  almost  free  from  moisture.  It  has  all  the 
faults  and  virtues  of  condensed  milk  and  may  serve 
a  most  useful  purpose  when  the  fresh  product  can- 
not be  obtained. 

When  cereals,  wheat,  rye,  barley,  etc.,  are  finely 
ground  and  made  into  a  paste  by  the  admixture  of 
water  at  a  high  temperature,  they  are  readily  acted 
on  by  malt  which  renders  the  starch  soluble,  chang- 
ing it  into  sugars  (maltose  and  dextrose),  and  into 
dextrin.  The  infant  utilizes  starch  only  with  diffi- 
culty and  this  process  makes  it  more  easily  di- 
gestible. No  normal  infant  at  its  mother 's  breast, 
however,  requires  food  of  this  kind.  Nature  is 
the  safest  guide,  and  if  such  preparations  have  any 
value,  it  is  only  in  abnormal  conditions.  The  use 
of  simply  modified  milk,  as  previously  described, 
up  to  the  sixth  month,  and  the  gradual  introduction 
of  cereal  gruels,  fruit  juices,  etc.,  after  that  time 
is  in  general  a  procedure  to  be  preferred  to  the  use 
of  so-called  ** infants'  foods.'' 

Malted  milks  represent  a  large  class  of  mis- 
branded  products,  consisting  really  of  a  certain 
amount  of  milk  mixed  with  malted  cereals,  the  lat- 
ter usually  forming  the  principal  part  of  the 
product.  They  are  nutritious  and  convenient 
materials  for  grown  persons,  and  some  invalids, 


CANNED    GOODS  55 

but  are  too  high  in  carbohydrates  (starches,  and 
sugars)  foreign  to  an  infant's  natural  food  to  be 
especially  adapted  to  this  purpose.  Often  the  per- 
centage of  fat  is  so  low  as  to  indicate  that  even  the 
small  amount  of  milk  present  was  skimmed  milk. 
Special  comment  on  the  samples  of  these  classes 
of  infant's  foods  examined  will  be  found  in  connec- 
tion with  the  respective  products. 

TESTED  MILK  PRODUCTS,  INFANT'S  FOODS, 
ETC. 

{Starred  products  {*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
{D)y  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

American  Druggist's  Syndicate. 

(N)  A.  D.  S.  Malted  Milk.  (A  good  malted  milk  hut 
extravagant  claims  as  to  quality  and  being  *'The 
test  of  all  foods  for  infants  and  invalids*'  are 
unwarranted.) 

Aurora  Condensed  Milk  Company,  Rotterdam,  Holland. 

*  Sweetened     Condensed     milk.     (Most     excellent 

product,  about  %  higher  in  milk  solids  and  fat 
thorn,  the  American  output.) 

Berna  Milk  Company,  Thoune,  Switzerland. 

*  Condensed    Swiss   Milk,    sweetened    with    sugar. 

(About  %  higher  in  milk  solids  and  fat  than 
the    American    samples.    Claim    *^ Absolutely 


66  1001    TESTS 


Pure'*  and  directions  for  infant  feeding,  oh' 
jectionahle,  hut  product  is  not  especially  rec- 
ommended for  this  purpose.) 

\  Bernese  Alps  Milk  Company,  Switzerland. 

if  Evaporated  unsweetened  Swiss  milk.  (A  most 
excellent  product,  fully  %  higher  in  solids  and 
fat  than  our  test  American  products.  Claim 
**Can  he  used  as  an  excellent  cream''  oh  jection- 
ahle, as  it  has  only  half  the  hutter  fat  of  a  true 
cream.) 

Borden's  Condensed  Milk  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Condensed  Milk,  The  Gail  Borden  Eagle  Brand. 
{A  most  excellent  sweetened  milk  for  general 
use;  not  starred  solely  hecause  of  extravagant 
claims  for  its  special  suitahility  for  infants' 
feeding,  for  which  use  it  is  deemed  most  oh- 
jectionable,  as  it  contains  over  40  per  cent,  of 
sucrose,  an  element  not  found  at  all  in  the  in- 
fants' normal  food.) 
\         *  Evaporated  Milk,  Borden's  Peerless  (pound  cans). 

(N)  Evaporated  Milk,  Borden's  Peerless  (six  ounce 
can).  {The  large  cans  were  of  excellent  com- 
position, hut  two  samples  of  the  small  cans, 
same  hrand,  were  low  hoth  in  solids  and  fat. 
May  have  heen  accidental.) 

*  Evaporated  Milk,  Unsweetened,  St.  Charles  Brand. 

*  Malted   Milk,   Borden's.     {A  whole  milk   mixed 

with  malted  cereals;  an  excellent  and  nutritious 


CANNED    GOODS  57 

food  for  adults  hut  not  suitable  for  infant  feed- 
ing in  general  as  claimed,  and  not  approved 
for  this  purpose.  Much  less  ohjectionable  than 
the  sweetened  condensed  milk  for  this  pur- 

0 


Denmark  Condensed  Milk  Company,  Denmark,  Wis. 
(N)  Danish  Prize  Evaporated  Milk.     {Not  sufficiently 
condensed.    Exaggerated  claims  made  for  qual- 
ity.   It   is   not    the   ^'leading   brand    of   the 
world/') 

Helvetia  Milk  Condensing  Company,  Highland,  111. 
X      *  Our  Pet  Brand  Unsweetened,  Sterilized,  Evapo- 
rated Milk. 

Hires  Condensed  Milk  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
(N)  Hires  Condensed  Milk.  (Milk  sufficiently  con- 
densed, hut  either  a  product  low  in  fat  was  used 
or  it  was  partly  skimmed;  should  he  labeled 
^* Sweetened,' '  contains  about  45  per  cent,  of 
sugar.) 

Horlick*s  Malted  Milk  Company,  Racine,  Wis. 
•  Horlick's  Malted  Milk.     (See  Borden's.) 

Imperial  Granum  Company,  New  Haven,  Connecticut. 
(D)  Imperial  Granum — The  Great  Prepared  Food. 
(Practically  a  partially  roasted  flour.  Exag- 
gerated claims  as  to  its  value  as  a  food  for  in- 
fants and  invalids.  Especially  does  it  contain 
too  much  starch  for  an  infant's  food.) 


58  1001    TESTS 


Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  Illinois. 

*  Condensed  Milk,  Sweetened.     (Contains  about  44 

per  cent,  of  sucrose.  No  reference  found  to  in- 
fant feeding.) 

*  Evaporated    Milk,    Sterilized,    Unsweetened.     {A 

good  whole  milk,  condensation  complies  with 
present  standard.  Six  samples  averaged  7.7  per 
cent,  of  fat  (7.8  required)  and  about  26  of  sol- 
ids.) 

Mead,  Johnson  and  Company,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

(N)  Mead's  Dextri-Maltose — Malt  Sugar.  (Essen- 
tially a  mixture  of  dextrin  and  maltose,  pre- 
pared hy  enzymic  action,  not  considered  a  de- 
sirable substitute  for  lactose  in  modifying  mUk 
for  infant  feeding  in  normal  conditions.) 

Mellin*s  Food  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Mellin's  Food.  (A  dried  malt  extract  from  wheat 
and  barley,  mostly  maltose  vnth  some  dextrin. 
Superior  to  some  infant's  foods,  in  that  it  does 
not  contain  starch,  but  it  is  not  a  ''true  substi- 
tute for  mother's  milk,''  even  when  combined 
with  milk  as  recommended.) 

Merrell  Soule  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Klim.  (This  is  really  a  dried  skimmed  milk  for 
cooking  purposes,  contains  only  0.21  per  cent, 
of  fat,  while  a  similar  whole  milk  preparation 
would  contain  30  per  cent.  This  is  milk  spelled 
backwards  in  more  ways  than  one;  claim  ''For 


CANNED    GOODS  59 

all  cooking  where  milk  is  needed'^  not  war- 
ranted.) 

Mohawk  Condensed  Milk  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Sweet  Clover  Brand,  Sweetened  Condensed  Milk. 
{A  good  product  containing  standard  amounts 
of  fat  and  solids  but  is  nearly  half  sucrose 
and  still  claims  to  he  the  *'most  perfect  sub- 
stitute for  mother's  milk/'  which  contains 
none.) 

Nestle,  Henri,  99  Chambers  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Nestle 's  Food.     {Contains  some  starch  but  has  a 
good  content  of  fat,  protein  and  soluble  carbo- 
hydrates.   Not  a  *^ perfect  nutriment  for  in- 
fants'* as  claimed.) 

Pacific  Coast  Condensed  Milk  Company,  Seattle,  Wash. 

*  Carnation    Brand    Sterilized    Evaporated    Milk. 

(Made  of  whole  milk  and  sufficiently  condensed 
under  present  standards,  with  a  good  fat  content. 
Extravagant  claims  as  to  quality.) 

Patch,  The  E.  L.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Patch's  Powdered  Sugar  of  Milk.     {A  pure  lactose 

or  milk  sugar  for  modifying  the  milk  for  feed- 
ing of  infants.) 

Smith,  Kline  and  French,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(N)  Eskay's  Albumenized  Food.  (Contains  too  much 
starch  to  be  used  for  an  infant's  food.  Claim 
that  it  is  ^'albumenized,"  and  is  the  *'most  nu- 


60  1001    TESTS 


'         iriiious,  most  palatable  food  upon  the  market/^ 
not  warranted  as  protein  is  low.) 

Thompson's  Malted  Food  Co.,  Waukesha,  Wis. 

(N)  Thompson's  Food  Peptonized.  {Compares  well 
with  other  prepared  hdby  foods  but  is  not  a 
*Hrue  substitute  for  mother's  miW  nor  are  the 
elements  present  ''in  almost  like  proportions.*' 
Much  less  fat  and  much  more  carbohydrates  than 
in  milk.) 

(N)  Thompson's  Hemo.  {Special  claims  not  war- 
ranted by  composition.  A  good  malted  milk 
product  but  no  more  protein  found  than  in  a 
straight  malted  milk  despite  claims  as  to  ''beef 
peptones.''  Amounts  of  iron  and  hemo-globin 
indicated  also  extremely  small.  There  are  no 
"blood  building"  and  "nerve  restoring"  foods 
as  such.) 

(N)  Thompson's  Malted  Milk.  {Lower  in  protein  than 
other  good  malted  milks  though  "double  malt- 
ing" is  claimed.  Not  superior  to  other  brands 
and  not  to  be  chosen  for  infamt  feeding  under 
normal  conditions.) 

Van  Camp  Packing  Company,  The,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
i^  Evaporated  Milk,  Sterilized,  uncolored,  unsweet- 
ened.    {Not  "a  perfect  food  for  infants"  as 
claimed.) 


SOUPS,  EXTRACTS,  BOUILLON  CUBES,  ETC. 

No  soups  are  high  in  nutritive  value  as  they  con- 
tain so  large  a  percentage  of  water,  but  they  have  a 
dietetic  value  notwithstanding.  The  soups  ap- 
proved by  chemical  analysis,  odor,  flavor  and  con- 
dition of  the  can  gave  evidence  of  having  been 
prepared  in  a  sanitary  way  from  good  materials, 
but  the  highest  rating  was  not  accorded  these 
products  because  it  is  impossible  to  determine  defi- 
nitely from  such  inspection  the  quality  of  the  raw 
materials  used. 

The  meat  extracts  and  bouillon  cubes  have  been 
included  in  connection  with  the  soups,  for  con- 
venience, though,  of  course,  they  are  not,  strictly 
speaking,  canned  goods.  It  cannot  be  too  often 
repeated  that  neither  a  meat  extract  nor  a  beef 
cube  represents  concentrated  nourishment.  On 
the  contrary,  the  bouillon  cubes  especially  contain 
large  amounts  of  salt  and  the  nitrogenous  princi- 
ples present  are  stimulative  rather  than  nutritious. 
For  flavoring  a  cup  of  hot  water,  to  take  the  place 
of  a  clear  consomme,  or  to  be  used  in  the  kitchen 
for  flavoring  purposes,  they  are  useful  and  con- 

61 


62  1001    TESTS 


venient.  They  should  never  be  depended  upon  for 
a  child's  luncheon  or  for  nourishment  for  an  in- 
valid. 

TESTED  SOUPS,  EXTRACTS,  BOUILLON 
CUBES,  ETC. 

Armour  and  Company,  Chicago,  Illinois. 

*  Extract  of  Beef. 

(N)  Bouillon  Cubes.  {Salt  high — 67  per  cent.,  claims 
mildly  ohjectionahle,  not  a  ^'satisfying  substi- 
tute for  a  heavy  lunch/*  etc.) 

Beardsley's  Sons,  J.  W.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Vegex,  A  vegetable  extract.  {A  yeast  extract  of 
good  odor  and  flavor  containing  35  per  cent,  of 
nitrogenous  material,  not  all  of  which  however 
is  protein.  Value  is  stimulative  rather  than 
nutritive,  as  in  all  such  products. 

Bumham,  E.  L.,  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Clam  Bouillon.     {Not  *' highly**  concentrated  as 

claimed.) 

Campbell,  Joseph,  Company,  Camden,  N.  J. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Asparagus. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Beef. 

"A"  Condensed  Soup,  Bouillon. 
ik  Condensed  Soup,  Celery. 
if  Condensed  Soup,  Chicken. 


CANNED    GOODS 


*  Condensed  Soup,  Chicken  Gumbo. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Clam  Chowder. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Consomme. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Julienne. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Mulligatawny. 

*  Campbell's  Mock  Turtle  Soup. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Mutton  Broth. 

*  Campbell's  Ox  Tail  Soup. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Pea. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Printanier. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Tomato  Okra. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Tomato. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Vegetable. 

*  Condensed  Soup,  Vermicelli. 

Cudahy  Packing  Company,  South  Omaha,  Nebr. 

(N)  Extract  of  Beef.  {Not  ''the  best"  though  it  has 
a  good  nitrogen  content — coagvlable  nitrogen 
not  in  extract  at  all — finished  product  does  not 
''represent  about  45  lbs.  of  lean  meat  to  1  pound 
of  solid  extract/'  in  nutritive  value.) 

Franco-American  Food  Company,  Jersey  City,  N.  Y^ 

*  Clear  Oxtail  Soup. 

*  Puree  of  Tomato. 

*  Clear  Vegetable  Soup. 

Hoyt,  W.  M.,  Company,  Chicago,  Illinois. 

*  Yours  Truly  Condensed  Tomato  Soup. 

I^norr,  C.  H.,  Germany. 

(N)  Barley,  Knorr  Soup.     {Solid  soup  tablets;  con- 


64*  1001    TESTS 


venient  and  wholesome,  serving  a  useful  pur- 
pose far  campers,  etc.,  hut  lacking  in  flavor  and 
appetizing  odor;  bouillon  cuhes  about  like  Steero 
— no  false  nutrition  claims,  statement  applies 
to  whole  output.) 

*  Bouillon  Consomme. 
(N)  Cabbage. 

(N)  Egg  Quodlibet. 

(N)  Green  Pea. 

(N)  Yellow  Pea. 

(N)  Mock  Turtle. 

(N)  Mushroom. 

(N)  Mutton  Broth. 

(N)  Onion. 

(N)  Oxtail. 

(N)  Petite  Marmite. 

(N)  Potato. 

(N)  Regina. 

(N)  Tapioca  Julienne. 

(N)  Tomato. 

Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby. 

*  Concentrated  Oxtail  Soup. 

*  Concentrated  Tomato  Soup. 

*  Concentrated  Vegetable  Soup. 
Liebig's  Extract  of  Meat  Company,  London. 

*  Liebig's  Extract  of  Meat.     (An  excellent  product 

criticised  solely  because  of  advertisements 
advocating  its  addition  to  milk  for  children; 


CANNED    GOODS  65 

claims  as  to  increasing  the  assimilation  of 
milk,  etc.,  deemed  most  misleading  and  undesir- 
able.) 
(N)  Liebig  Company's  0X0  Bouillon  Cubes.  (Cor- 
neille  David  and  Company,  Distributors,  New 
York,  N.  Y,)  {Claims  ^* strengthening^'  "a 
meal  in  a  minute,"  etc.,  misleading,  although 
composition  is  good  for  this  class  of  products,) 

National  Pure  Food  Company,  149  Broadway,  New 

York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Puro   Soup — Beef.     (Powdered — same   comment 

as  on  Knorr's.) 
(N)  Puro  Soup — Chicken. 
(N)  Puro  Soup — Green  Turtle. 
(N)  Puro  Soup — ^Lentil. 
(N)  Puro  Soup — ^Vegetable. 

Richardson  and  Robbins,  Dover,  Delaware. 

*  Chicken  Soup. 
Royal  Specialty  Company. 

*  Anker's  Bouillon  Capsules. 

Schieffelin  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Steero  Bouillon  Cubes.     {Y ery  good  composition — 

nutrition  claims  withdrawn,  salt  content  rela- 
tively moderate  and  presence  declared  on 
label,) 


66  1001    TESTS 


TESTED  CANNED  VEGETABLES 

Austin-Nichols  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Asparagus,  Sun  Beam  Pure  Food,  California. 

*  Beans,  Lima  Scottish  Chief  Green,  .Extra. 

'A'  Beans,  Refugee  Broadway  Brand.     {Slightly  slack 
fill,  11.5  oz.  solids  found,  13  required.) 

*  Corn,  Republic  Sugar. 

*  Corn,  Scottish  Chief  Sweet. 

*  Peas,  Scottish  Chief  Sifted  Early  JunCc 

*  Peas,  Republic  Sifted  Early  June. 

Boyle,  John,  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 

*  Spinach,  Victory  Brand  Early  Garden. 

*  Spinach,  Glenmore  Early  Fall. 
ic  String  Beans,  Victory  Brand. 

*  Tomatoes,  Glenmore  Brand. 
Brakeley,  Joseph,  Inc.,  Freehold,  N.  J. 

ii^  Beans,  Lima,  Sinclare  Brand. 

California  Fruit  Canners*  Association,  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 
iic  Asparagus  Tips,  Del  Monte  Green. 

*  Asparagus,  Del  Monte  Brand  Extra  Quality  Co- 

lossal Green. 
Cresca  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y.  (Packed  in  France.) 

*  Artichokes,  Cresca,  Whole  French  Natural. 

*  Artichoke  Bottoms,  Cresca  Extra.     (Tendency  to 

short  weight.) 

*  Mushrooms,  Cresca  Stuffed. 
iic  Mushrooms,  Powdered. 


CANNED    GOODS  67 

DeGroff,  Lewis,  and  Son,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Peas,  Health  Brand  Sifted  Early  June. 

*  Com,  Health  Brand  Food  Products,  Sweet. 

*  Spinach,  Good  Honest  Brand. 

(N)  Stringless  Beans,   Good  Honest  Brand.     (Slack 
fill — 11  oz.  solids,  13  oz.  called  for.) 

Dunbar,  G.  W.,  Sons  Company,  New  Orleans,  La. 

*  Okra  and  Tomatoes,  Fresh, 

Frederick  City  Packing  Company,  Frederick  City,  Md. 

*  Succotash,  Pride  of  the  Valley. 

Green  Bay  Canning  Company,  Green  Bay,  Wis. 

*  Beets,  Lazarre  Brand  Blood  Red,  Table.     {For- 

merly disapproved  because  of  high  tin  content 
due  to  use  of  plain  can.  Betest  showed  lac- 
quered can  and  low  tin  content.  Product  much 
improved.) 

Greenhut-Siegel  Cooper  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Corn,    Milford    Brand    Extra    Standard    Tender 

Creamy  Sweet. 

Haserot  Canneries  Company,  The,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

*  Kornlet. 

Heinz,  H.  J.,  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Pork  and  Beans,  Oven  Baked.     {Not  enough  pork 

to  warrant  name.) 
-k  Beans,  Baked  with  Pork  and  Tomato  Sauce. 

*  Beans,  Baked  in  Tomato  Sauce  without  Pork. 

*  Kidney  Beans,  Baked. 


68  1001    TESTS 


Illinois  Canning  Company,  The,  Hoopeston,  HI. 
'k  Kidney  Beang,  Joan  of  Arc. 

Koenig  and  Schuster,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Lima  Beans,  Queen  Tiny. 

Leggett,  Francis  H.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Beans,  Nabob  Lima. 

*  Corn,  Premier  Brand. 

ir  Peas,  Premier  Eun  of  the  Garden.     {Bet est  showed 

a  satisfactory  fill.) 
(N)  Spinach.    Nabob.     {Slack   fill — about   twice   the 
amount  of  water  necessary.    Tin  rather  high.) 
Liss,  George  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Peas,  The  Highwood  Extra  Sifted  Early  June. 
Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Asparagus,  Special  Extra. 

*  Asparagus,  California. 

*  Pork  and  Beans.     {Tendency  to  short  weight;  too 

little  pork  to  justify  name.) 
'k  Pork  and  Beans,  with  Tomato  Sauce.     (Too  little 
pork  to  justify  name.) 

*  Sauer  Kraut,  Hanover  Brand. 

Mcllhenny  Company,  Avery  Island,  La. 

*  Tabasco  Brand  Whole  Okra. 
Middendorf  and  Rohrs,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Lima  Beans,  Fairfield  Brand. 

*  Lima  Beans,  Dellford  Brand  Tiny. 

*  Lima  Beans,  Nectar  Brand  Green. 

*  Beets,  Fairfield  Brand. 


I 


CANNED    GOODS  69 

Numsen,  William  and  Sons,  Inc.,  Baltimore,  Md.,  and 

Benesso,  111. 
(D)  Pumpkin,  Clipper  Brand.     (Tin  too  Jiigli,  over 

1000  mg.) 
North  Maine  Packing  Company,  Corinna,  Maine. 

*  Lentils,  Royal  Brand  Finest  Quality,  Imported, 

in  Tomato  Sauce. 

Olney,  Burt,  Canning  Company,  Oneida,  N.  Y. 

*  Beans,      Refugee.     {Product     improved.    Retest 

showed  very  low  tin  content  hut  relative  amount 
of  liquid  is  still  rather  high.) 

*  Beets,  Garden. 

*  Corn,  Sweet,  Baby  Kernel. 

*  Peas,  Burt  Olney 's  Sifted  Early  June. 

*  Spinach,  Garden. 

Phillips  Packing  Company,  Cambridge,  Md. 

*  Peas,  Golden  Rule  Brand,  Early  June. 

Seaman  Brothers,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Corn,  White  Rose  Brand. 

*  Peas,  White  Rose  Brand  Sweet  Wrinkled. 

*  Peas,  Savoy  Brand. 

*  Spinach,    White    Rose    Brand    Fancy    Cleansed. 

(Tendency  to  short  weight  hut  a  good  fill.) 
(N)  String  Beans,   Checker  Brand.     (Slack  fill— 11 
oz.  of  solids  found,  13  oz.  called  for.) 

*  Succotash,  Warfield  Brand. 


70  1001    TESTS 


Sills,  John  S.,  and  Sons,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

^  Corn,  Epicure  Sugar. 

*  Peas,  Epicure  Early  Sifted.  (Formerly  short' 
weight  and  too  much  water;  retest  showed  full 
weight  with  liquids  still  slightly  in  excess.) 

ir  Tomatoes,  Liberty  Brand. 

Twitchell-Champlin  Co.,  Portland,  Maine,  and  Boston, 


(D)  Hatchet  Brand  Lima  Beans.  (Suh-lahel,  *' Packed 
from  dried  California  lirYia  beans/'  hut  picture 
of  green  pods  on  label  is  misleading,  and  it  is 
not  permissible  to  correct  a  wrong  label  by  a 
sub-label.  Should  be  called  ^'Hatchet  Brand, 
Soaked  Dried  Lima  Beans/*  Wholesome,  hut 
inferior  to  green  product  and  it  is  a  question- 
able procedure  economically,  to  can  dried 
beans.) 
Van  Camp  Packing  Company,  The,  Indianapolis,  In- 
diana. 

ic  Hominy,  Van  Campus  Hulled  Corn. 

ic  Pork  and  Beans,   prepared   with  tomato  sauce. 
(Too  little  pork.) 

*  Pork  and  Beans,  Plain.     {Too  little  pork.) 
Webster,  Fred  L.,  Adams,  New  York. 

*  Spinach,  Webster's  Brand  Cultivated. 
White,  John  R,  Mt.  Morris,  N.  Y. 

*  Sweet  Com,  Sweet  Violet  Brand,  Choicest. 
Williams,  R.  C,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

-k  Corn,  Royal  Scarlet,  Evergreen. 


CANNED    GOODS  71 

*  Peas,  Royal  Scarlet,  Early  Sweet. 

*  Spinach,  Robin  Hood  Brand. 

(D)  String  Beans,  Economy  Brand  Refugee.     {Nearly 
y^  water.    Very  slack  fill.) 


\ 


VI 

CEEEALS  AND  CEEEAL  PEODUCTS 
BREAKFAST  FOODS 

MANY  are  tlie  letters  received  in  regard  to  the 
cereal  breakfast  foods,  especially  for  chil- 
dren's use.  One  mother  writes  me:  **Two  small 
youngsters  are  anxiously  awaiting  yonr  opinion  in 
regard  to  their  favorite  shredded  wheat,  grape 
nuts,  and  post  toasties."  With  few  exceptions,  a 
general  statement  will  serve  to  give  the  facts  in 
regard  to  all  of  the  leading  brands  of  cereal 
products  and  breakfast  foods  sold  in  packages. 
They  are  nutritious,  cleanly  products,  contain- 
ing the  greater  part  of  the  nutriment  of  the 
grain  and  in  some  cases  all  of  it.  They  are  put 
up  in  a  sanitary  package  and  are  convenient, 
and  afford  variety.  You  do  not  get  anywhere 
near  as  much  nutrition  for  the  same  amount 
of  money  as  when  you  buy  the  simple  grains,  such 
as  whole  wheat,  cornmeal,  oatmeal,  etc.,  in  bulk. 
If  you  realize  this,  however,  and  are  willing  to  pay 
for  the  convenience  and  variety,  there  is  no  reason 
why  they  should  not  be  used.    The  cornmeal  and 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  73 

oatmeal  are  somewhat  heavy  and  heating,  so  that 
unless  a  person  is  doing  heavy,  physical  work,  it 
might  be  well  to  use  a  less  concentrated  food.  The 
whole  wheat  and  the  old  fashioned  oatmeal  and 
commeal  can  never  be  surpassed  or  equaled  as 
wholesome  economic  foods,  giving  the  greatest 
amount  of  nutriment  for  the  smallest  amount  of 
money.  It  must  be  remembered  that  the  amount 
of  nutrition  present  is  not  the  only  point  involved 
in  wholesomeness  and  the  coarser  form  of  the 
natural  grains  and  the  presence  of  bran  have  a 
beneficial  effect  upon  the  bowels  as  well  as  furnish- 
ing additional  mineral  ingredients. 

The  processing  of  foods  by  "predigesting"  and 
grinding,  in  my  opinion,  renders  them  relatively 
less  wholesome  though  not  less  nutritious,  inas- 
much as  performing  the  work  of  the  teeth  and  the 
digestive  organs  for  them  decreases  their  activity 
and  in  time  affects  their  functioning  if  it  is  car- 
ried too  far.  Nevertheless,  the  moderate  use  of 
the  package  cereals  is  an  undoubted  boon  under 
our  present  conditions  of  life  and  they  may  fill  a 
valuable  and  convenient  place  in  the  dietary,  if  not 
used  exclusively. 

The  most  serious  charge  to  be  brought  against 
package  cereals  is  the  exaggerated  claims  made 
for  their  nutritive  value.    One  becomes  confused 


74  1001    TESTS 


among  so  many  products,  each  one  of  which  is  *  *  the 
richest  in  nourishment,"  *Hhe  most  easily  di- 
gested, even  by  chronic  invalids,'^  ** immediately 
converted  into  muscle  and  brain  activity,''  etc.,  etc. 

\  Oatmeal  is  the  heaviest  of  cereals  and  still  so  excel- 
lent a  brand  as  Hornby's  Steam  Cooked  Oatmeal 
claims  to  be  **Good  for  invalids  and  those  with 
weak  stomachs,"  merely  because  it  is  thoroughly 
cooked. 

^^The  road  to  Wellville"  is  to  be  traveled  by  eat- 
ing Grape  Nuts,  a  meaningless  name  applied  to  a 

"^  mixture  of  cooked  barley  and  wheat.  The  an- 
alysis of  this  product  shows  it  to  contain  a  very 
fair  amount  of  protein,  about  11  per  cent.,  with  an 
equal  amount  of  sugar,  and  no  more  mineral  in- 
gredients than  any  wheat  and  barley  mixture 

^  should  have.  There  are  no  ** brain  foods"  as 
such.  It  is  a  great  pity  for  these  products 
to  be  burdened  with  such  senseless  exaggerations 
as  to  leave  the  consumer  in  the  dark  as  to  the  rela- 
tive merits  of  different  grains  and  the  special  con- 
ditions under  which  they  should  be  used. 

TESTED  BREAKFAST  FOODS 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  75 

Cream  of  Wheat  Company,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

ic  Cream  of  Wheat.  (Germ  and  'bran  of  the  wheat 
removed,  a  good  product,  hut  only  the  ''mid- 
dlings,^^ name  somewhat  misleading.) 

Farewell  and  Rhines,  Watertown,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Barley  Crystals.  {Name  meaningless.  The  whole 
grains  are  represented  to  he  irritating  and  un-- 
desirable,  giving  a  false  impression. ) 

(N)  Cresco  Grits.  {Claims  to  he  ''virtually  free  from 
hran  or  germ,''  "the  fermenting  elements  of 
grain,*'  misleading,  as  the  whole  grain  is  a 
tetter  "waste  repairing  food.") 

Five  Kernels  Food  Company,  The,  Detroit,  Michigan. 
(N)  The  Five  Food  Kernels.  {A  mixture  of  different 
grains.  Contains  less  nutriment  than  a  good 
oatmeal,  less  mineral  than  a  whole  wheat. 
Over  burdened  with  such  claims  as  this,  "A 
more  strengthening  food  than  meat  and  po- 
tatoes," etc.) 

H.  O.  Company,  The,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
*  Hornby's  Steam  Cooked  Oatmeal. 
(N)  Force.  {Good  product;  bad  claims;  not  espe- 
cially "good  for  indigestion";  amx)unt  of  "bar- 
ley mMt"  used  would  not  add  any  notable  di- 
gestive properties;  "No  other  cereal  is  as  nu- 
tritious," misleading.) 


76  1001    TESTS 


Hygienic  Food  Company,  Battle  Creek,  Michigan. 

*  Mapl-Flake     Brand     Whole     Wheat      Toasted. 

{Probably  made  from  a  soft  wheat  as  indicated 
by  comparatively  low  nitrogen  and  high  ash. 
A  good  product  but  rather  over-burdened  with 
claims.) 

Jireh  Diabetic  Food  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Jireh  Diatetic  Wheat  Nuts.  {Contains  50  per 
cent,  of  starch;  claims  to  be  a  correct  diet  for 
diabetes,  gout,  rheumatism,  etc.,  starch  too  high, 
and  statement  *' proper  proportion  of  carbohy- 
drates^' is  evasive;  amounts  should  be  stated 
for  protection  of  patient.  Value  of  the  change 
made  in  the  starch  is  problematic.) 

Kellogg  Toasted  Corn  Flake  Company,  Battle  Creek, 
Michigan. 

*  Kellogg 's  Toasted  Corn  Flakes. 

*  Toasted  Wheat  Biscuit.     {Claims  as  to  special 

process  and  retaining  all  of  the  vital  elements 
of  the  whole  wheat  are  somewhat  overdrawn. 
Probably  extra  bran  added.) 

National  Oats  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

*  National  Oats.     {Slightly  exaggerated  claims  as 
«      to  special  nutritive  value.) 

Postum  Cereal  Company,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

*  Post  Toasties. 

(N)  Grape  Nuts.     {Cladms  as  to  nutritive  value  ex- 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  7T 

aggerated;  not  a  hrain  or  nerve  food  in  any 
special  sense,  name  misleading,) 

Quaker  Oats  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Quaker  Puffed  Wheat. 

(N)  Quaker  Toasted  Corn  Flakes.  (Good  hut  not  the 
whole  grain.  Claims  **We  retain  all  the  val- 
uable health  and  strength  giving  elements/*  hut 
is  largely  starchy  part  of  corn;  minerals  and 
proteins  low.) 

iic  Quaker  Puffed  Rice.  (Slightly  exaggerated  state- 
ments 05  to  ease  of  digestion  and  assimilation. 
Recommended  for  dyspeptics,  delicate  children, 
etc.) 

*  Quaker  Rolled  White  Oats.     (Excellent  product 

for  which  exaggerated  claims  are  made.  Is  not 
**The  hest  oat  meal  made."  Others  are  as 
good.  Is  not '' better  in  quality  and  flavor  than 
any  cereal  food  made.**) 

*  Fancy  Grits,  Granulated  Hominy. 

Ralston  Purina  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

*  Ralston  Wheat  Food. 

Seaboard  Rice  Milling  Company,  Galveston,  Texas. 

*  Cereal,  Comet  Brand. 
Seaman  Brothers,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  White  Rose  Brand  Hominy. 

Shredded  Wheat  Company,  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. 

*  Shredded  Wheat.     (Truly  the  whole  wheat.) 


78  1001    TESTS 


Tyler,  Byron,  Kansas  City,  Missouri. 

(N)  Raw  Food.  (A  mixture  of  ground  wheat,  ground 
nuts,  whole  raisins  and  oil,  the  latter  some- 
what rancid.  A  product  not  adapted  to  gen- 
eral merchandising,  and  most  extravagant 
claims  made  as  to  the  effects  and  desirability 
of  raw  food.) 

Uncle  Sam  Breakfast  Food  Company,  Omaha,  Ne- 
braska. 
(N)  Uncle  Sam  Health  Food.  {A  mixture  of  flaked 
wheat  and  ground  flaxseed,  flavored  with  salt 
and  a  trace  of  celery  seed.  A  nutritious  mix- 
ture, 19  per  cent,  fat,  and  20  per  cent,  protein, 
having  laxative  value,  hut  we  doubt  the  advisa- 
hility  of  eating  flaxseed  in  this  quantity  {about 
half)  every  day,  as  advised.  Former  extrava- 
gant claims  have  been  much  moderated.) 

United  Cereal  Mills  Ltd.,  Quincy,  III. 

*  Washin^on  Crisps. 

Wheatena  Company,  The,  Rahway,  N.  J. 

*  Wheatena. 


FLOURS,  MEALS,  AND  BRANS 

The  main  points  to  be  considered  in  regard  to  a 
flour  are  that  it  should  not  be  bleached  by  poison- 
ous chemicals  to  produce  an  unnatural  whiteness 
(and  in  attaining  this  ideal  the  housekeeper  can 
help  much  by  increasing  the  demand  for  the 
creamy  loaf,  instead  of  the  one  that  is  unnaturally 
white),  the  presence  of  the  proper  amount  of  nitro- 
gen and  mineral  ingredients,  fair  weight  and 
agreement  with  the  label.  More  expensive  flours 
such  as  buckwheat  and  rye  are  sometimes  adulter- 
ated with  others  costing  less.  It  is  only  the  patent 
or  the  white  flours,  of  course,  which  are  bleached. 
In  regard  to  the  graham  or  whole  wheat  flours, 
there  is  much  confusion'  and  much  difficulty  in  get- 
ting the  true  article.  The  trade,  almost  without 
exception,  understands  an  *' entire  wheaf  flour 
to  be  a  flour  between  the  patent  and  the  graham, 
that  is  to  say,  some  of  the  bran  has  been  removed 
and  it  is  more  finely  ground  than  the  graham  but 
coarser  than  the  white.  It  is  an  intermediate 
product.  Plainly  this  is  an  established  trade  mis- 
nomer, as  the  flour  of  the  **  entire  wheat"  should  be 
just  that,  the  entire  wheat  unbolted — and  should 

79 


80  1001    TESTS 


be  the  same  as  a  true  graham  flour.  Graham  flour 
is  not  only  brown  in  color,  consisting  of  the  whole 
wheat,  including  the  bran  with  its  additional  pro- 
tein and  mineral  ingredients,  but  it  is  an  unbolted, 
coarsely  ground  product,  which  has  a  health  value, 
in  its  effect  upon  the  intestines  apart  from  the 
question  of  nutrition.  Here  we  have  a  funda- 
mental difficulty  involving  long  established  trade 
conditions.  The  flour  is  separated  into  many  dif- 
ferent portions  in  the  mill  and  the  tendency  is  to 
reassemble  the  different  products  of  the  mill  and 
combine  them,  giving  many  different  grades  of  so- 
called  graham  flour,  instead  of  coarsely  grinding 
the  unbolted  whole  grain  as  should  be  done.  Of 
course,  one  may  artificially  make  up  a  graham  flour 
that  will  closely  approach  the  composition  of  the 
true  article,  but  it  is  easy  to  see  how  many  varia- 
tions will  occur  under  these  conditions,  and  too 
often  excessive  amounts  of  bran  and  low  grade 
flour  are  combined  to  pass  as  graham  or  **  whole 
wheat."  The  graham  flours  which  have  been 
starred  in  the  following  list  are  of  high  ash  (min- 
eral) and  nitrogen  content  and  comply  with  the 
standard  for  a  true  graham. 

The  two  other  classes  of  products  calling  for 
comment  are  the  so-called  self -rising  flours  and  the 
gluten  flours.    The  self-rising  mixtures  contain 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  81 

more  baking  powder  than  is  found  necessary  in 
home  practice,  which,  in  my  opinion,  is  objection- 
able, and  you  pay,  of  course,  for  the  convenience 
of  having  some  one  add  the  baking  powder  and 
mix  your  flours.  I  cannot  look  with  much  favor 
upon  any  mixed  foods.  The  claims  made  for 
them  are  usually  overstated  and  you  pay  a  pre- 
mium for  the  slight  convenience  afforded.  They 
cannot  be  said  to  be  objectionable,  however,  ex- 
cept on  this  score  and  because  of  the  increased 
amount  of  baking  powder  present.  Knowing 
these  facts  the  housekeeper  must  make  her  choice. 
The  so-called  gluten  flours,  from  which  all  or  a 
large  part  of  the  starch  is  supposed  to  have  been 
removed  to  fit  them  especially  for  diabetics  and 
others  who  cannot  readily  digest  starch,  have  been 
much  abused  in  labeling  and  the  buyer  has  been  led 
to  believe  that  the  product  was  virtually  free  from 
starch,  when  such  is  not  the  case.  Labels  should 
be  cai^efuUy  read  and  the  amount  of  starch  present 
should  be  declared  on  them  to  protect  diabetics  and 
those  whose  starch  supply  must  be  carefully  con- 
trolled. 

TESTED  FLOURS,  MEALS,  AND  BRANS 

(Starred  products  (•)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 


1001    TESTS 


Christian  Company,  The,  New  York  City. 

(D)  Vieno  Bran.  {**Nature*s  remedy  for  constipa- 
tion, stomach  and  intestinal  trouble^*  mislead- 
ing. In  abnormal  conditions  of  stomach  and 
intestines  it  might  he  irritating.  Good  for  con- 
stipation, hut  hetter  to  take  hran  as  found  in 
the  whole  grain,  rather  than  to  use  it  for  medi- 
cation in  large  quantities,) 

(N)  Vieno-Self-Raising  Bran  Meal.  {Not  sufficient 
nitrogen  and  mineral  ingredients  for  a  first- 
class  hran  meal;  not  enough  leavening  to  he 
called  self-raising.) 

Davis  Milling  Company,  St.  Joseph,  Mo. 

*  Aunt  Jemima's  Brand  Pancake  Flour,  Self  Ris- 

ing.    (Rather  extravagant  claims  and  more  hah- 
ing  powder  than  is  necessary.) 
Duluth   Superior   Milling   Company,    Superior,   Wis- 
consin. 

*  Duluth  Imperial  Patent  Flour. 
Ekenberg  Company,  Cortland,  N.  Y. 

*  Teco  Brand  Self-Rising  Mixture  of  Buckwheat, 

Wheat  and  Com  Flour  with  Malted  Buttermilk. 
{More  haking  powder  present  than  is  desirahle. 
Claims  as  to  economy  on  account  of  small 
amount  of  malted  huttermilk  present  are  not 
well  founded.) 
"A"  Teco  Brand  Self-Rising  Pancake  Flour,  a  mix- 
ture of  Malted  Buttermilk  (powdered)  with 
wheat  and  corn  flour.     {More  haking  powder 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  83 

present  than  desiraUe.  Amount  of  buttermilk 
relatively  small.) 

*  Teco    Brand    Buttermilk    Boston    Brown    Bread 

Flour.  {Amount  of  taking  powder  present 
rather  large.  Value  and  economy  of  added 
buttermilk  are  overrated.) 

Farwell  and  Rhines,  Watertown,  N.  Y. 

*  Pure  Wheat  Product — Cresco  Flour. 

*  Pure  Wheat  Product — Gluten  Flour. 

Forest  Home  Farm,  Purcellville,  Va. 

*  Forest  Home  Corn  Meal. 

Franklin  Mills  Company,  Batavia,  N.  Y. 

*  Franklin  Mills  Flour.    A  fine  flour,  of  the  entire 

wheat  with  a  part  of  the  bran  removed.  {Not 
a  true  graham — a  typical  commercial  *' entire 
wheat**  truthfully  labeled.) 

Greenhut- Siege!  Cooper  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Fountain  Brand  Whole  Wheat  Flour.     {A  little 

of  coarser  bran  removed  as  indicated  by  a 
rather  low  ash  content;  nitrogen  good — a  high 
grade  wheat.) 

*  Fountain  Brand  Patent  Flour. 

Hecker  Cereal  Company,  New  York  City. 

*  Hecker 's  Pure  White  Wheat  Graham  Flour.     {Ash 

content  {mineral  ingredients,  due  to  bran) 
good,  but  nitrogen  rather  low.) 


84  1001    TESTS 


Hecker- Jones- Jewell,  Milling  Company. 

*  Superlative      Self-Raising      Flour      Compound. 

{Slightly  short  weight;  amount  of  baking  pow- 
der moderate  for  a  self -raising  flour.  A  good 
wheat  flour  unmixed  with  other  grains.) 

Igleheart  Brothers,  Evansville,  Indiana. 

*  Swans  Down  Prepared   Cake  Flour.     {A   white 

flour  low  in  nitrogen  and  gluten  and  so  better 
adapted  to  cake  making  than  bread  making. 
Yields'  a  less  nutritious  but  more  delicate 
product.  Revision  of  label  has  much  improved 
claims  previously  made.) 

*  Swans  Down  Cracked  Wheat. 

Jireh  Diabetic  Food  Company,  New  York,  N,  Y! 

(D)  Jireh  Flour. 

(D)  Jireh  Diabetic  Patent  Barley.  (Claim  special 
value  for  diabetics;  60  per  cent,  and  67  per 
cent,  of  starch  respectively  present;  mislead- 
ing and  might  be  dangerous.) 

Johnson  Educator  Food  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Educator  Packed  Whole  Wheat  Flour.  {Nitro- 
gen and  ash  figures  are  too  low  for  a  true  whole 
wheat.  Either  a  little  bran  removed  or  the 
wheat  was  not  so  ^'high  grade'*  as  claimed.) 

*  Educator  Packed  Cold  Ground  New  Process  Rye 

Meal.  {A  good  product  but  slightly  short 
weight.) 


) 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  85 

Knox-Crutchfield,  Richmond,  Va. 

*  Pamunkey  Mills  Old  Virginia  Cornmeal. 

Northern   Light   Milling   Company,   Owatomna,   Min- 
nesota. 

*  Northern  Light  Brand  Compound  Self -rising  Buck- 

wheat Flour  and  Wheat  Flour.  {Large  amount 
of  phosphate  'baking  powder.  Product  said  to 
he  '^The  best  ever  used  or  money  refunded.'*) 
Northwestern  Consolidated  Milling  Company,  Min- 
neapolis, Minn. 
if  Ceresota  Flour.  {A  good  patent  flour,  hut  claims 
that  it  makes  more  bread  to  the  barrel  and  is 
more  nutritious  than  other  patent  flours,  are  un- 
warranted.) 

Pillsbury  Flour  Mills  Company,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

*  Pillshury's  Flour  Best  XXXX. 

Purina  Mills,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

*  Purina  Whole  Wheat  Flour.     (A  commercial,  so- 

called  *^ entire  wheat"  from  which  the  bran  has 
been  partially  removed,  a^  stated  on  label. 
Not  a  true  graham.  A  medium  flour  between 
the  patent  and  the  true  *^whole  wheat.") 

Roman  Meal  Company,  Tacoma,  U.  S.  A. 

(D)  Roman  Meal.  {Product  consists  largely  of  bran, 
some  ground  wheat,  and  probably  rye  and  a 
small  quantity  of  flaxseed;  Claims — to  *'cure 
constipation"  and  '*is  the  most  nourishing  food 
sold"  as  well;  to  contain  *'Flaxose,  a  secret 


86  1001    TESTS 


preparation  hy  which  pure  ground  flax  is 
partly  digested  and  deprived  entirely  of  its 
disagreeable  odor  and  taste/*  etc.  Claims  ex- 
travagant, though  product  is  nutritious  and 
would  tend  to  prevent  constipation.) 

Russell-Miller  Company,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

lAr  Occident  Flour.  (A  first-class  patent  flour  hut 
does  not  make  '^a  better  bread  than  that  from 
any  other  flour**  as  claimed.) 

Potter  and  Wrightington,  Boston,  Mass. 

(D)  Old  Grist  Mill  Brand  Flour,  for  health  bread. 
{Exaggerated  claims:  Not  a  remedy  for  dys- 
pepsia; apoplexy,  Bright  *s  disease,  etc.,  not 
due  to  white  bread;  contains  but  little  more 
nourishment  than  the  best  patent.  Lacking  in 
the  bran  necessary  to  substantiate  claims  that 
it  is  a  remedy  for  constipation.  Considerable 
insect  infection  of  sample  examined.) 

Sands,  Taylor  and  Wood  Company,  Minnesota. 

(N)  King  Arthur  Flour.  {Sample  examined  was  a 
first-class  patent  flour,  Misleadingly  branded, 
as  this  company  are  Boston  jobbers  and  prod- 
uct appears  to  be  manufactured  by  them  in 
Minnesota.) 
Shane  Brothers  and  Wilson  Company. 

*  Golden  Touch  King  Midas  Flour.  {Meaningless 
claim  *^The  highest  price  flour  in  America  and 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  87 

worth  all  it  costs."    Has  no  advantage  over 
other  standard  patents.) 
Southwestern  Milling  Company,  The. 

*  Aristos  (flour). 

Washburn-Crosby  Company,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

•  Gold  Medal  Flour. 


RICE 

The  great  point  of  interest  in  regard  to  rice  is 
whether  or  not  it  is  coated  with  talc  or  glucose 
which  under  the  law  is  a  practice  that  must  be  de- 
clared on  the  label,  as  the  coating  may  conceal  in- 
feriority, and  the  housekeeper  should  be  warned 
to  wash  such  a  rice  thoroughly. 

Eice  may  be  white,  having  lost  the  outer  brown- 
ish skin,  and  yet  be  uncontaminated  with  glucose 
and  talc,  and  truthfully  labeled  as  **uncoated,''  but 
should  not  be  called  ^* unpolished,"  as  it  is  not  the 
whole  rice,  the  outer  brown  coat  containing  ad- 
ditional protein  and  mineral  having  been  removed 
in  the  mechanical  polishing  process.  It  is  claimed 
that  beriberi,  a  very  dangerous  disease,  is  pro- 
duced when  white  rice  forms  practically  the  whole 
of  the  diet,  as  it  does  in  the  Far  East.  While  there 
is  no  reason  to  fear  this  where  rice  forms  only  a 
part  of  the  diet  and  the  necessary  minerals  and 
proteins  are  obtained  from  other  sources,  it  shows 
that  important  food  elements  are  lost  in  peeling 
the  rice  and  that  this  practice  tends  further  to 
'^demineralize''  the  food  supply. 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS 


TESTED  RICES 

Fischer,  B.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Hotel    Astor    Rice — Invalid's    Food.    Uncoated. 

{Not  a  whole  rice  hut  a  good  uncoated  product, 
correctly  labeled,  mineral  ingredients  0.37  per 
cent.) 

Carque,  Otto,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

"k  Carque 's  Natural  Whole  Rice.  (A  true  hrown 
whole  rice,  1.25  per  cent,  of  mineral  ingred- 
ients.) 

Kimball  and  Marxsen  Rice  Products  Company,  Chi- 
cago, 111. 
(N)  White  Swan  Milk  Rice,  Granulated.  (Some  milk 
present  hut  claims  '^In  food  value  ranhs  higher 
than  any  other  cereaV  ^^ A  perfect  food  for 
children  and  for  the  sick  and  convalescent,  for 
which  it  has  no  equal;*'  '^ accepted  when  all 
other  foods  are  rejected,"  etc.,  not  warranted.) 

Leggett,  Francis  H.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Natural  Brown  Rice.     (A  true  whole  rice,  1.03  per, 

cent,  of  mineral  ingredients.) 

McFadden-Wiess-Kyle  Rice  Milling  Company,  Beau- 
mont, Texas. 
(D)  Apex  Brand,  Unpolished.     (An  ^* uncoated"  rice 
'    hut  claims  made  as  to  food  value  and  great 
amount  of  nitrogen  not  warranted.    Not  an 


90  1001    TESTS 


"unpeeled*'  rice;  it  is  polished,  containing  only 
0.4  per  cent,  of  mineral  ingredients.) 

Seaboard  Rice  Milling  Company,  Galveston,  Texas. 

*  Natural  Brown  Comet  Brand  Rice.     (A  true  un- 

polished rice  containing  a  few  grains,  not  of 
the  best  quality.  Extravagant  claims  formerly 
made  with  misleading  statements  as  to  rice  be- 
ing 'Hhe  most  nutritious  and  easily  digested  of 
all  cereals,''  etc.,  have  been  corrected.) 

*  Rice,  Comet  Brand  Unkoted.     {A  polished  rice, 

not  coated.  Excessive  claims  formerly  made  as 
to  its  being  richest  in  elements  of  food  value, 
** nothing  added,  nothing  taken  away,"  ^'most 
nutritious  and  easily  digested  of  all  cereals, 
etc.,"  have  been  withdrawn.  Having  been  pol- 
ished the  outer  coating  had  been  taken  away,  as 
shown  by  the  content  of  mineral  ingredients, 
which  was  only  0.43  per  cent.,  whereas  the 
brown  rice  of  the  same  brand  contained  1.22 
I  per  cent,  of  ash.    Two  typical  products  now 

intelligently  labeled.) 


SPAGHETTI  AND  MACAEONI 

The  wheat  products  made  from  the  partially 
bolted  and  finely  ground  flour  of  hard  glutinous 
wheat,  and  molded  into  various  shapes,  whether 
tubular,  flat  or  cylindrical,  are  known  as  macaroni 
and  spaghetti  accordingly  as  they  are  of  the  larger 
or  smaller  variety.  These  products  are  excellent 
from  the  viewpoint  of  nutrition,  palatability  and 
economy.  In  some  cases  the  ash  (mineral  ingredi- 
ents) and  nitrogen  content  indicate  that  a  very 
large  portion  of  the  wheat  grain  has  been  utilized. 
For  health  purposes  it  would  be  advisable,  if  tech- 
nically possible,  to  make  macaroni  out  of  the  whole 
wheat  When  combined  with  tomato  and  cheese 
the  dish  is  not  only  more  palatable,  but  the  amount 
of  nourishment  is  increased  and  we  have  a  better 
balanced  ration.  While  the  macaroni  contains 
considerable  protein,  it  is  largely  a  starchy  food 
and  the  cheese  rounds  out  the  ration  adding  more 
protein  and  fat,  while  the  tomato  gives  flavor  and 
vegetable  acids.  There  is  a  rumor  going  about 
that  one  should  never  combine  acids  with  starchy 
food.  This  is  based  on  the  fact  that  the  digestion 
of  starch  begins  in  the  mouth  by  the  action  of  the 
saliva  but  is  checked  by  the  presence  of  the  acid. 

91 


92  1001    TESTS 


WHle  this  is  theoretically  true,  the  extent  to  which 
starch  digestion  is  suspended  in  the  stomach  is 
well  known.  The  work  of  the  saliva  begins  again 
in  the  small  intestine  activated  by  the  pancreatic 
secretion. 

In  some  cases,  eggs  are  incorporated  with  the 
wheat  flour,  which  further  increases  the  nutritive 
value  of  this  food.  The  lecithin  of  the  egg  is 
especially  important.  Efforts  to  sell  lecithin 
products  in  artificial  preparations  and  as  tonics 
are  of  dubious  efficacy  and  the  public  will  do  much 
better  to  depend  upon  eggs,  whole  wheat  and  nuts 
for  their  lecithin.  Unfortunately  some  manufac- 
turers simulate  the  presence  of  egg  by  artificial 
color.  This  practice  is  wholly  disreputable,  and 
the  misleading  use  of  the  word  ^^egg^^  in  the  brand 
or  name  of  the  product  cannot  be  ethically  coun- 
terbalanced by  the  statement  that  there  is  no  egg 
present.  The  claim  that  egg  is  used  is  substanti- 
ated by  determining  the  notable  increase  in  the 
lecithin  components  of  the  product.  The  con- 
sumption of  macaronis  might  well  be  increased 
with  advantage  to  the  consumer  from  the  point  of 
view  of  both  nutrition  and  economy. 


CEREALS    AND    CEREAL    PRODUCTS     93 
TESTED  SPAGHETTI  AND  MACARONI 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  [N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(Z>),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  rxyiii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Cleveland  Macaroni  Company,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

(D)  Golden  Egg  Alphabets,  contain  no  egg.  {Mis- 
branded,  not  permissible  to  misname  a  product 
and  make  subsequent  correction,) 
(N)  Golden  Egg  Brand  Macaroni.  Contain  no  egg. 
{Brand  name  slightly  misleading.  Composi- 
tion good — extravagant  claims  as  to  supe- 
^  riority.) 

Foulds  Milling  Company,  Cincinnati  and  Chicago. 

*  Fould's  Macaroni. 

*  Fould's  Spaghetti. 

Freihofer's  Vienna  Baking  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
iK  Freihofer's  Egg  Macaroni.     {Egg  present  in  small 
amount.) 

Heinz,  H.  J.,  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Spaghetti — L'ltalienne.     {Canned,    with    tomato 

sauce,  ready  for  eating;  contains  82  per  cent,  of 
moisture.) 

Jireh  Diabetic  Food  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

ic  Macaroni.     {A  good  macaroni  but  has  58%   of 
starch,  rwt  for  diabetics,  no  special  claim  m^ade 


94  1001    TESTS 


in  this  regard,  though  the  name  of  the  com- 
pany might  he  misleading,) 

Maull  Brothers,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

*  Faust  Brand  Spaghetti. 

Mueller,  C.  F.  Company,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

*  Spaghetti. 

Van  Camp  Packing  Company,  Indianapolis,  Indiana. 
"lAr  Spaghetti — Italian  Style.     {A   canned  spaghetti, 
contains  76  per  cent,  of  moisture.) 

Woodcock  Macaroni  Company,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Woodcock  Macaroni.    {Excessive  claims  as  to  spe- 
cial food  value  etc.;  is  a  good  product.) 


vn 

CONDIMENTS 

THE  spices  are  examined  to  determine  whether 
they  come  up  to  the  established  standards, 
are  true  to  name,  free  from  starch,  hulls  or  other 
neutral  adulterants  which  detract  from  the  flavor, 
and  are  full  weight.  Considerable  trouble  is  ex- 
perienced on  the  latter  score,  especially  on  small 
packages,  due  in  some  cases  it  is  said  to  the  dry- 
ing out  of  the  mixture,  and  it  is  held  that  this 
should  be  allowed  for.  The  loss  of  weight,  how- 
ever, should  not  always  fall  upon  the  consumer, 
even  small  weight  packages  should  average  the 
weight  declared  on  the  container,  some  packages 
running  above  and  some  below  the  required 
amounts.  Of  the  compounded  condiments,  tomato 
catsup  is  probably  of  the  most  general  interest  and 
has  been  the  product  most  adulterated.  The  use 
of  benzoate  of  soda  in  these  catsups  has  been 
fiercely  contested,  but  has  been  abandoned  by  prac- 
tically all  well  known  manufacturers,  with  the 
exception  of  the  Curtice  Brothers.  It  has  been 
proved  that  if  clean,  fresh,  raw  material  is  used 

95 


96  1001    TESTS 


and  handled  quickly  in  a  sanitary  way  with,  com- 
plete sterilization  there  is  no  danger  of  spoilage 
and  no  need  of  an  injurious  chemical  preservative. 
The  chemically  preserved  products  are  also  of 
lower  quality  because  they  can  be  made  to  keep 
with  less  concentration  and  when  you  buy  a  benzo- 
^ated  catsup  you  usually  buy  more  water.  The 
benzoated  samples  examined  contained  from  14  to 
21  per  cent,  of  solids  while  some  of  the  leading 
brands  depending  on  sterilization  and  concentra- 
tion only  ran  as  high  as  33  to  38  per  cent.  Watch 
the  label  and  see  if  benzoate  of  soda  is  declared. 
The  prepared  salad  dressings  vary  greatly  in 
character.  None  of  them  compares  in  quality  with 
a  home-made  mayonnaise.  They  are  often  thick- 
.  ened  with  starch  or  gum  and  artificially  colored 
with  turmeric  or  a  coal  tar  dye  to  make  up  for  the 
egg  that  is  not  there.  Frequently  no  oil  or  egg 
at  all  is  to  be  found.  All  the  samples  admitted  to 
the  star  list  contained  egg  and  35  to  53  per  cent, 
of  oil,  were  not  artificially  colored,  and  did  not 
depend  upon  gum  and  starch  for  their  thickening. 
A  salad  dressing  containing  neither  oil  nor  egg  is 
not  considered  worthy  of  the  name.  If  cottonseed 
or  any  other  oils  than  olive  oil  are  used  they 
should  be  declared  on  the  label. 
The  vinegars  reported  were  tested  carefully,  to 


CONDIMENTS  97 


determine  whether  or  not  they  were  true  to  name 
and  had  the  amount  of  acetic  acid  required  by  the 
standard.  While  the  fermented  vinegars  made 
from  cider,  apples,  wine  or  grapes  are  of  the 
choicest  quality,  having  a  finer  flavor,  the  malt, 
sugar  and  glucose  products  or  the  distilled  vine- 
gars made  from  grains,  if  they  are  properly 
labeled  and  honestly  sold,  have  legitimate  uses. 
The  housekeeper  has  a  right  to  vinegar  of  a  certain 
established  strength.  She  can  add  water  herself 
if  the  product  is  too  acid.  There  is  no  reason  why 
she  should  pay  the  manufacturer  for  water.  A 
diluted  acetic  acid  is  not  vinegar  any  more  than 
diluted  alcohol  is  wine.  The  original  material 
from  which  the  vinegar  is  fermented  is  what  gives 
it  its  distinctive  flavor  and  delicacy.  There  is  no 
reason  why  the  cheaper  vinegars,  such  as  spirit, 
distilled  or  grain  vinegar,  should  not  be  used  for 
pickling  and  in  mixtures,  if  they  are  properly 
labeled  and  sold  for  a  lower  price.  The  artificial 
coloring  of  colorless  vinegars,  such  as  the  spirit 
and  glucose  products,  to  give  them  the  appearance 
of  the  cider  and  wine  vinegars,  is  of  course  fraud- 
ulent. The  housekeeper  can  do  much  to  protect 
herself  by  carefully  reading  the  labels  and  by  not 
buying  a  product  that  is  evasively  branded  or 
which  declares  artificial  color. 


98  1001    TESTS 


TESTED  CONDIMENTS 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Austin-Nichols  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Sunbeam  Pure  Pood  Tomato  Catsup.     (No  hen- 

zoate,  no  artificial  coloring  and  contains  30  per 
cent,  of  solids.) 

Beech-Nut  Packing  Company,  Canajoharie,  N.  Y. 

*  Oscar's  Sauce. 

*  Tomato  Catsup.     (25  per  cent,  of  soUds.) 
Bell,  Wm.  G.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Poultry  Seasoning. 

Colburn,  The  A.,  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


^  Allspice. 

*  Celery  Salt. 

"A"  Cinnamon. 

*  Cloves.     {Above  minimum 

standard.) 

*  Curry  Powder. 

*  Ginger. 

*  Leaf  Peppermint  Cooking  Herbs. 

*  Leaf  Savory. 

*  Leaf  Sweet  Basil. 

*  Leaf  Thyme. 

*  Mace. 

*  Madras  Turmeric. 

*  Mustard. 

CONDIMENTS  99 

*  Nutmeg.     {Above  minimum  standard.) 

*  Paprika. 

*  Pepper,  Black,  Natuna  Brand.     {Was  ahout  4  per 

cent,  above  minimum  standard.) 

*  Pepper,  Red. 

*  Pepper,  White.     {Was  about  4  per  cent,  above 

minimum  standard,) 

*  Onion  Salt. 

*  Pastry  Spice. 

*  Sage,  Rubbed. 

*  Spiced  Poultry  Seasoning. 

*  Sweet  Marjoram. 

{A  good  line  of  spices  complying  wUh  the 
standards.  Some  are  slightly  above  the  mini- 
mum standard  but  the  following  extravagant 
claims  can  not  be  approved:  *'The  standard 
goods  of  America,  guaranteed  of  the  finest  qual- 
ity, absolutely  pure,  and  far  superior  to  the 
standard  required  by  law.'*  This  criticism 
applies  only  to  large  packages;  small  cartons  are 
conservatively  labeled.) 

Colman,  J.  and  J.,  London. 

*  Mustard. 

Cresca  Company. 

*  Vinegar,  Pinard  Brand,  Packed  in  Prance,  Pure 

Grape  Salad,  Estragon  Flavor. 


100  1001    TESTS 


Crosse  and  Blackwell,  London. 

*  Currie  Powder,  Genuine  India — ^Pure  Currie  Pow- 

der. 

*  Malt  Vinegar,  Pure. 

*  Malt  Vinegar  Flavored  with  Tarragon. 
Curtice  Brothers  Company,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Tomato  Ketchup.  (Preserved  with  sodium  hen- 
zoate  and  thin  as  compared  with  first  class  cat- 
sups ji  only  19  per  cent,  solids.) 

Diamond  Crystal  Salt  Company,  St.  Clair,  Michigan. 

*  Shaker  Table  Salt  with  1  per  cent,  carbonate  of 

magnesia. 
Durkee  and  Company,  E.  R.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Salad  Dressing  and  Meat  Sauce.     {Good  quality 

for  a  commercial  salad  dressing  containing  egg 
and  oil  {about  34  per  cent.)  hut  some  cottonseed 
oil  is  present  and  should  he  declared.) 
Fischer,  B.,  and  Company,  New  York. 

*  Allspice,  Strictly  Pure. 

*  Pepper,  White. 

*  Sage,  Strictly  Pure. 
Frear,  Fred,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  My  Wife's  Salad  Dressing.     {Colored  with  a  per- 
mitted coal  tar  dye;  7  per  cent,  of  oil  {cotton- 
seed) and  some  egg  found;  harmless,  hut  not  a 
first  class  salad  dressing  for  the  ^^ select'*  trade.) 
Gaidry,  Lowell  R.,  New  Orleans. 

*  Tabasco  Pepper  Sauce.     {A  good  product  now  ac- 

ceptably labeled.) 


CONDIMENTS  ICI 

Heinz,  H.  J.,  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Cliili  Sauce. 

*  Tomato  Ketchup.     (33  per  cent,  total  solids.) 

*  Cider  Vinegar,  Pure  Fermented. 

*  Malt  Vinegar,  Pure  Fermented. 

Holbrook  and  Company,  London,  Manchester  and  Bir- 
mingham. 
(N)  "Worcestershire  Sauce.     (Good  quality  hut  makes 
extravagant  claims  as  to  superiority  and  use- 
fulness,) 

Howard,  J.  F.,  Haverhill,  Mass. 

*  Salad  Dressing.     (Good  quality,  containing  50  per 

cent,  of  oil,  egg,  and  no  artificial  coloring;  not 
unmixed  olive  oil;  any  other  oil  {usually  cotton- 
seed)  when  present  should  he  named  on  the  la- 
hel.) 

Koenig  and  Schuster,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Tomato  Catsup,  Princess  Brand.     (34.5  per  cent. 

of  total  solids.) 

Lea  and  Perrins,  Worcester,  England. 

*  Worcestershire  Sauce. 

Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Chili  Sauce,  Pure. 

*  Tomato  Catsup,  Pure.     (38.6  per  cent,  of  solids.} 

McHhenny,  E.,  New  Iberia,  Louisiana. 

(D)  Tabasco  Pepper  Sauce.     {Good  quality,  hut  ab- 
surd claims  as  to  its  heing  a  preventative  for 


idX  1001    TESTS 


dyspepsia,  relieving  headache,  neuralgia  and 

rheumatism,  hygienic  and  economic  claims,  etc.) 

McMechen  Preserving  Company,  Wheeling,  W.  Ya. 

(D)  Prepared  Mustard.    {Colored  with  turmeric,  very 

low  in  total  solids  (12  per  cent.).    Proportions 

of  mixture  given  on  label  could  not  he  present.) 

Marzahl,  W.,  171  Spring  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

'k  Cider  Vinegar,  Pure. 
Mohawk  Valley  Cider  Company,  73-75  Huron  Street, 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
'k  Vinegar,  Pure  Cider. 

(N)  Vinegar,    Pure    White.     {See    Wayne    County 
White  Vinegar.) 
Morehouse  Mills,  Chicago  and  Los  Angeles. 

k  Horseradish-Mustard,  Cream  Brand,  Prepared. 
{Contains  turmeric  and  hut  little  horseradish.) 
(D)  Mustard,  Mrs.  Morehouse's  Cream  Brand,  Pre- 
pared. {Contains  turmeric  and  gum.) 
{D)  Salad  Dressing,  Mrs.  Morehouse's  Cream  Brand. 
{No  oil  or  egg  found;  contains  turmeric,  gum 
and  flavoring.) 

National  Onion  Salt  Company. 

*  Onion  Salt. 
New  England  Maple  Syrup  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 
(D)  Mustard,  Golden  Tree.     {Price  low,  the  turmeric 
and  starch  present  lower  the  quality,  though 
they  are   declared  on  label;  not  a  standard 
^^ prepared  mustard.*') 


CONDIMENTS  103 

OIney,  Burt,  Canning  Company,  Oneida,  N.  Y. 

*  Ketchup.     (21  per  cent,  of  total  solids.) 

Palisade    Manufacturing    Company,    "West    Hoboken, 
N.  Y. 

:Ar  Tournade's  Kitchen  Bouquet.  {A  mixture  of 
vegetable  and  meat  extracts  with  flavoring  prin- 
ciples; no  preservatives;  probably  colored  with 
caramel  {burnt  sv^ar) ;  harmless  and  conven- 
ient, but  not  '^ indispensable*^  as  formerly 
claimed.) 
Pritchard,  E.,  331  Spring  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  and 
Bridgeton,  N,  J. 
(D)  Tomato  Catsup,  Pride  of  the  Farm.  (Contained 
0.17  per  cent,  of  benzoate  of  soda;  only  one- 
tenth  of  one  per  cent,  declared  on  the  label. 
Bad  21  per  cent,  of  total  solids.) 

Rabb,  Charles,  Inc.,  237-239  W.  60th  St.,  New  York, 
N.  Y. 
(D)  Tomato  Catsup,  Blue  Eibbon.  {Contained  over 
two-tenths  per  cent,  of  benzoate  and  very  low 
in  solid  material,  in  common  with  most  low 
grade  products;  14.5  per  cent,  of  solids.) 

Ritter  Conserve  Company,  P.  J.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Tomato  Catsup,  Pure,  Whole.     {No  preservative 

or  artificial  color.  Betest  showed  improvement 
in  total  solids  (25  per  cent.)  and  satisfactory 
bacterial  count.) 


104  1001    TESTS 


*  Tomato  Catsup  with  Tabasco,  Whole,  Pure.     (25 

per  cent,  of  total  solids.) 

Slade,  D.  and  L.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Cayenne,  Absolutely  Pure. 
it  Cinnamon,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Cloves,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Celery  Salt,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Curry  Powder,  East  India. 

*  Ginger,  Absolutely  Pure. 

^  Mace,  Absolutely  Pure.  (Some  question  as  to 
the  species  of  mace  used;  possibility  of  admix- 
ture of  Bombay  or  other  wild  mace.  Evidence 
not  conclusive;  retest  gave  satisfactory  re- 
sults.) 

ir  -Nutmeg,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Paprika,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Pepper,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Pepper,  Absolutely  Pure,  White. 

*  Pimento,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Sage,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Savory,  Absolutely  Pure. 

*  Spice,   Absolutely  Pure  Pickling,  Whole  Mixed 

Spice. 
ik  Thyme,    Absolutely   Pure.     (''Absolutely   pure'' 
claim    objectionable   as   always;   tendency    to 


CONDIMENTS  105 

slight  short  weight  on  some  small  packages. 
Quality  very  good.) 
Snider,  T.  A.,  Preserves  Company,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

*  Chili  Sauce. 

*  Tomato  Catsup.     (23  per  cent,  of  solids.) 
Sprague,  Warner,  and  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Tomato    Catsup,    Richelieu    Brand.     (Only    of 
medium  concentration  (21  per  cent,  of  solids) 
and  more  bacteria,  yeasts  and  spores  than  is  per- 
missible.) 
Stickney  and  Poor  Spice  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Cloves,  Absolutely  Pure.    {Claim  objectionable.) 

*  Mustard,  Extra  Fine. 
Tildesley  and  Company,  Chicago,  Ills. 

(N)  Yacht  Club  Salad  Dressing.  (A  small  amount  of 
oil  and  some  egg;  colored  only  with  turmeric; 
good  but  hardly  of  star  quality.) 

*  Yacht  Club  Tomato  Catsup. 
,Waw-Waw  Sauce  Co.,  London  and  New  York. 

(N)  Waw-Waw.  The  finest  Indian  Sauce.  {A  good 
product,  consisting  of  an  acetic  extract  of  vege- 
tables and  spices  but  claims  that  **its  principal 
aim  is  to  aid  and  stimulate  the  digestive  or- 
gans,*' etc.,  are  not  permissible.) 
Wayne  County  Produce  Company,  Greenpoint,  L.  I., 
N.Y. 

*  Cider  Vinegar. 

(N)  Spirit  Vinegar,   Pure   VHiite.     (J.   good  grain 


106  1001    TESTS 


vinegar,  true  to  type  and  properly  labeled. 
This  type  is  not  a  true  aromatic  vinegar  at  all 
and  is  inferior  in  quality  and  flavor  to  the  wine 
and  cider  products. ) 

Worcester  Salt  Company,  New  York  City,  N.  Y. 
*  Ivory  Shaker  Salt. 


vm 

DESSEETS 

READY-TO-USE  desserts  like  most  time- 
saving  foods  give  you  only  fair  quality  at 
a  relatively  large  price.  It  is  not  claimed  that 
they  are  injurious  but  it  is  not  considered  that  they 
are  either  high  grade  food  products  or  econom- 
ical. The  Jello,  Nesnah  and  Tryphosa  desserts 
are  probably  the  best  of  their  kind,  but  consist 
mostly  of  sugar  (about  85-90  per  cent.),  with  a 
little  gelatin,  flavoring,  and  coloring  matter,  for 
which  extravagant  excellencies  and  great  original- 
ity are  claimed.  As  sugar  is  only  ^yq  cents  a 
pound,  you  can  see  that  they  are  not  an  economical 
buy  for  the  housewife  unless  her  time  is  extremely 
valuable.  Twenty  cents  a  pound  for  sugar  adds 
an  item  to  the  high  cost  of  living!  Gelatin  des- 
serts, freshly  made,  uncolored  and  flavored  with 
fresh  fruit  juices  must  of  necessity  be  superior 
in  quality. 

The  straight  gelatins  themselves  present  a 
fundamental  difficulty  in  that  the  line  is  too  often 
not  carefully  drawn  between  glue  quality  and  ed- 

107 


108  1001    TESTS 


ible  gelatin  quality.  Both  are  made  from  hides, 
bones,  and  horn  pith,  and  it  is  the  condition 
of  the  raw  material  and  the  treatment  and  tem- 
perature that  differentiate  the  two.  A  high 
class  glue  and  a  low  class  gelatin  are  practically 
the  same  product.  Only  sanitary  inspection 
could  determine  this  point  absolutely  and  it  is 
for  this  reason  that  the  highest  rating  has  not 
been  given  to  gelatins.  The  tests  made,  how- 
ever, insure  you  that  the  fimsJied  products  are 
harmless  and  of  good  quality.  Another  diffi- 
culty is  the  fact  that  many  gelatin  dealers  buy 
up  their  gelatin  from  different  sources  and 
their  output  may  vary  in  excellence.  These  are 
some  of  the  fundamental  difficulties  in  attempting 
to  classify  gelatins  as  to  purity.  We  can  only  ad- 
vise in  general  that  those  examined  gave  no  odor 
on  standing,  had  the  proper  degree  of  solubility 
and  contained  only  minute  traces,  if  any,  of  sul- 
phur dioxide.  No  dangers  are  to  be  feared  from 
eating  these  products  but  constant  inspection  alone 
can  insure  that  sanitary  raw  material  is  used 
and  the  proper  care  taken  during  the  process  of 
manufacture. 


DESSERTS  109 


TESTED  DESSERTS 

(Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xiviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Baker,  Franklin,  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Baker's  Premium  Shred  Cocoanut.     (Label  states 

*^ Prepared  with  sugar/'  contains  about  24  per 
cent.) 

Chalmers,  James,  Sons,  "Williamflville,  N.  T. 

*  Transparent  Shredded  Gelatin. 
Ceylon  Spice  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(D)  Instantaneous  Tapioca.     (Absurd  claims  as  to  be- 
ing a  *^food  for  babies,'*  ^* preventing  prickly 
heat,"  etc.    Product  is  good,  though  ^* instan- 
taneous" claims  are  also  overdrawn.) 
Colburn,  The  A.,  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  New  Process  Hasty  Tapioca.     (A  good  product 

with  such  meaningless  extravagant  claims  as 
''The   standard   goods   of  America,"   *' Abso- 
lutely Pure,"  '^Superior  to  the  standard  re- 
quired by  law.") 
Cox,  J.  and  G.,  Georgia  Mills,  Edinhorough,  Scotland. 

*  Gelatin. 

Crystal  Gelatin  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Boston  Crystal  Gelatin. 

Diamond  Gelatin  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Diamond   Delico,    The   Double   Dessert — Straw- 


110  1001    TESTS 


berry  and  Orange;  Mint-Lemon;  Coffee  and 
Cherry.  {Colored  with  cudbear  and  other 
vegetable  dyes,  harmless  hut  poor  quality  and 
the  little  flavor  present  is  completely  lost  on  ex- 
posure to  air.) 

Genesee  Pure  Fcx)d  Company,  Le  Roy,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Jello  Lemon.  {About  85  per  cent,  sugar;  and  ar- 
tificially colored  with  a  harmless  vegetable  dye. 
Not  injurious  but  not  '* America's  most  famous 
dessert.''  Fruit  flavors  used  mostly.  Good 
of  its  bind  but  not  of  star  quality.) 

Hansen's  Laboratory,  Charles,  Little  Falls,  N.  Y. 

*  Junket  tablets. 

(N)  Nesnah  Desserts — Chocolate,  Lemon,  Imitation 
Raspberry.  (86  per  cent,  to  96  per  cent, 
sugar,  gelatin  and  trace  of  permitted  coal  tar 
dye  in  two  cases;  not  injurious  but  not  high 
quality;  exaggerated  claims.) 
Heinz,  H.  J.,  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Gold  Medal  Mince  Meat. 

*  Heinz  Plum  Pudding. 
Hipolite  Company,  The,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

(N)  Hipolite  Snow-Mellow.  {Essentially  a  mixture 
of  corn  starch  and  egg  albumen.  In  no  sense  a 
substitute  for  eggs.  Harmless,  but  not  of  good 
quality.  Claim,  ^* makes  delicious  icings,  fill- 
ings, and  meringues  without  eggs,"  misleading.) 


DESSERTS  111 


Knox,  Charles  B.,  Company,  Johnstown,  N.  Y.;  Mon- 
treal, Canada. 

*  Knox's  Gelatin. 

Lipton*s,  New  York,  London. 

(D)  Lipton's  Gelatin  Jelly  Tahlets.  {Flavors ,  except 
in  the  case  of  the  vanilla  and  the  Madeira 
rather  fiat.  Amaranth  and  Naphthol  Yellow  S, 
permitted  coal  tar  dyes  used  in  all  samples.) 

Merrell-Soule  Company,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

*  None  Such  Mince  Meat. 

Minute  Tapioca  Company,  Orange,  Mass. 

*  Minute  Gelatin.     {Excessive  claims  as  to  solubil- 

ity^ absolute  purity,  etc.,  not  warranted.) 

*  Minute  Tapioca. 

Najtional  Starch  Company,   Com  Products   Refining 
Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Kingsford's    Oswego    Cornstarch.     {Specifically 
misleading  claim  as  to  superiority  to  arrowroot; 
a  good  corn  starch — Twthing  more.) 

Ovite  Manufacturing  Company,  Orange,  N.  J. 

(N)  Ovite.  {A  mixture  of  corn  starch  and  egg  albu- 
men with  salt  and  colored  with  annato.  Harm- 
less but  not  ''A  nutritious  product  which  dis- 
places the  whole  egg  in  cooking,"  as  claimed.) 

(N)  White  Ovite.  {White  egg  albumen  and  corn 
starch.  One  dollar  a  pound.  Price  excessive 
and  not  a  legitimate  substitute  for  the  white  of 
^99') 


112  1001    TESTS 


Plymouth  Rcx;k  Gelatin  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 
*  Plymouth  Rock  Plain,  Granulated  Gelatin. 
(D)  Plymouth  Rock  Phosphated  Granulated  Gelatin, 
A  Compound.     (Phosphoric  acid  objectionable; 
does  not  increase  nutrition  as  claimed,  and  is 
not  a  satisfactory  substitute  for  Umon.) 

Rich,  E.  C,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Tryphosa — Lemon — ^Artificially  colored.  {Nearly 
90  per  cent,  sugar  and  a  permitted  coal  tar 
dye^-%ot  injurious  but  not  a  high  grade  prod- 
uct.) 

Whitman,  Stephen  F.,  and  Son,  Inc.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
(N)  Whitman's  Marshmallow  Whip.  (51  per  cent, 
glucose,  26  per  cent,  sugar,  balance  water,  gum 
and  vanillin.  Not  a  substitute  for  '*  whipped 
cream'*  in  quality  or  nutritive  value,  but  is 
correctly  named,  as  it  is  of  a  typical  marsh- 
mallow  composition.) 


IX 

EXTRACTS 

WITH  few  exceptions  the  flavoring  extracts 
are  guilty  of  exaggerated  claims.  Some 
products  are  described  as  **unequaled  in 
strength/'  others  are  said  to  be  ** extra  strong," 
or  to  be  ** above  the  standard."  It  must  be  re- 
membered that  the  percentages  of  oils  required 
by  the  standards  represent  only  the  smallest 
amount  considered  legal!  A  product  may  "ex- 
ceed the  standard,"  therefore,  and  still  be  only  a 
good  average  product.  Hence  the  claims  quoted 
while  technically  true  are  rather  misleading. 
Practically  all  of  the  vanilla  extracts  are  said 
to  be  made  from  **the  finest  Mexican  vanilla 
bean,"  just  as  huge  amounts  of  coffees  are  la- 
beled **Java  and  Mocha,"  regardless  of  the  fact 
that  the  output  of  both  is  comparatively  small. 
"We  have,  therefore,  partially  disregarded  these 
general  and  commonly  exaggerated  claims,  though 
by  no  means  approving  them,  in  giving  the  star 

113 


114.  1001    TESTS 


marking  to  extracts  of  standard  quality,  for  the 
guidance  of  the  buyer. 

Flavoring  extracts  have  long  been  notable  sin- 
ners in  regard  to  short  volume.  Often  the  bottles 
are  made  of  thick  glass  and  no  particular  content 
is  claimed  but  the  bottle  which  should  hold  two 
ounces,  judging  from  size  and  price,  holds  much 
less.  Under  the  new  net  weight  law  demanding 
that  weights  and  measures  be  declared  on  all  pack- 
ages we  might  have  corrected  this  evil  had  not  the 
vicious  provision,  that  a  ** reasonable  variation'' 
should  be  permitted,  or  small  packages  exempted, 
been  inserted  in  the  law.  A  deduction  has  in  all 
cases  been  made  where  the  output  of  any  manufac- 
turer showed  a  general  tendency  toward  short 
weight. 

The  question  most  often  asked  in  regard  to  ex- 
tracts is.  What  are  vanillin  and  coumarin?  When 
they  appear  on  the  label  what  does  this  mean? 
Are  such  extracts  harmful?  The  true  vanilla  ex- 
tract made  from  the  vanilla  bean  is  much  more  del- 
icate in  flavor  and  more  expensive  than  that  made 
from  the  artificial  vanillin  obtained  from  oil  of 
cloves.  Coumarin  is  a  substance  obtained  from 
the  Tonka  bean  and  is  also  a  cheaper  product  of 
inferior    flavoring    quality    used    in    imitations. 


EXTRACTS  116 

Neither  can  be  said  to  be  harmful,  but  such  a 
product  should  be  plainly  labeled  ** imitation''  or 
*' artificial  vanillin.''  It  is  not  enough  to  label  it 
** vanilla  extract"  and  then  give  a  list  of  ingredi- 
ents which  conveys  no  meaning  to  the  average 
buyer.  The  true  vanilla  extract  is  derived  only 
from  the  vanilla  bean.  We  have  excluded  from 
the  approved  list  all  imitation  extracts,  though 
many  are  now  honestly  labeled,  as  required  by  the 
law.  We  consider  all  of  the  extracts  made  from 
artificial  ethers  in  the  laboratory,  and  nearly  al- 
ways colored  with  coal  tar  or  vegetable  dyes  to 
conceal  inferiority,  as  unworthy  of  a  place  in  an 
approved  list  of  high  grade  products.  They  are 
used  in  such  small  quantities  that  their  harmful- 
ness  cannot  be  discussed,  but  they  are  not  natural 
foods  and  in  our  estimation  could  not  be  classed 
among  high  grade  products.  The  best  makers  are 
endeavoring  to  provide  pure  fruit  extracts,  even  in 
the  case  of  strawberry,  raspberry  and  other  flavors 
most  difficult  to  make.  Better  do  without  an  ex- 
tract than  use  an  imitation  poorly  flavored  and 
artificially  colored. 

The  new  paste  extracts  are  made  of  gum  and 
glycerin  with  appropriate  flavors.  They  are  not 
injurious,  but  the  extravagant  claims  made  as  to 


116  1001    TESTS 


superiority  to  alcoholic  extracts  cannot  be  main- 
tained. They  may  be  more  economic  for  some 
purposes  and  their  use  is  largely  a  matter  of  taste 
Their  inferior  diffusibility  is  another  objection 
and  the  vanilla  and  lemon  extracts  do  not  yield 
themselves  to  this  treatment  as  well  as  other  fla- 
vors, like  ginger. 

TESTED  EXTRACTS 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (27)  indicates  a, 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Baker  Extract  Company,  Portland,  Maine,  and  Spring- 
field, Mass. 
"A"  Ahnond,  Pure  Extract. 

*  Lemon,  Pure  Extract. 

*  Onion,  Pure  Extract. 

*  Orange,  Pure  Extract. 

*  Pineapple,  Pure  Extract. 

(N)  Pistachio,  Imitation  Flavor.  (A  harmless  imita- 
tion extract  properly  labeled,  compounded  of 
vanilla  extract,  almond  extract,  glycerin,  alco- 
hol and  a  permitted  coal  tar  dye.  Not  injuri- 
ous hut  not  star  quality,) 

ic  Raspberry,  Pure  Extract. 

*  Strawberry,  Pure  Extract, 

*  Vanilla,  Pure  Extract.     (Claim  **unequdled  in. 

str^ngth^^  an  exaggeratien.) 


EXTRACTS  117 

Burnett,  Joseph,  and  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Almond. 

*  Cherry,  Superior  Extract. 

*  Lemon,  Superior  Extract. 

*  Orange. 

*  Pineapple. 

(N)  Pistachio,  Imitation  Flavor.     {A  mixture  of  oL- 
mond,  cinnamon  and  other  oils.) 

*  Raspberry. 

*  Strawberry. 

*  Vanilla. 

i^  iWintergreen,  Essence  of.  (Medicinal  claim,  which 
was  criticised  as  ohjectionaile,  has  been  with- 
drawn.) 

Christy,  Arthur  N.,  and  Company,  Newark,  N.  Y. 
(D)  Lemon  Flavor.  {A  paste  flavor  consisting  of 
gum  and  glycerin  with  too  small  an  amount  of 
oil  of  lemon  to  he  determined.  States  on  label 
that  terpeneless  oil  of  lemon  is  used  with 
the  true  oil.  The  former  is  not  of  first  qual- 
ity. Claims  to  he  ''The  standard  of  excel- 
lence/^ and  is  harmless  hut  of  poor  quality 
and  not  comparable  with  the  standard  alco- 
holic ^^straets.) 


118  1001    TESTS 


Colburn,  The  A.,  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Almond. 

*  Almond,  May  Flower  Extract,  Pure. 
"A"  Lemon,  May  Flower  Extract,  Pure. 

*  Orange  May  Flower  Extract,  Pure. 

*  Orange. 

*  Rose. 

*  Rose,  May  Flower  Brand,  Extract  of  Pure. 

*  Vanilla. 

{The  May  Flower  Brand  represent  standard 
goods,  no  more,  and  no  extravagant  claims 
are  made  on  the  label.    The  other  products 
are    also    of    good    standard    quality,    hut 
there  is  no  foundation  for  the  claim  that  they 
are  '^the  standard  goods  of  America,*'  and 
''far  superior  to  the  standard  required  hy 
law.'') 
Crescent  Manufacturing  Company,  Seattle,  Wash. 
(D)  Crescent     Mapleine.     (A     harmless     substitute 
product;   consists   essentially    of   burnt   sugar 
(caramel)  and  vanillin.    Misleading  name,  cor- 
rected by  sublabel — '^Contains  no  maple  sugar, 
syrup  nor  sap  but  produces  a  taste  similar  to 
maple.'' 

McCormick  and  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 

*  Almond,  Bee  Brand  Highest  Quality,  Absolutely 

Pure  Extract.     {Extreme  quality  claims  and 
slight  short  measure.) 


EXTRACTS  119 

*  Ginger,  Bee  Brand  Highest  Quality,  Absolutely 

Pure  Essence. 

*  Lemon,  Bee  Brand  Highest  Quality,  True. 

(D)  Orange,  Bee  Brand  Highest  Quality  Extract, 
True — Colored.  {Below  standard  and  arti- 
ficially colored.) 

(N)  Peach,  Bee  Brand  Concentrated  Flavoring,  Imi- 
tation. (Does  not  'Haste  like  fresh  fruit" — 
poor  quality.) 

(N)  Pineapple,  Bee  Brand  Concentrated  Flavoring, 
Imitation.     (Same.) 

(N)  Rose,  Bee  Brand  Concentrated  Flavoring — Col- 
ored. (Harmless  vegetaUe  dye  (cudbear) 
used.) 

*  Vanilla,  Bee  Brand  Highest  Quality,  True  Extract. 

(Quality    claims    exaggerated    hut    products 
starred  were  standard.) 
McMonagle  and  Rogers,  Middletown,  N.  Y. 

*  Almond,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 

*  Celery,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 

*  Cinnamon,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 

*  Cloves,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors.     (Ahove  standard 

minimum  strength  hut  slightly  short  measure.) 

*  Lemon,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 

(N)  Nutmeg,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors.  (Short  meas- 
ure and  helow  standard  strength.) 

*  Onion,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 
i^  Orange,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 

*  Peppermint,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 


120  1001    TESTS 


*  Eose,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 

*  Vanilla,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 

*  Wintergreen,  Premium  Fruit  Flavors. 

Pitkin,  J.  M.,  and  Company,  Newark,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Almond  Flavor. 

(N)  Ginger  Flavor. 

{Harmless  and  suitahle  for  some  purposes,  hut 
not  superior  to  alcoholic  extracts  as  claimed.) 

(N)  Lemon   Flavor.     (Oil   of   lemon   fortified   with 
citral.) 

(D)  Vanilla  Substitute.     (Contains  vanillin,  couma- 
rin  and  caramel  coloring,  and  it  is  claimed 
that  it  is  superior  to  the  pure  standard  arti- 
cle.) 
Price  Flavoring  Extract  Company,  Chicago,  Illinois. 

*  Dr.  Price's  Delicious  Flavoring  Extract,  VaniHa. 

Sauer,  C.  F.,  Company,  Richmond,  Va, 
i^  Almond. 
(N)  Banana,  Imitation  Flavor. 

*  Orange. 

(N)  Peach,  Imitation  Flavor. 
(N)  Pineapple,  Imitation  Flavor. 
(N)  Strawberry,  Imitation  Flavor. 

(Imitation   flavors   artificialli/   colored.    Mads 
from  blended  ethers.    Correctly  labeled.) 
"k  Vanilla,  Pure  concentrated  extract.     (''Absoluts 
purity*'  claim  objectionable;  attack  on  suisti- 
iui$s  MS  being  ''injurious*'  not  warranted.) 


EXTRACTS  121 

^ade,  D.  and  L.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

it  Almond,  Absolutely  Pure  Extract.     (** Absolutely 
pure**  objectionable  as  always.) 

*  Lemon,  Absolutely  Pure  Extra  Strong  Extract. 

{Not  ** extra  strong/*  jtist  standard.) 

*  Peppermint,  Absolutely  Pure  Family  Remedies. 

*  Rose,  Absolutely  Pure  Extract. 
Stickney  and  Poor  Spice  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  VaniUa,  Best  U.  S.  P. 


FISH— (CANNED,  DEIED,  ETC.) 

\  rriHE  utmost  care  should  be  exercised  in  regarc 
J.  to  the  use  of  all  canned  fish,  because  whei 
these  products  do  decompose  they  have  a  tendency 
more  than  almost  any  other  products,  to  develoi 
poisonous  bodies  in  the  process  of  protein  degrada 
tion.  The  housewife  should  always  examine  th( 
can  carefully  by  its  appearance,  smell,  and  tast< 
upon  opening.  Great  care,  however,  is  exercisec 
in  putting  up  fish  products  and  the  salmon  espe 
cially  may  be  mentioned  as  retaining,  to  a  markec 
degree,  the  quality  of  the  fresh  product. 

All  canned  fish  should  be  consumed  immediately 
upon  opening  and  not  be  kept  over  for  the  nex 
day.  Properly  smoked  and  dried  fish  offer  a  mos 
nutritious  and  economical  diet  and  are  much  mor< 
widely  used  abroad  than  here.  Their  use  coulc 
very  profitably  be  extended,  especially  in  view  o: 
the  high  price  of  meat. 

TESTED  FISH  (CANNED,  DRIED,  ETC.) 

(Stdrred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {'N)  indicateg  ) 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;   disapproved  product. 

122 


FISH,    (CANNED,    DRIED,    ETC.)      123 

(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Als  Hangesund  Preserving  Company,  Hangesund. 

*  Fancy  Imported  Norway   Sardines  in  Mustard 

Sauce — Salome  Brand.  {Not  a  true  sardine 
(pilchard) ;  labeling  permitted  hy  official  regu- 
lations.) 

Beale  and  Garnett  Company,  Eastport,  Maine. 

*  Finnan  Haddie.     {Put  up  in  the  United  States;  a 

true  Finnan  Haddie  should  he  from  Scotland.) 

Beardsley,  J.  W.,  Sons,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Shredded  Codfish.  {No  borax  found;  short 
weight  and  extravagant  statement  as  to  com- 
parative nutritive  value — 1  lb,  not  equal  to  4 
lbs.  of  fresh  fish,  as  stated.) 

Bumham  and  Morrill  Company,  Portland,  Maine. 

*  Fish  Flakes. 

California  Fish  Company,  Los  Angeles,  California. 
(N)  California  Sardines.     {True  pilchard  or  sardine 
not  found  on  California  coast,  labeling  per- 
mitted by   Government,   but  sublabel  '^Genu- 
ine sardines'*  objectionable.) 

Cresca  Company,  Distributors,  355  Greenwich  Street, 
New  York. 

*  Caviar  Superieure. 
Crosse  and  Blackwell,  London. 

(N)  Anchovy  Paste.  {Colored  with  an  unidentified 
reddish  dye.    Labeled  *^ Artificially  colored.' ') 


IM  1001    TESTS 


Davis,  Frank  E.,  Company,  Gloucester,  Mass. 

*  Deviled  Crab  Meat. 

*  Lump  Crab  Meat. 

(D)  Crab  Shells.     {Not  perfectly  cleaned.) 

*  Fish  Flake,  Codfish  and  Haddock  Corned. 

*  Kippered  Herring. 

*  Fresh  Mackerel. 

(D)  Selected  Gulf  Fresh  Shrimp.  (Quality  poor;  two 
samples  out  of  four  had.) 

Emery  and  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Deviled  Sardines.  {SuMabeled  ^^ Atlantic  Ocean 
Sardine  Herrings,^'  really  are  herrings;  not  a 
*'most  economical  and  nutritious  article  of 
food/*  as  claimed.) 

Gorman  and  Company,  Inc.,  Seattle,  Wash. 

(D)  Red  Heart  Brand  Alaska  Salmon.     (Slack  fill 
and  short  weight;  a  low  grade  article.) 
Gorton  Pew  Fisheries  Company, 

*  Gorton's  Boneless  Codfish.     (19  per  cent,  of  salt.) 

Liss,  George,  and  Company,  New  York  City. 

*  Salmon,  Highwood  Brand,  Columbia  River. 
Lord  Brothers  Company,  Portland,  Maine. 

*  Extra  Quality  Pure  Codfish  Strictly  Boneless. 

McMenamin  and  Company,  Hampton,  Va. 

*  CrabM«at. 


FISH,    (CANNED,    DRIED,    ETC.)      125 

Peabody,   Henry  W.,  San  Francisco,   California  and 
New  York. 

*  Havalan  Brand  Japanese  Crab  Meat. 

Sea  Beach  Packing  Works,  Aberdeen,  Wash. 

*  Pioneer  Minced  Sea  Clams. 

Southern  California  Fish  Company,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

*  Blue  Sea  Tuna. 

Van-Thomas  Company,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

*  Avalon  Brand  Tuna.     {Packed  in  cottonseed  and 

olive  oil  and  so  labeled.) 

Watson,    Angus,    and    Company,    Newcastle-on-Tyne, 
England. 
(N)  Skipper  Sardines  in  Tomato. 
(N)  Skipper  Sardines  in  Virgin  Olive  Oil. 

{Not  true  sardines  {pilchards) — Norway 
Iristlings  and  should  he  so  labeled.  Govern- 
ment permits  designation  *' Norway  sardines,*' 
hut  in  this  case  labeling  is  not  even  true  to 
this  ruling.) 

*  Bouillon  Herringlets. 

Williams,  R.  C,  and  Company,  New  York. 

*  Salmon,  Royal  Scarlet,  Columbia  River. 


XI 

FEUITS— DEIED  ^ 

THE  points  in  regard  to  dried  fruits  are :  Are 
they  nnsnlphnred?  Are  they  free  from  ex- 
cessive moistnre  (wHcli  sulphuring  makes  pos- 
sible)! Are  they  free  from  insect  infection? 
Have  full  weight  and  measure  been  given?  For 
the  starred  products  we  can  answer  **yes,"  in  re- 
gard to  all  of  these  points.  Fruitsaretransported 
more  cheaply  in  this  dried  compact  form  and  the 
consumer  pays  for  less  water  than  in  fresh  or 
canned  goods.  Their  keeping  qualities  are  also 
excellent  and  they  form  a  very  acceptable  part  of 
the  diet  both  from  an  economical  and  nutritive 
point  of  view,  especially  during  the  seasons  when 
fresh  fruits  are  unavailable  or  very  high  in  price. 
Stewed  dried  fruits  are  excellent  natural  laxatives 
as  well  as  nutritious  and  a  handful  of  raisins,  dates 
or  figs  is  much  better,  in  my  opinion,  for  the  grow- 
ing child  than  candy. 

1  For  canned  fruits  see  page  45. 


1^6 


FRUITS— DRIED  127 


TESTED  FRUITS,  DRIED 

{Starred  products  {*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

American  Dehydrating  Company,  "Waukesha,  Wiscon- 
sin. 
(N)  Dehydro-Fresh  Cranberries.     {By  no  means  equal 
to  fresh  fruit  nor  superior  to  the  dried  and 
evaporated  goods,  as  claimed.) 
American  Vineyard  Company,  Fresno,  Cal. — Boston — 
San  Francisco. 
i>r  Ideal  '*Not-a-Seed"  Raisins. 
Austin-Nichols  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(D)  Peaches,    Fancy    Evaporated    California.     (0.15 
per  cent,  of  sulphur  found  in  this  product,    ho- 
tel read  *^ sulphur  Meached'^;  considered  in- 
jurious to  health  though  permitted  hy  federal 
regulation  pending  investigation.) 

California  Fruit  Canners*  Association,   Fresno,   Cali- 
fornia. 

*  Del  Monte  Brand  California  Seedless  Raisins. 
Carque  Pure  Food  Company,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

*  Apricots,  Carque 's  California  Likefresh  Fruits. 

*  Bananas,  Carque 's  California  Likefresh  Fruits. 

*  Cherries,  Carque 's  California  Likefresh  Fruits. 

*  Figs,  California  Selected  Black  Mission. 

*  Olives,  Selected  Sun  Dried  California  Ripe,  Dry. 


128  1001    TESTS 


*  Peaches,  Carqne^s  California  Likefresh  Fruits. 

*  Pears,  Carque's  California  Likefresh  Fruits. 

{Claims  somewhat  overdrawn;  excellent  wnsul' 
phured  products.) 
Cresca  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
"A"  Cresca  Figs. 

*  Stuffed  Figs  and  Stuffed  Dates. 
i^  Cresca  Choicest  Cluster  Raisins. 

(Figs  and  dates  are  ^* Prepared  with  corn 
syrup,''  i.  e.,  glucose;  declared  on  label, 
amount  very  small  hut  unnecessary  and  un* 
desiraUe.) 

DeGroff,  Lewis,  and  Son,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Smyrna  Figs,  Health  Brand. 

Fresno  Home  Packing  Company,  Fresno,  California. 

*  Fancy  Cluster  Raisins,  Blue  Ribbon  Brand. 

Greenhut  Siege!  Cooper  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Raisins,    Sultanas,    Golden   SVest   Brand,    Extra 

Quality,  Natural,  Seedless. 

Higg^ns,  William  A.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Chariot  Apples.     (Minute  trace  of  sulphur;  short 

weight  due  prohably  to  drying  out.) 
(D)  Seedless  Raisins,  Berry  Brand.     (Short  weight, 
0.018  per  cent,  sulphur  dioxide.) 
Hills  Brothers  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Dromedary  Brand  Cleaned  Currants. 

*  Dromedary  Golden  Dates. 


FRUITS— DRIED  1^9 

it  Dromedary  Brand  Washed  Figs.  (*' Conserved 
t»  corn  syrup/'  i.  e.,  glucose — declared  on  label 
— very  small  amount  present  hut  is  undesirable 
and  unnecessary.) 

Koenig  and  Schuster,  New  York. 

*  Fancy  Malaga  Raisins,  Princess  Brand. 

Seaman  Brothers,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  White  Rose  California  Seeded  Muscatel  Raisins. 
Stewart,  R.  N.,  Co.,  Middleboro,  Mass. 

*  Cranberry  Powder,     (Net  weight  should  be  stated 

on  package.) 

WilHamette  Valley  Prune  Association,  Salem,  Oreg. 
it  Loganberries,  Pheasant  Brand.  (Short  weight  on 
two  samples  examined,  but  moisture  content  was 
so  low  that  amount  of  nutrition  obtained  was 
relatively  high.  Special  nutritive  claim  vir- 
tually true,  is  unusually  high  in  protein  for  a 
fruit,  like  the  raspberry  from  which  it  is  de- 
veloped.) 

Williams,  R.  C,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Royal  Scarlet  Seeded  Raisins. 


xn 

HOUSEHOLD   EEMEDIES  AND   DISIN- 
FECTANTS * 

THE  miscellaneous  samples  reported  under 
this  heading  pretend  in  no  way  to  cover  the 
field,  but  were  examined  mainly  in  response  to 
inquiries  and  as  information  was  needed.  Vas- 
elines (petrolatum)  are  standard  products,  but 
the  *' remedial''  claims  made  for  them  have  been 
exaggerated.  The  disinfectants  all  err  in  mak- 
ing extravagant  claims,  extending  their  usefulness 
into  the  medicinal  field  and  so  becoming  dangerous 
in  the  hands  of  the  layman.  The  non-poisonous 
claim  is  particularly  misleading  and  the  fanciful 
names  under  which  these  products  are  presented 
are  objectionable  in  that  they  conceal  the  true 
nature  of  the  disinfectant  which  might  easily  be 
declared.  A  standardized,  carefully  prepared  dis- 
infectant of  proper  strength  is  a  boon  to  the  house- 
keeper and  it  is  a  great  pity  that  these  products 
cannot  be  sold  in  a  more  intelligent  and  ethical  way 
as  they  are  undoubtedly  useful,  and  their  quality 

*  Data  do  not  represent  complete  analyses ;  only  important  and 
characteristic  ingredients  are  mentioned. 

130 


HOUSEHOLD    REMEDIES  ISl 

in  many  cases  is  excellent.  Some  of  the  materials 
reported  fall  witMn  tlie  patent  medicine  class  and 
exhibit  all  the  evils  and  misleading  statements 
typical  of  such  products. 

TESTED  HOUSEHOLD  REMEDIES  AND  DIS- 
INFECTANTS 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (2V)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
{D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

American  Druggists  Syndicate,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 
(N)  A.  D.  S.  Foot  Tablets.  {An  astringent  antisep- 
tic wash  containing  tannin,  salicylic  acid,  alum, 
horic  acid,  etc.  Claims  that  it  is  a  *^ valuable 
remedy,"  *^ effective  in  the  treatment  of  bun- 
ions,'' etc.,  are  extravagant.) 

Bauer  and  Black,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Blue  Jay  Corn  Plasters.  {Contain  salicylic  acid, 
which  is  practically  always  the  active  in- 
gredient of  corn  salves.  Is  often  helpful  hut 
the  claim  *^In  48  hours  corn  comes  out  root  and 
all,"  is  exaggerated.) 

Bauer  and  Company,  Berlin,  A.  Wulfing  and  Company, 
N.  Y.  American  Agents. 
(D)  Formamint  Tablets.     {A  formaldehyde  prepara- 
tion with  extravagant  claims  as  to  its  thera- 
peutic and  germicidal  properties.    Efficacy  of 


132  1001    TESTS 


the  tablets  is  believed  to  be  much  overrated,  in 
addition  to  which  they  might  be  irritating  in 
some  conditions.) 
Bliss,  Alonzo  O.,  Company,  Washington,  D.  C. 

(D)  Native  Herbs.  {A  mixture  of  aloes,  the  com- 
mon cathartic,  and  cassia,  with  probably  small 
amounts  of  podophyllum,  ginger,  dandelion,  and 
other  stomachics.  Not  true  to  name,  and  ac- 
companied by  characteristic  patent  medicine 
claims,  which  are  obviously  impossible  of  ful- 
fillment. Would  not  **cure  rheumatism,  ca- 
tarrh, nervous  disorders,  diabetes  and  all  syph- 
ilitic diseases'^  as  claimed.) 

Carter  Lytle  Drug  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 

(N)  Komol.  {Collodion  with  salicylic  acid  in  alcohol 
and  ether.  ''It  will  dissolve  the  most  obstinate 
cases.''  ''The  best  paint  for  corns/'  etc. 
Claims  excessive.) 

Chesebrough  Manufacturing  Company,  New  York, 
N.  Y. 
(N)  Capsicum  Vaseline.  {Petrolatum  containing  cap- 
sicum. A  good  product  but  only  palliative,  not 
"a  remedy"  for  rheumatism,  gout,  neuralgia, 
etc.,  as  stated.  Not  "superior  to  mustard  or 
any  other  plaster"  under  all  conditions.) 
*  Carbolated  Vaseline.  {A  petrolatum  containing 
phenol.  Statements  that  it  is  "A  valuable  an- 
tiseptic dressing  for  wounds,  etc.,"  is  true,) 


HOUSEHOLD    REMEDIES  133 

*  Mentholated  Vaseline.  {A  mentholated  petro- 
latum, which  mxiy  ie  advantageously  used  for 
^'nervous  headaches,  sore  throaty  neuralgia, 
neuritis,  rheumatism,  etc.,*'  as  a  palliative. 
No  remedial  or  curative  properties  claimed  in 
this  case.) 

-k  Vaseline.  {Former  claims  ^'an  invaluahle  rem- 
edy for  hums,  rheumatism,  hemorrhoids**  with- 
drawn from  label;  product  is  palliative  hut 
hardly  remedial  in  such  cases.) 

i<  White  Vaseline.  (Pure  petrolatum;  former  cladm 
that  it  is  an  'Hnvaluahle  family  remedy 
for  rheumatism,  catarrh,  hay  fever,  etc.,**  is 
obviously  an  exaggeration,  as  *^ remedy**  im^ 
plies  constructive  healing  while  this  substance 
is  only  palliative.  Claims  withdrawn  from 
label.) 
Clark's  Corporation,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Sel  Amaigrissant.     {Merely  crystallized  washing 
soda,  perfumed.    Claims  made  as  to  its  merits 
€is  a  flesh  reducer  when  used  in  the  bath,  are 
manifestly  absurd,  and  the  price  is  high.) 
Crittenton,  Charles  N.,  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Tooth  Ache  Drops,  Pike's  Universal  Vegetable. 
{Consists  chiefly  of  chloroform  and  alcohol 
with  a  little  oil  of  cloves  and  other  antiseptic 
oils;  not  a  '* vegetable**  product;  chloroform 
dangerous  and  habit  forming,  and  tends  to  de- 
fer necessary  dental  attention.) 


134  1001    TESTS 


Dodge,  Walter  Luther,  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 
(N)  Tiz.     (Tablets  containing  tannin,  salicylic  acid, 
alum,  and  orris  root.    An  astringent  antiseptic 
foot  hath,  harmless  hut  could  do  hut  little  for 
hunions,  ingrowing  nails,  etc.,  as  claimed.) 

Downs,  Jean,  334  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City. 
(D)  Get  Slim.  (Consists  essentially  of  sugar  and 
tartaric  acid,  colored  pink.  Claims  for  its  effi- 
ciency as  a  flesh  reducer  grossly  exaggerated 
and  an  unlimited  use  of  such  a  product  might 
he  harmful.) 

E.  C.  D.  Chemical  Company,  1777  Broadway,  New  York 

City,  N.  Y. 
(D)  Fluid  En-Ser-01.     (An  alleged  catarrh  and  deaf- 
ness cure,  consists  essentially  of  camphor,  glyc- 
erine, water  and  traces  of  antiseptics.     Worth 
about  2  cents  and  sells  for  $1 ;  claims  absurd.) 

Every  Woman  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(D)  Every  Woman's  Flesh  Reducer.  (A  mixture  of 
epsom  salts,  alum,  washing  soda  and  camphor, 
5  tablespoonfuls  to  he  used  in  a  hot  hath  as  a 
flesh  reducer;  claims  absurd.  Sells  for  89 
cents,  costs  not  more  than  10,  at  a  liberal  es' 
timate.) 

Evans  Sons,  Lescher  and  Webb,  Ltd.,  Liverpool,  Lon- 
don and  New  York. 
(N)  Antiseptic    Throat    Pastilles.     (Consists    essen- 
tially of  gum  acacia,  licorice^  terpin-hydrate, 
and  ammonium  salt;  claims  slightly  exagger- 


HOUSEHOLD    REMEDIES  135 

ated.  It  would  restore  the  voice  and  make 
breathing  easy  when  there  was  some  slight  diffi- 
culty only.) 

Giant  Chemical  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(N)  A-Corn    Salve.     (Contains    fat,    salicylic    acid, 
methyl    salicylate.    Claims    moderate,    except 
that  it  could  hardly  remove  bunions.) 
Grape  Capsule  Company,  108  Fulton  Street,  New  York, 
N.  Y. 
(N)  Cod  Liver  Oil  Capsules.     (A  good  cod  liver  oil 
in  capsule  form,  tut  is  short  weight  and  high 
priced  considering  the  amount  of  oil  obtained, 
due  allowance  being  made  for  the  expense  of 
the  capsule  form;  claims  are  conservative.) 
(N)  Olive  Oil  Grapes.     (Olive  oil  in  capsule  form,  ex- 
cessive claims  as  to  its  value  as  a  **  tissue  builder 
and  flesh  creator,"  as  '*an  appetizer,"  etc.) 
*  Ricinol  Grape.     (Castor  oil.)     (A  good  castor  oil 
in  capsule  form.    Slightly  short   weight  but 
214  gram^  for  ten  cents  is  not  excessive.) 
Grove,  E.  W.  (Paris  Medicine  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo.). 
(D)  Laxative  Bromo-Quinine.     (Contains  aloin,  as  a 
laxative,  bromid  and  phenacetin  (2  grains  per 
tablet)  J  belladonna  and  quinine.    A  most  un- 
desirable   product    for    miscellaneous    unconr- 
trolled  ingestion.) 
Hydrox-Chemical  Company,  New  York,  Chicago,  San 
Francisco. 
(N)  Hydrox    Hydrogen    Peroxide.     (Contains    acet- 


186  1001    TESTS 


anUid  as  a  preservative.    Extravagant  claims 
as  to  efficacy  as  a  mouth  wash.) 

Jad  Salts  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Jad  Brand  Salts.  {A  shot-gun  prescription 
which  ** cures"  too  many  diseases  at  once.  Con- 
sists principally  of  sodium  phosphate,  sodium 
and  potassium  hicarhonates  and  citric  and  tar- 
taric acids,  and  a  very  small  amount  of  hexa- 
methylene  tetramine,  antiseptic  diuretic,  as 
stated  on  the  label.  Odor  of  formaldehyde 
showed  partial  decomposition  of  last  named  in- 
gredient. Miscellaneous  drugging  of  this  kind 
is  useless  and  often  attended  hy  an  element  of 
danger.  75  cents  is  an  exorbitant  price  for  four 
ounces  of  this  material.) 

Kimball,  Lucile,  1327  So.  Michigan  Boulevard,  Chicago, 
lU. 
(D)  Obesity  Remedy.  {Consists  of  1.  A  powder 
made  up  of  soap,  epsom  salts  and  washing  soda, 
for  external  application.  2.  Brown  tablets 
consisting  essentially  of  aloin  a  laxative,  bella- 
donna and  nux  vomica.  3.  Pink  tablets  to 
furnish  a  tonic  and  stomachic,  consisting  es- 
sentially of  capsicum,  menthol,  and  bitter  prin- 
ciples resembling  those  from  quassia  and  gen- 
tian; harmless  in  general,  but  utterly  unable  to 
fulfill  the  excessive  claims  made  for  it  as  a  flesh 
reducer.) 


HOUSEHOLD    REMEDIES  1S7 

Kinox  Company,  Rutland,  Vermont. 

(N)  Kinox,  {Essentially  ihe  product  known  as  Ghivr- 
osol,  a  derivative  of  quinolin,  A  good  antisep- 
iic  sold  under  a  fancy  name  with  extravagant 
claims  for  its  application.) 

Landshut,  Karl,  Cliicago,  111. 

(D)  Louisenbad  Reduction  Salt  {Essentially  epsom 
salts,  worth  about  2  cents  a  pound  and  sold  for 
one  dollar.  That  it  would  prove  a  ^'remedy 
for  obesity  without  the  use  of  drugs,  diet,  exer^ 
cises,"  by  using  it  in  the  bath  water,  is  ob- 
viously absurd,  neither  would  it  '^tone  th^ 
whole  body.'*) 

Lambert  Pharmacal  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

*  Listerine. 

Lchn  and  Fink,  New  York  City. 

*  Lysol.     (A  solution  of  cresylic  acid  with  a  germi- 

cidal value  about  twice  that  of  carbolic;  nams 
objectionable,  as  not  being  descriptive  of  th§ 
product,  which,  however,  is  an  excellent  one. 
Very  similar  to  the  '^Liquor  cresolis  composi- 
tus*'  of  the  Pharmacopoeia.) 

Luden,  W.  H.,  Reading,  Pa. 

*  Menthol  Cough  Drops.    \A  simple  menthol  cough 

drop,  for  which  no  extravagant  medicinal  claims 
are  made.  Efficacy  of  all  cough  drops  is  of 
course  very  limited.) 


138  1001    TESTS 


Martindale,  Thomas,  and  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
(D)  Royal  Olvules.  {A  first-class  olive  oil  in  capsule 
form.  Disapproved  "because  of  the  fact  that 
only  two  or  three  ounces  are  given  for  $1  and 
the  claims  as  to  its  being  a  specific  for  constipa- 
tion and  a  preventative  for  appendicitis,  are 
manifestly  misleading.  A  useful  and  unobjec- 
tionable product  if  properly  priced  and  pre- 
sented.) 

Medical  Formula  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(D)  Calocide  Compound.  (A  foot  bath  consisting  of 
alum,  salt  and  gallic  acid.  Might  be  very  draw- 
ing and  drying  to  the  feet,  undesirably  so  un- 
der some  conditions.) 

Mentholatum  Company,  Buffalo,  New  York. 

(D)  Mentholatum.  {A  useful  mixture  of  camphor, 
menthol,  vaseline  and  boric  acid,  but  the  state- 
ment that  it  will  give  even  '^ quick  relief  for 
hay  fever,  pneumonia,  croup,  neuralgia,  rheu- 
matism, etc.,  must  be  considered  decidedly  mis- 
leading.) 

Merck  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Creolin-Pearson.  (An  efficient  disinfectant;  for- 
mer dangerous  claim  of  *^ non-poisonous,''  and 
excessive  claims  as  to  strength  withdrawn;  ap- 
plications and  efficiency  claims  still  somewhat 
too  broad.) 

Moller,  Peter,  London  (Schieffelin  and  Company,  U.  S. 
Agents,  New  York) . 
ir  Hydroxyl-Free  Cod  Liver  Oil.     (A  very  pure,  high 


HOUSEHOLD    REMEDIES  139 

quality  cod  liver  oU.  The  claim  made  that  it 
is  hydroxyl-free  appears  to  he  questionable  and 
claims  as  to  Us  being  a  '* perfect  food,"  ^'a  uni- 
versal remedy,"  etc,  are  deprecated  as  mean- 
ingless exaggeration.) 

Moras,  Dr.  E.  R.,  Highland  Park,  Illinois. 

(D)  Detoxyl.  {A  tablet  consisting  essentially  of  ep- 
som  salts  with  citric  and  tartaric  acids  in  com- 
bination with  soda.  Said  to  cure  practically  all 
known  diseases  from  pneumonia  to  whooping 
cough,  including  typhoid  fever  and  delirium  tre- 
mens, when  used  in  connection  with  the  die- 
tetic and  hygienic  system  outlined  in  the  litera- 
ture. The  claims  are  obviously  impossible  of 
fulfillment.  See  article  in  *^Good  Housekeep- 
ing, April,  1914:.) 
(D)  Eye  Cream.  {A  mixture  of  cocoa  butter  and  lan- 
olin, or  some  similar  fat.  No  medication  what- 
ever could  be  found,  not  even  boric  acid.  A 
small  salve  box  of  this  is  sold  for  $2.  It  is 
claimed  that  all  eye  troubles  can  be  cured  by 
massaging  the  eyelids  with  it.  Pretentions  ob- 
viously misleading  and  impossible  of  fulfill- 
ment.) 

Musterole  Company,  Inc.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

(D)  Musterole.  {A  good  mustard  and  menthol  prep- 
aration, probably  non-blistering  as  claimed, 
but  the  statements  that  it  would  prevent  pneu- 
monia, and  that  there  is  ** nothing  like  it"  for 


140  1001    TESTS 


rheumatism,  pleurisy,  ionsilitis,  etc.,  are  rrUs- 
leading.) 

New  Skin  Company,  98  Grand  Avenue,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
*  New  Skin.     {Essentially  a  flexible  collodion  with 
amyl  acetate;  has  also  antiseptic  properties  hut 
*'germx-UUling*'  powers  are  somewhat  problem- 
atic.) 

Nikola  Chemical  Company,  449  W.  52nd  St.,  New  York, 
N.Y. 
(D)  Nikola  Bathing  Compound  and  Weight  Reducer. 
{Essentially  washing  soda  with  a  little  salt. 
The  claim  that  it  is  *^ Recommended  by  leading 
physicians  here  and  abroad  as  a  weight  reducer 
and  a  preventative  of  gout,  rheumatism,  kidney 
trouble,  and  all  forms  of  shin  diseases"  is  pal- 
pably misleading.) 

Oakland  Chemical  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

"A"  Dioxogen.  {A  most  excellent  household  antisep- 
tic and  germicide.  Claims  in  regard  to  de- 
struction of  diphtheria  and  other  disease  germ^, 
leaving  the  mouth  sterile,  affording  effective  re- 
lief in  hay  fever,  etc.,  too  strong,  but  are  in 
process  of  revision.) 

Olmsted,  Allen  S.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Allen's  Foot  Ease.  {Essentially  talc  and  horic 
acid.  No  curative:  value  for  '^ingrowing  nails 
and  bunions.**) 

Pond's  Extract  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Pond's  Extract.  {Distilled  extract  of  witch 
hazel;  slightly  exaggerated  claims,  though  it  is 


HOUSEHOLD    REMEDIES  141 

not  described  as  a  remedy,  hut  only  for  use  in 
earache,  hoils,  toothache,  neuralgia,  sore  eyes, 
etc;  claim  that  ^*  nothing  else  is  so  healing  to 
the  skin"  is  exaggerated.) 

Potter  Drug  and  Chemical  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 
(D)  Cuticura  Ointment.  {A  vaseline  and  wax  prep- 
aration, perfumed,  depending  essentially  on  the 
small  amount  of  phenol  present  for  its  anti- 
septic value.  Claims  for  its  efficacy  in  treating 
humors,  ulcers,  eczema,  etc.,  greatly  over- 
stated.) 

Pure  Gluten  Food  Company,  90  West  Broadway,  New 
York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Hoyt's    **Sweetina."     (A    preparation    of    sac- 
charin for   the   use   of  diabetics.    Legitimate 
product  if  plainly  named.) 

Rueckheim  Brothers  and  Eckstein,  Chicago,  III. 

(N)  Angelas  Cough  Drops.  (A  horehound  cough 
drop,  flavored  with  sassafras  and  containing 
no  drugs.  25  per  cent,  of  glucose  and  64  per 
cent,  of  sucrose.  Statement  that  it  is  highly 
recommended  for  sore  throat,  is  a  slight  exag- 
geration.) 

Sam  Katz  Company,  1325  South  Michigan  Avenue, 
Chicago,  111. 
(D)  Sam  Katz  Oxygen  Treatment  for  Catarrh. 
(This  treatment  consists  of  four  parts:  (1) 
A  so-called  oxygen  germicide,  consisting  of 
sodium  perborate  flavored  with  cinnamon.  (2) 
Plumose    fiber,    which    is    absorbent    cotton 


142  1001    TESTS 


heavily  impregnated  with  aromatic  substances, 
methyl  salicylate,  menthol,  etc.,  and  (3)  two 
sets  of  tablets  one  of  which  generates  oxygen 
on  treatment  with  acid.  Product  might  have 
some  disinfecting  power  but  is  entirely  unable 
to  fulfill  the  claims  made  for  it  as  a  catarrh  cure 
and  the  claims  based  on  the  liberation  of  oxy- 
gen in  the  stomach  and  intestines  are  unscien- 
tific and  unwarranted.) 
Sargol  Company,  Binghamton,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Sargol.  {The  report  of  State  Chemist  Street 
of  Connecticut  for  1914  includes  the  following 
statement  concerning  Sargol: 

*^The  active  ingredients  identified  in  the  pills 
were  potassium,  sodium,  and  calcium  hypophos- 
phites,  a  magnesium  salt,  strychnin,  and  a  vege- 
table drug  or  drugs  yielding  emodin.  These 
were  associated  in  the  mass  with  soap  and  a  fat 
or  vegetable  oil.  In  other  words  these  are  sim- 
ply tonic  pills  with  laxative  qualities,  and  con- 
tain nothing,  barring  of  course  the  starch  and 
sugar  of  the  coatings,  which  will  offer  nutriment 
to  the  'thin  and  emaciated.^  " 

The  claims  made  are  obviously  absurd,  the 
tonic  value  of  hypophosphites  has  been  dis- 
credited by  the  most  competent  authorities,  and 
the  strychnin  and  laxative  principles  seem  to 
be  the  only  important  ingredients.  They  can 
hardly  make  ''puny,  peevish  people  plump  and 


HOUSEHOLD  REMEDIES  143 

popular,'^  or  dssure  that  '^any  man  or  woman 
can  now  be  plump  and  well  developed.*') 

Spencer  Kellogg  and  Sons,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

"k  Tasteless  Castor  Oil.  {Practically  tasteless  and 
claims  for  its  efficiency  only  slightly  exagger- 
ated.) 

Stearns,  Frederick  and  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

(D)  Headache  Cure.  (Shac.)  {A  typical  headache 
remedy  containing  in  each  wafer  one-half  grain 
of  caffein  and  4  grains  of  acetandlid,  the  latter 
being  a  dangerous  and  heart  depressant  drug 
which  has  no  remedial  value  but  merely  reduces 
the  susceptibility  to  pain.) 

Sterizol  Sales  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(D)  Sterizol,  The  Perfect  Antiseptic.  {An  antiseptic 
mixture  of  sodium  chlorid  and  borax,  with  a 
small  amount  of  menthol  and  thymol.  Sold  for 
$1  a  package  and  recommended  for  practically 
every  known  ill.  Claims  for  its  efficiency  and 
superiority  are  entirely  unwarranted.  Charge 
is  excessive.) 

Sulpho-Napthol  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Sulpho-Napthol.  (A  very  good  coal  tar  prepara- 
tion having  from  2.3  to  3.8  times  the  efficiency 


14A  1001    TESTS 


of  carbolic  acid,  hut  the  extravagant  medicinal 
and  curatiiw  dams  might  prove  misleading  to 
the  laym/m,) 

West  Disinfecting  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
"k  C.  N.  Disinfectant.  {A  very  excellent  phenol, 
cresol,  coal  tar  disinfectant  in  concentrated  soap 
solution;  germicidal  value  nearly  six  times  that 
of  phenol  hut  the  claims,  while  much  moderated 
are  stUl  slightly  hroad.) 

Woolheal  Chemical  Company,  149-151  Church  street, 
New  York,  N.  Y. 
^(D)  iW"ool  Heal.  (A  partially  purified  wool  grease,  in- 
ferior to  the  TJ.  8.  P.  lanolin.  Extravagant 
claims  made  that  it  urill  afford  immediate  re- 
lief in  the  most  distressing  forms  of  pimples, 
and  all  flesh  and  skin  hlemAshes,) 


xm 

LAED,  BUTTEES,  AND  THEIB  SUB* 
STITUTES 

IT  is  quite  impossible  to  certify  without  sanitary 
inspection  to  the  materials  from  which  lard  and 
butter  have  been  made,  but  careful  chemical  tests 
were  made  of  these  products  to  determine  whether 
or  not  they  complied  with  the  standards  as  to  the 
amount  of  moisture  and  the  quality  and  quantity  of 
the  fat  present,  and  were  free  from  artificial  color 
or  preservatives.  Over  and  over  we  are  asked, 
**Is  oleomargarine  wholesome?''  and  **What  is 
Crisco?"  Oleomargarine  may  digest  somewhat 
more  slowly  than  butter  but  this  does  not  prove 
that  it  is  less  nutritious.  There  is  no  reason  why 
it  should  not  be  an  acceptable  food  if  honestly  sold 
at  a  lower  price  than  the  more  delicious,  but  no 
more  wholesome,  butter.  This  is  assuming  that 
the  oleomargarine  is  made  in  a  cleanly  way  from 
pure  neutral  lard,  beef  fat,  or  vegetable  oils,  with 
or  without  the  admixture  of  cream  or  butter. 

Crisco,  the  much  advertised  cooking  fat,  is  made 
from  cotton  seed  oil  by  a  special  process  which 
solidifies  it    There  are  no  scientific  data  as  to  its 

145 


146  1001    TESTS 


relative  digestibility,  but  as  far  as  we  know  it  is  a 
perfectly  wholesome  and  efficient  substitute  for 
cooking  butter  and  lard.  Claims  made  as  to  its 
taking  the  place  of  butter  in  cake  making  and  the 
superiority  of  foods  that  are  cooked  in  it,  open  up 
a  debatable  field  to  put  it  mildly.  Cooks  will 
doubtless  disagree  on  these  points.  It  is  said 
to  be  richer  than  butter  because  it  contains  less 
water  and  therefore,  has  relatively  more  fat  in  a 
given  bulk.  To  this  extent  it  is  more  economical. 
The  question  of  flavoring  and  consistency,  how- 
ever, would  enter  into  cake  making  and  it  is  ques- 
tionable whether  it  takes  the  place  of  butter  for 
such  uses ;  as  a  frying  medium,  it  undoubtedly  has 
certain  physical  properties  which  are  advantage- 
ous. Moreover  butter  has  a  special  value  in  pro- 
moting growth  not  possessed  by  any  other  fats. 

The  peanut  butters  so  extensively  used  now, 
especially  for  children,  are  included  in  this  section. 
These  products  offer  in  concentrated  form  a  ration 
very  high  in  two  of  the  principal  food  elements. 
All  of  the  products  approved  contained  45  per  cent, 
or  more  of  fat,  about  29  per  cent,  of  protein,  and 
approximately  22  per  cent,  of  carbohydrates. 
These  are  plainly  rich,  highly  nutritious  foods  to 
be  eaten  in  small  quantities,  rather  than  perfectly 
balanced  foods  for  a  general  diet. 


LARD,    BUTTERS,    SUBSTITUTES      147 

TESTED  LARD,  BUTTERS  AND  THEIR  SUB- 
STITUTES 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {2V)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  prodiicts 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Ammon  and  Pearson,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

^  Oleomargarine,  Baby  Brand.  (A  properly  la- 
beled and  acceptable  oleomargarine,  uncolored. 
Has  no  right  to  appellation  '^  Creamery  But- 
terine,"  which  is  sometimes  used  and  is  mis- 
leading.) 

Armour  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  ^I'mour's  ** Simon  Pure"  Leaf  Lard. 

Beechnut  Packing  Company,  Canajoharie,  N.  Y. 

*  Beechnut  Brand  Peanut  Butter. 
Bosman  and  Lohman  Company,  Norfolk,  Va. 

*  Nut-Let  Peanut  Butter. 

Carque  Pure  Food  Company,  Los  Angeles,  California. 

*  Carque 's  Nut  Cream  Butter.     {Ground  nuts  with 

cocoanut;     somewhat     extravagant     nutritive 
claims.) 

Forest  Home  Farm,  Purcellville,  Md. 

*  Lard. 

Fairbank,  N.  K.,  Company,  Chicago  and  New  York. 
ic  Cottolene.     {Cotton  seed  oil  and  beef  stearin,  un- 
colored.) 


148  1001    TESTS 


Fox  River  Butter  Company. 

*  Pure  Butter,     i^^* Absolutely  Ture"  claim  dhjec- 

tionahle,    as    always.    An    excelleni    product, 
however,  with  very  low  moisture  content,  show- 
ing careful  preparation,) 
Heinz,  H.  J.,  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Peanut  Butter. 

Hills  Brothers  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Datenut  Butter. 

Jones  Dairy  Farm,  Fort  Atkinson,  Wisconsin. 

*  Pure  Lard. 

Morehouse  Mills,  Chicago,  and  Los  Angeles. 

*  Mrs.  Morehouse's  Peanut  Butter. 
Morris  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

ic  Marigold  Oleomargarine. 
Proctor  and  Gamble  Company,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

^k  Crisco.     (Cottonseed  oil  solidified  by  a  special 
process.) 
Swift  and  Company,  Chicago. 

(N)  Silver-Leaf  Brand  Lard.     {Of  good  quality  hut 
does  not  comply  with  requirements  for  a  **leaf 
lard,  use  of  the  words  '^Silver-Leaf  Brand' ^  con- 
sidered misleading.) 
-k  Swift's  Premium  Oleomargarine. 

*  Swift's  Jersey  Brand  Oleomargarine. 


xiv; 

MEATS--(CANNED,  DEIED,  ETC.) 

IN  many  of  the  dried  meats  potassium  nitrate 
(saltpetre)  is  present  in  small  amounts.  It  is 
not  needed  to  preserve  these  products  but  is  used 
solely  to  give  the  reddish  color  of  fresh  meat  to 
the  smoked  or  dried  meat.  Its  use  has  never  been 
forbidden  by  official  ruling,  and  only  very  small 
amounts  are  found,  but  the  purpose  for  which  it  is 
used  is  clearly  misleading,  and  since  nitrate  of 
potassium  is  rarely  employed  at  present,  even  for 
therapeutic  purposes,  because  it  is  inferior  to  the 
harmless  vegetable  potassium  salts,  and  next  to  the 
cyanid  and  chlorate  of  potassium  salts  is  consid- 
ered the  most  poisonous  of  this  class  of  bodies,  it 
seems  to  me  obvious  that  its  use  in  a  food  product 
is  undesirable.  The  lowest  passing  mark  has  been 
given  to  the  recently  examined  products  contain- 
ing not  more  than  0.1  per  cent,  of  potassium  ni- 
trate, if  otherwise  of  high  grade. 

TESTED  MEATS  AND  MEAT  PRODUCTS, 
(CANNED,  DEIED,  ETC.) 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  b€t\reen  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
{D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

14,9 


150  1001    TESTS 


Annour  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Sliced  Dried  Beef.     (Short  weight  and  a  trace  o] 
saltpetre  present.) 
Beech-Nut  Packing  Company,  Canajoharie,  N.  Y. 

*  Beech-Nut  Brand  Sliced  Beef. 

*  Beeeh-Nut  Brand  Sliced  Bacon, 

Cresca  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Pate  de  Foies  Gras  Aux  Truffes  du  Perigord  Stras- 

bourg (Alsace)  Germany. 

Derby,  H.  C,  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Derby  Brand  Lambs  Tongues. 

Ferris,  F.  A.  and  Company. 

*  Our  Trade  Mark  Ham. 

*  Boneless  Bacon. 

Forest  Home  Farm,  Purcellville,  yirginia. 
'k  Scrapple  (unlabeled). 

*  Sausage. 

*  Virginia  Ham. 

Frank,  L.,  and  Son,  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin.  {Bought  oj 
C.  Jevne  and  Company,  32  South  Wabash 
Avenue,  Chicago,  III.) 

*  Lax  Ham. 

*  Liver  Sausage. 

*  Summer  Sausage. 

Grand  View  Farm  Produce  Company,  Lancaster.  Pa. 

*  Pork  Sausage. 

Gordon  and  Dilworth,  New  York  City. 

*  Calves  Foot  and  Head  Jelly. 


MEATS    (CANNED,   DRIED,   ETC.)      151 

Hormel,  G.  A.  and  Company,  Austin,  Mitm. 

*  Dairy  Brand  Bacon. 

*  Dairy  Brand  Ham. 

Houston  Packing  Company,  Houston,  Texas. 

(N)  Cooked  Whole  Ox  Tongue — Red   Cross  Brand. 

{Small  amount  of  saltpetre  present.) 
(N)  Cooked    Compressed    Corned    Beef — Red    Cross 
Brand.     (Small  amount  of  saltpetre  present.) 

Jones  Dairy  Farm,  Fort  Atkinson,  iWis. 

*  Bacon. 

*  Ham. 

*  Little  Sausage. 

Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Wafer  Sliced  Dried  Beef.  (Small  amount  of  salt- 
petre present.) 

(N)  Potted  Meat,  Beef  Ham  Flavor.  (A  compound 
honestly  labeled  hut  not  of  high  quality.) 

'k  Boneless  Chicken. 

*  Deviled  Ham. 

(N)  Veal  Loaf  with  Pork  and  Beef  Product  (A  miS' 
cellaneous  mixture  not  of  high  quality.) 

Pond,  E.  K.  Packing  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Derby  Brand  Boneless  Chicken.  (Coarse, 
stringy,  not  high  quality,  prolahly  old  fowls.) 

Richardson  and  Robbins,  Dover,  Delaware. 

*  Boned  Chicken. 

*  Potted  Ham. 


162  1001    TESTS 


Swift  and  Company,  U.  S.  A. 
(N)  Premium  Ham. 
(N)  Premium  Bacon  Sliced. 

(Small  amount  of  saltpetre  present,  good  qual^ 
ity  otherwise.) 

*  Premium  Bacon  (Slab). 

Underwood,  W.  M.,  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Original  Deviled  Ham. 


OLTVE  OILS,  ETC, 

THE  olive  oils  examined  uphold  the  opinion 
that  nnder  the  law  this  product  as  imported 
is  no  longer  adulterated  to  any  extent.  Nearly  all 
the  samples  complied  with  the  standards.  Occa- 
sionally, some  dealer  mixes  cottonseed  oil  with 
olive  oil  after  it  is  received  in  this  country,  as  the 
difference  in  price  makes  the  adulteration  a  most 
profitahle  one.  The  cotton  seed  oil,  however,  is,  as 
far  as  we  know,  just  as  nutritious  and  wholesome 
as  the  olive  oil,  hut  merely  has  less  flavor,  is  less 
delicious  and  should  be  properly  sold  under  its  own 
name  and  at  a  lower  price. 

Careful  organoleptic  tests  were  made  of  six  of 
the  olive  oils  examined,  which  all  complied  with  the 
standards  as  far  as  chemical  analysis  could  deter- 
mine, to  see  whether  any  difference  in  quality  could 
be  detected  by  an  unprejudiced  jury.  The  three  im- 
ported oils  included  in  the  test,  namely,  Artaud, 
Barton  and  Guestier,  and  the  Lucca  oil  of  S.  Eae 
and  Company,  were  plainly  of  deep  color,  and  rich, 
characteristic  flavor  and  odor.    The  Pompeian  Oil 

153 


J 


154  1001    TESTS 


was  paler  in  color  and  blander,  the  flavor  and  odor 
not  being  so  marked ;  while  the  Heinz  oil  was  unan- 
imously considered  to  have  the  mildest  flavor  and 
odor,  and  the  palest  color ;  one  juror,  however,  pre- 
ferred it  on  this  account.  This  seems  to  establish 
the  point  that  personal  taste  enters  too  largely  into 
these  fine  distinctions  of  quality  to  afford  any  basis 
for  discrimination  and  all  of  the  oils  starred  are  at 
least  pure  olive  oils  complying  with  the  standards. 
All  edible  oils  are  easily  digested  and  furnish 
heat  and  energy  with  small  effort  on  the  part  of  the 
body.  They  spare  the  carbohydrates  and  so  indi- 
rectly may  be  fattening;  besides  their  nutritive 
value  and  easy  digestibility,  they  serve  as  a  mild, 
natural  laxative. 

TESTED  OLIVE  OILS,  ETC. 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
{D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Acker,  Merrall  and  Condit  Company,  New  York  City. 

*  Olive  Oil. 

Artaud,  J.  B.,  and  A.  Freres,  Marseilles,  France. 

*  Pure  Olive  Oil. 


Barton  and  Gueatier,  Bordeaux,  France. 
*  Olive  Oil. 


OLIVE    OILS,    ETC.  155 

Calvet  and  Company,  Water  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Huile  d 'Olive. 

Campbell  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(D)  Campbeirs  Kooking  Oil.  {Chiefly  a  cottonseed 
oil  with  some  olive  oil  and  possibly  a  little  com 
oil.  Extravagant  claims  as  to  heing  a  Mend  of 
fruit  and  vegetable  oils,  producing  a  product 
more  healthy  than  lard  or  butter.  Claims  not 
to  compete  with  cottonseed  oil  when  it  is 
largely  cottonseed.) 

Castle,  The  W.  A.,  Company,  Springfield,  Mass. 

*  Cream  Olive  Oil. 
Chiris,  Antoine,  Grasse,  France. 

*  Huile  d 'Olive,  Surfine,  U.  S.  P. 

Heinz,  H.  J.,  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Pure  Olive  Oil,  Imported.     {A  hland  light  oU, 

authentic  but  not  as  rich  in  color  and  flavor 
as  the  other  starred  products.) 

Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Olive  Oil,  Pure,  Imported. 

Maspero,  C,  Inc.,  (Packers) — ^Lucca,  Italy. 

(N)  Lucca  Olive  Oil,   Extra  Fine.     {Short  measure 
and  slightly  below  standard  requirements  in 
some  particulars,  though  no  adulterants  could 
be  identified.) 
Mentoni  Company,  The,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Italian  Olive  Oil,  Rudelco  Brand.  (Good  qual- 
ity, but  short  weight.) 


156  1001    TESTS 


^1 


Pompeian  Company,  Washin^on,  D.  C. 

*  Olive  Oil,  Pompeian  Brand. 

Rae,  S.,  and  Company,  Leghorn. 
ik  Lucca  Oil,  Finest  Sublime. 

Southern  Cotton  Oil  Company,  24  Broad  Street,  New 
York,  N.  Y. 

*  Wesson  Snowdrift  Oil.     {A  good  cottonseed  oil 

properly  labeled,) 


XVI 
PEESEEVES,  PICKLES,  ETC. 

PEESEEVES,  jams,  and  jellies  are  mucli  more 
liable  to  be  compounded  and  adulterated  than 
are  the  canned  goods  which  depend  simply  upon 
sterilization  for  their  preservation  and  are  not 
mixtures.  The  housekeeper  should  read  the  label 
on  all  preserves  very  carefully.  Artificial  coloring 
and  chemical  preservatives,  glucose,  instead  of 
sugar,  the  use  of  more  sugar  than  fruit,  giving  a 
characterless  product,  and  the  mixing  of  fruit 
residues  with  apple  are  all  faults  to  be  looked  out 
for  with  this  class  of  products.  Fruits  that  have 
already  done  service  in  making  jelly  may  be  used 
again  in  preserves  and  some  times  phosphoric  acid 
and  citric  acid  are  added  to  make  up  for  the  lacking 
flavor  of  the  fresh  fruit.  Careful  label  reading 
will  go  far  to  protect  the  housewife  on  these  points. 
While,  of  course,  entirely  wholesome  products 
may  be  made  by  using  apples  or  apple  juice  for  the 
foundation  and  merely  flavoring  it  with  other 
fruits,  these  are  not  of  high  quality  and  if  they  con- 
sist principally  of  apple  juice  they  should  be 

157 


158  1001    TESTS 


labeled  apple  jelly  or  jam,  flavored  with  raspberry, 
or  strawberry.  They  have  no  right  to  the  title 
** raspberry  jam"  when  they  consist  principally  of 
apple,  a  much  cheaper  fruit.  Whenever  the  word 
** compound''  appears  upon  the  label  it  is  a  signal 
of  distress.  These  compounds  uniformly  contain 
cheaper  ingredients  than  the  straight  product 
which  they  are  intended  to  replace.  In  other 
words,  the  term  is  usually  a  synonym  for  adultera- 
tion. Compound  preserves,  as  a  rule,  consist 
largely  of  glucose  and  derive  what  little  fruit  fla- 
vor they  have  from  apple  and  the  residues  of  other 
fruits.  Compounding  is  simply  cheapening  a 
product  with  a  view  to  deception  and  the  preserve 
and  jam  should  represent  the  pure  type  of  its  re- 
spective kind,  if  quality  is  to  be  attained. 

Alum,  a  substance  of  very  dubious  healthful- 
ness,  sometimes  used  to  give  crispness,  and  cop- 
per sulphate  to  give  a  vivid  green  color,  are  to  be 
avoided  in  pickles.  All  of  the  products  certified 
in  this  list  contain  a  due  amount  of  the  fresh  fruit 
from  which  the  product  is  named,  give  fair  weight 
and  are  free  from  glucose,  preservatives,  and 
added  color.  Beading  the  label  carefully  is  al- 
most a  sure  protection  on  these  points. 


PRESERVES,   PICKLES,    ETC.        159 

TESTED  PRESERVES,  PICKLES,  ETC. 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  lees;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Acker,  Merrall  and  Condit  Company,  New  York  Citj. 

*  Currant  Jelly,  Black. 

*  Currant  Jelly,  Red. 

American  Fruit  Product  Company,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Clarendon  Brand  Blackberry  and  Apple  Pure 
Jam.  {No  distinctive  flavor,  prohdbly  should 
he  labeled  *' Apple  and  Blackberry.'^  No  glu- 
cose present;  a  cheap,  harmless  product  but  not 
of  ''star*'  quality.) 

Austin-Nichols  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Red  Raspberry  Preserves. 

*  Preserved  Damsons. 

Beech-Nut  Packing  Company,  Canajoharie,  N.  Y. 

*  Currant  Jelly. 

*  Grape,  Concord,  Jam. 

*  Grape  Fruit  Marmalade. 

*  Quince  Jelly. 

*  Strawberry  Jam. 

Cresca  Company,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Pistachios.  (13  per  cent,  of  glucose  was  present 
in  the  syrup  in  which  these  nuts  were  packed^ 
should  have  been  declared  on  the  label.) 

*  Rose  Leaves.     (A  jam.) 


160  1001    TESTS 


Crosse  and  Blackwell,  London,  England. 

*  Apricot,  Fresh  Fruit  Jam. 

*  Chow  Chow. 

*  Gooseberry,  Fresh  Fruit  Jam. 

*  Marmalade,  Pure  Orange. 

*  Mixed  Pickle. 

*  Strawberry,  Fresh  Fruit  Jam. 
Cruikshanks  Brothers  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

(N)  Apple  and  Currant  Jelly.  {No  distinctive  flavor. 
Correctly  labeled  as  it  is  prohaUy  an  apple 
jelly,  slightly  flavored  with  currant.  No  glu- 
cose, A  cheap,  harmless  product,  hut  not  of 
*'star"  quality.) 
Curtice  Brothers  Company,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

(D~)  Blackberries,  Preserved.     {Preserved  with  sodium 
henzoate.) 

(D)  Pineapple  Marmalade,  with  10  per  cent.  Apple 
Juice. 

(D)  Quince,  Fresh  Fruit  Jam  with  10  per  cent.  Apple 
Juice. 

(D)  Strawberry,  Fresh  Fruit  Jam  with  10  per  cent. 
Apple  Juice. 

(D)  Raspberry,  Fresh  Fruit  Jam  with  10  per  cent. 
Apple  Juice. 

{Last  four  products  contain  approximately  ten 
per  cent,  of  '^corn  syrup''  {glucose),  ten  per 
cent,  of  apple  juice  and  one-tenth  of  one  per 
cent,  of  henzoate  of  soda,  all  declared  on  the 
label,) 


PRESERVES,    PICKLES,    ETC.        161 

Ehman  Olive  Company,  Oroville,  Cal. 

*  California  Ehman  Ripe  Olives. 

Gordon  and  Dilworth,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Orange  Marmalade,  Pure  Fruit  Jam. 

*  Pineapple,  Pure  Fruit  Jam. 

*  Raspberry,  Pure  Fruit  Jam. 

(*^ Absolutely  pure"  claim  objectionable  a>s  al- 
ways.) 

Heinz,  H.  J.,  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Currant  Jelly. 

*  Euchred  Pickle,  sweet. 
"5^  Strawberry  Preserves. 

Humbert  and  Andrews,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

*  Raspberry  Jam,  Acme  Brand. 

*  Strawberry  Jam,  Acme  Pure. 

Jefferson  Pickle  Company,  Richmond,  Va. 

(N)  Sweet  Gherkins.    F.  F.  V.     Crystallized  Pickles. 
(Pichles  somewhat  tough  and  shriveled.) 

Kidd,  Mrs.  E.  G.,  Richmond,  Va. 

*  Pin  Money  Pickles — Gherkins. 

Leggett,  Francis  H.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Raspberry  Preserves. 

Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Queen  Olives. 

*  Red  Raspberry  Preserves. 

*  Pure  Strawberry  Preserves. 

*  Sweet  Midgets. 


162  1001    TESTS 


Morehouse  Mills,  Chicago  and  Los  Angeles. 
Mrs.  Morehouse 's  Pure  Fruit  Jellies. 

(N)  Crabapple. 

(N)  Currant  and  Apple. 

(N)  Grape  and  Apple. 

(N)  Raspberry  and  Apple. 

(Considered  mishranded  as  there  is  30  per  cent, 
of  apple  juice  present  and  only  20  per  cent,  of 
the  fruit  from  which  the  product  takes  its  name, 
according  to  declaration  on  the  label.  Should 
he  labeled  ''apple  jelly  flavored  with  grape,  cur- 
rant, etc.  Flavor  due  to  the  special  fruit 
named  very  slight.) 

Olney  Canning  Company,  Burt,  Oneida,  N.  Y. 

*  Strawberries,  Burt  Olney 's. 

Pratt-Low  Preserving  Company,  Santa  Clara,  Cal. 

*  Green  Gage  Plums. 

Robertson  Preserve  Company,  James,  The,  iWest  Som- 
erville,  Boston,  Mass. 
"At  Golden  Shred  Pure  Orange  Marmalade. 


XVII 
SUGAES  AND  SACCHAEINE  PRODUCTS 

THE  principal  sugar  of  commerce  is  known  as 
sucrose.  It  is  produced  almost  exclusively 
from  the  sugar  beet  and  the  sugar  cane.  The 
quantity  made  from  the  sugar  beet,  considering 
the  world's  production,  is  considerably  greater 
than  that  made  from  sugar  cane.  Chemically,  the 
sugar  from  the  sugar  beet  and  that  from  the  sugar 
cane  are  identical,  but  this  is  only  true  when  both 
are  pure.  Raw  sugars  from  the  cane  and  from 
the  beet  differ  most  markedly.  Raw  cane  sugars 
are  aromatic,  good  tasting,  good  smelling  and  de- 
licious. Raw  beet  sugars  are  soapy,  bad  smelling, 
bad  tasting,  and  unedible.  These  differences  are 
caused  by  the  natural  differences  in  the  ingredi- 
ents of  the  cane  and  the  beet.  The  sugar  beet  con- 
tains large  quantities  of  potash.  When  heated 
the  potash  unites  with  the  fatty  and  oily  matters 
present  in  the  beet  and  produces  soaps  of  a  bad 
smelling  and  tasting  character.  The  potash  salts 
themselves  are  bitter.  The  juice  of  the  sugar  cane 
contains  very  little  mineral  matter  and  no  un- 

163 


164  flOOl    TESTS 


savory  products  are  formed  when  they  are  sub- 
jected to  heat.  The  natural  aromatic  substances 
of  the  cane  give  rise  to  pleasant  odors  about  a 
cane  factory,  while  just  the  opposite  obtains  at  a 
beet  factory.  It  is  sometimes  possible  to  distin- 
guish a  refined  beet  sugar  from  cane  sugar  by 
its  odor,  especially  if  it  is  kept  in  a  closed  con- 
tainer. 

The  pure  granulated  sugars  made  from  the 
sugar  beet  and  sugar  cane  are  equally  useful  for 
domestic  purposes.  Some  manufacturers  and 
housewives  prefer  cane  sugar  for  the  making  of 
cake,  preserves,  jams,  jellies,  etc.,  and  also  cane 
sugar  is  preferred  by  many  confectioners.  For 
ordinary  sweetening  purposes,  however,  for  coffee, 
tea,  etc.,  there  is  no  difference  between  a  pure 
high  grade  cane  sugar  and  a  pure  high  grade  beet 
sugar.  In  the  United  States  the  sugars  which  are 
consumed  are  chiefly  cane;  in  a  consumption  of 
four  million  tons  only  about  seven  hundred  thou- 
sand tons  are  derived  from  the  beet. 

Invert  sugar,  which  comprises  almost  the  whole 
of  honey,  and  a  considerable  portion  of  molasses 
and  syrups,  is  a  mixture  of  two  sugars  obtained 
from  cane  or  beet  sugar  by  a  process  which  is 
known  as  inversion.  Invert  sugar  is  sweeter  than 
sucrose  itself  and  is  more  difficult  to  crystallize, 


SUGARS,    SYRUPS,    ETC.  165 

hence,  it  is  an  ideal  constituent  of  honeys,  syrups 
and  molasses. 

The  white  sugars  of  commerce  are  practically  all 
of  a  very  high  grade,  being  99.5  per  cent,  pure  and 
over.  The  remainder  consists  of  ash  and  mois- 
ture. Low  grade  sugars  have  almost  disappeared 
from  the  American  market.  We  still  have  a  few 
brown  sugars  which  represent  the  second  and  third 
grades  of  the  refinery.  These  brown  sugars  con- 
tain considerable  quantities  of  moisture  and  ash, 
and  also  a  little  invert  sugar.  They  are  preferred 
for  some  purposes,  in  cooking  and  candy-making, 
to  the  pure  white  sugars. 

Pure  white  sugars  come  in  three  forms,  namely, 
cut  or  loaf  sugars,  granulated  sugar  and  powdered 
sugar.  These  are  all  practically  of  equal  grade. 
There  are  certain  forms  of  lump  sugar  that  are 
very  carefully  crystallized  and  broken,  such,  for 
instance,  as  crystal  domino,  that  sell  for  a  much 
higher  price  than  the  ordinary  granulated  sugars. 
These  high  price  sugars,  however,  do  not  have  any 
greater  sweetening  power  than  those  ordinarily 
found  upon  the  market. 

A  great  many  people  do  not  understand  the  dif- 
ference between  molasses  and  syrups.  There  is  a 
distinct  commercial  difference  recognized.  Mo- 
lasses is  a  by-product  of  sugar-making,  in  other 


166  1001    TESTS 


words,  after  the  sugar  has  crystallized  the  residual 
liquid  portions  are  separated  and  constitute  the 
molasses.  Molasses  is  found  in  three  different 
grades,  namely,  firsts,  seconds,  and  thirds  or  black- 
strap ;  meaning  the  product  from  the  first,  second 
and  third  crystallizations  respectively.  The  mo- 
lasses is  separated  by  a  machine  known  as  a  cen- 
trifugal, but  in  the  early  days  of  sugar-making  the 
molasses  was  separated  by  gravity,  leaving  a 
brown  sugar  of  rich  and  aromatic  character  and 
producing  a  molasses  of  the  finest  quality.  This 
old  fashioned  New  Orleans  molasses  is  no  longer 
obtainable  in  the  markets. 

Syrups  are  the  product  of  the  direct  condensa- 
tion of  the  expressed  juices  of  the  sugar-producing 
plants  without  the  separation  of  any  sugar.  The 
only  treatment  which  syrups  should  receive  is  that 
of  cleansing  during  the  process  of  evaporation. 
Thus  the  sap  of  the  maple  when  evaporated  to  a 
proper  consistency  produces  maple  syrup.  The 
same  is  true  of  the  sap  of  the  sugar  cane  and  of 
sorghum.  These  three  kinds  of  syrup  are  prac- 
tically the  only  natural  syrups  on  the  market.  In 
addition  to  these,  a  large  class  of  so-called  syrups 
is  made  by  mixing.  The  base  of  the  mixture  is 
usually  glucose,  incorrectly  called  **corn  syrup." 
Glucose  can  be  made  of  potatoes,  as  well  as  of  In- 


SUGARS,    SYRUPS,    ETC.  167 

dian  corn  and  if  it  is  to  be  called  a  syrup  at  all  it 
should  be  called  either  com  starch  syrup  or  potato 
starch  syrup,  as  the  case  may  be.  According  to 
the  standards  fixed  by  the  Secretary  of  Agricul- 
ture, according  to  law,  the  term  ** syrup"  unquali- 
fied signifies  only  the  concentrated  sap  or  juice  of 
a  sugar-producing  plant.  The  mixing  of  syrups 
is  more  or  less  misleading  in  character ;  as  an  ex- 
ample, the  following  may  be  cited.  Glucose  in  its 
natural  state  is  never  sold  nor  used  as  a  table 
syrup.  The  so-called  refiners'  syrup,  which  is 
the  last  liquid  product  of  the  refinery,  has  such  a 
salty  taste,  and  such  a  peculiar  flavor,  acquired 
during  the  process  of  manufacture,  as  to  be  prac- 
tically inedible.  A  large  business  is  done  in  this 
country  by  mixing  glucose  with  refiner's  syrup  or 
sugar  syrup  and  selling  them  as  a  table  syrup 
under  various  fancy  names,  such  as  Karo,  Velva, 
etc. 

There  are  many  mixtures  of  maple  syrup  with 
other  syrups,  especially  sugar  syrup.  In  some 
States  the  percentages  of  the  mixtures  are 
required  to  be  named  upon  the  label.  This  should 
be  the  case  everywhere.  The  quantity  of  maple 
syrup  employed  is  usually  extremely  minute, 
scarcely  sufficient  to  give  the  definite  maple  flavor, 
yet  such  syrups  are  sold  under  such  a  guise  as  to 


168  1001    TESTS 


indicate  to  the  consumer  that  they  are  largely  the 
product  of  maple.  The  pure  food  law  has  proved 
to  be  a  great  protection  to  the  buyers  of  maple  and 
other  syrups,  but  it  is  not  as  complete  a  protection 
as  could  be  hoped.  The  consumer  who  goes  into  a 
grocery  store  to-day  and  asks  for  syrup  is  not  very 
apt  to  get  an  article  which  properly  bears  that 
name.  He  is  more  likely  to  secure  a  mixture  of 
different  kinds  of  syrups  than  to  secure  a  pure 
cane,  maple  or  sorghum  product. 

The  use  of  sulphur  fumes  in  clarifying  saccha- 
rine juices  and  of  solutions  of  salts  of  tin  in 
whitening  sugar  in  the  centrifugal  machines,  in- 
troduces into  the  residual  molasses  these  two  ob- 
jectionable products.  Any  notable  quantity  of 
these  products,  especially  of  sulphur  dioxide  would 
lead  to  the  placing  of  the  article  in  the  noncom- 
mittal or  disapproved  classes.  With  misgivings, 
I  have  starred  samples  of  molasses  containing  not 
over  0.007  per  cent,  of  sulphur  dioxide,  according 
them  the  lowest  rating  for  a  **  star"  product,  to  this 
extent  overlooking  this  minute  amount  of  sulphur 
dioxide,  because  of  the  otherwise  exceptionally 
good  qualities  of  the  product  and  the  condition  of 
the  trade  and  official  rulings  on  this  point. 

Honey  is  composed  almost  exclusively  of  invert 
sugar,  "vrhich  is  gathered  by  bees  from  flowers  and 


SUGARS,    SYRUPS,   ETC.  169 

stored  in  the  comb.  The  temptation  to  adulterate, 
especially  the  strained  honeys,  is  great,  inasmuch 
as  the  addition  of  glucose,  of  a  syrup  made  from 
invert  sugar,  or  of  pure  cane  sugar  syrup  can  be 
profitably  practiced.  These  forms  of  adultera- 
tion, however,  are  easily  detected  by  the  chemist 
and  the  practice  is  much  less  prevalent  than  was 
formerly  the  case. 

TESTED  SUGARS  AND  SACCHARINE 
PRODUCTS 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100 j  (^)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
{D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Adirondacks  Maple  Company,  Lowville,  Lewis  County, 
N.  Y. 

*  Pride     of     the     Ad-i-ron-daeks     Maple     Syrup. 

{On  retesting  product  showed  marked  improve- 
ment,  complying  with  all  requirements  except 
that  it  contained  2  per  cent,  too  much  water.) 
American  Sugar  Refining  Company. 

*  Crystal  Domino  Sugar. 

*  Crystal  Domino  Confectioner's  Sugar. 

*  Crystal  Domino  Granulated  Extra  Fine  Sugar. 

*  Crystal  Domino  Powdered  Sugar. 

*  Crystal  Domino  Cane  Sugar  Syrup.     {Largely  in- 


170  1001    TESTS 


vert   sugar   with   'probably   a    little    refiner's 
syrup.) 

Corn  Products  Refining  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(D)  Karo,  Dark  Colored.  {Largely  glucose,  with  ap- 
proximately 10  to  15  per  cent,  of  refiner's 
syrup,  the  last  product  of  the  sugar  refinery. 
Not  a  true  edible  syrup,  as  it  consists  largely 
of  dextrin,  which  is  not  a  sugar  at  all,  and 
the  standards  and  usage  require  that  an  edible 
syrup  should  be  a  sugar  or  saccharine  product. 
Not  a  ''corn  syrup*'  hut  a  ''corn  starch  syrup," 
or  commercial  glucose  flavored  with  refiner's 
syrup.) 
(D)  Karo,  Light  Colored.  {Consists  largely  of  glu- 
cose and  approximately  10  per  cent,  of  sugar 
syrup  and  flavoring  material,  vanilla.  The 
comment  made  above  applies  to  this  product 
also.) 

Duff,  P.,  and  Sons,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

ic  New   Orleans   Molasses.     {Minute    quantities    of 
sulphur  dioxide  and  tin  present.) 

Heam  and  Jones,  New  Orleans,  La. 

*  Woman's  Club  Brand,  Pure  Molasses.     {Minute 

quantities  of  sulphur  dioxide  and  tin  present.) 
Humbert  and  Andrews,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

*  Acme  Brand  Pure  Strained  Honey. 

Leggett,  Francis  H.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Premier  Brand  Strained  Honey. 


I 


SUGARS,    SYRUPS,    ETC.  171 

Leslie-Dunham  and  Company,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

(N)  Leslie's  Maple  Syrup.  (A  border  line  product, 
mineral  ingredients  are  too  low  for  a  first-class 
maple  syrup;  either  a  very  poor  run  or  a  mix- 
ture.) 

Love,  J.  S.,  Hattiesburg,  Miss. 

*  Pure  Cane  Molasses.     {Really  a  high  grade  cane 

syrup,  incorrectly  called  molasses.) 

New  England  Maple  S5a*up  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Golden  Tree  Pure  Honey. 

(N)  Vermont  Maple  Sap  Syrup.  {A  border  line 
product.  Claims  ^^ choicest  quality,  absolutely 
pure,*'  which  it  is  not.  May  have  been  the  last 
run  of  the  sap,  or  the  product  of  a  poor  sea- 
son.) 

Park  and  Tilford,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Amber  Syrup.     (A  pure  sugar  solution.    Term 

^^ amber"  slightly  misleading,  as  there  is  a  rec- 
ognized variety  of  sorghum  syrup  bearing  that 
name.) 
Penick  and  Ford,  New  Orleans,  La. 

^  Velva  Brand  Breakfast  Syrup.  (Green  label. 
Contained  a  minute  amount  of  sulphur  dioxid.) 
(D)  Velva  Syrup.  {Bed  label.  Cane  syrup,  and  40 
per  cent,  of  glucose.  Contains  more  sucrose 
than  Karo  but  the  same  type  of  product.  A 
sub-label  declares  the  presence  of  *'corn  syrup.'' 
Misleading  because  ^' Velva  Brand"  breakfast 


1T«  1001    TESTS 


syrup  is  a  true  syrup  while  this  is  a  cheap  mix- 
ture sold  under  the  same  brand  name,) 
Stromeyer,  J.,  and  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Stromeyer  Brand  **Penn  Mar"  of  Fancy  Table 

Syrup.  (A  good  sugar  syrup  with  a  little  high 
grade  refiner's  syrup  added;  generally  extrav- 
agant claims  made  for  its  fame  and  delicious- 
ness.) 

Towle  Maple  Products  Company,  St.  Johnsbury,  Yt. 
(N)  Log  Cabin  Syrup.  {Analysis  indicates  about  20 
per  cent,  of  maple.  The  Towle  process  appears 
to  ^^  mellow  and  preserve  the  delicate  maple 
flavor' '  chiefly  by  diluting  the  maple.  Such  a 
claim  is  misleading  though  statement  is  made  on 
label  "Made  of  pure  cane  sugar  and  maple 
sugar.*') 

Vagt,  R.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

*  Emerson  Brand  Pure  Honey. 

Vermont  Maple  Sugar  Maker's  Market,  Randolph,  Ver- 
mont. 
(N)  Vermont  Maple  Syrup.  {A  border  line  product, 
deficient  in  the  mineral  substances,  which  are 
characteristic  of  a  true,  high-grade  maple 
syrup.) 

Welch  Brothers  Maple  Company,  Burlington,  Vt. 

*  Vermont  Maple  Syrup.     {Slightly  deficient  in  the 

mineral  substances  characteristic  of  a  high-grade 
maple  syrup,  but  complies  with  all  other  re- 
quirements and  is  properly  concentrated.) 


XVIII 

TOILET  AETICLES 

COLD  CREAMS 

MANY  are  the  inquiries  received  concerning 
the  relative  merits  of  cold  creams,  the  beau- 
tifying claims  made  for  them,  the  best  types  to  be 
used,  which  ones  will  grow  hair  on  the  face  and 
which  will  not,  presence  of  harmful  ingredients, 
etc. 

There  are  three  principal  types  of  cold  creams ; 
first,  the  grease  creams,  which  have  a  base  of 
petroleum  or  vaseline,  with  a  little  wax  and  sper- 
maceti, which  is  the  commonest  type ;  second,  the 
greaseless  or  ** vanishing'*  creams  which  consist 
chiefly  of  glycerin  and  soap ;  and  third,  the  casein 
preparations,  such  as  the  Pompeian  cream.  If 
the  massaging  with  cold  creams  causes  hair  to 
grow  on  the  face  it  is  due  to  the  stimulation  of  the 
circulation  rather  than  to  the  grease.  This  theory 
has  led  nearly  all  makers  of  face  creams  loudly  to 
denounce  their  competitors'  products,  as  ^* Hair- 
growing  creams,"  while  declaring  that  their  own 
will  **not  promote  the  growth  of  down  on  the 

173 


174  1001    TESTS 


face.'*  It  is  safe  to  say  that  one  is  no  more  harm- 
ful than  another  in  this  particular.  It  cannot  be 
said  that  any  one  type  is  any  better  than  another 
in  general.  The  selection  of  a  cold  cream  depends 
entirely  upon  the  needs  of  the  individual  skin,  the 
climate  (dry  high  altitudes,  wind  and  dust,  calling 
especially  for  such  massage),  amount  of  outdoor 
exercise  and  exposure,  etc.  For  some  skins 
glycerin  is  agreeable  and  soothing  and  for  others  it 
is  not.  This  is  something  which  must  be  deter- 
mined by  experiment.  The  chief  objections  to 
these  products  are  the  altogether  ridiculous  claims 
made  for  them.  It  is  well  enough  to  cleanse  the 
pores  of  the  skin  thoroughly  by  massage  with  a 
cold  cream,  thus  offsetting  the  drying  or  roughen- 
ing effects  of  wind  and  weather,  stimulating  the 
circulation  and  rendering  the  flesh  more  firm. 
Further  than  this  they  have  no  efficacy ;  they  will 
not  *' rejuvenate  the  countenance''  nor  perform 
any  miracles  of  healing,  nor  will  they  **  overcome 
pimples  or  eruptions,"  which  are  nearly  always 
due  to  the  general  health  and  condition  of  the 
blood.  Where  such  claims  were  very  misleading, 
the  product  has  been  disapproved,  which  does  not 
mean  that  it  is  harmful  in  itself.  Many  of  these 
creams  contain  some  boric  acid  as  an  antiseptic, 
perfume,  water,  soap,  etc.    The  peroxide  creams, 


TOILET   ARTICLES  175 

so-called,  are  usually  misbranded,  owing  to  the  fact 
that  the  peroxide,  even  if  it  has  been  added  in  good 
faith,  as  is  sometimes  the  case,  is  present  in  such 
unstable  form  that  it  quickly  decomposes  and  loses 
its  efficiency.  None  is  found  in  the  finished  prod- 
uct, and  therefore,  no  bleaching  effect  will  be  pro- 
duced by  the  majority  of  the  creams  as  found  on 
the  market. 

It  has  been  established  in  the  courts  in  connec- 
tion with  a  case  brought  against  Sartoin,  a  so- 
called  **skin  food,"  that  this  claim  is  not  permis- 
sible and  that  you  cannot  feed  the  skin  by  external 
applications.  The  skin  must  be  fed  by  assimilation 
from  within.  In  the  Notice  of  Judgment  published 
in  regard  to  this  product,  the  statement  was  made 
that  ^Hhere  is  no  such  thing  as  a  *skin  food'  sep- 
arate and  apart  from  a  food  that  nourishes  all 
parts  of  the  body";  *'said  article  and  preparation 
could  not  possibly  be  a  food  under  any  circum- 
stances." This  particular  product,  incidentally, 
consisted  of  epsom  salts,  colored  pink  and  was  of- 
fered as  a  skin  food,  whereas  many  of  the  bath 
mixtures  offered  as  reduction  cures,  have  the  same 
constituent.  Strange  that  the  same  preparation 
should  reduce  the  weight  under  one  label  and 
**feed  the  tissues"  under  another.  This  is  a  good 
example  of  the  foolish  conflicting  claims  made  for 


176  1001    TESTS 


these  simple  preparations.  ** Madame  Yale's'* 
skin  food  was  76  per  cent,  vaseline,  mixed  with 
fixed  oil  and  zinc  oxide,  perfumed  and  colored  pink. 
The  courts  declared  that  the  statement:  **It  is 
soothing  in  its  effect  on  the  skin,  healing  as  a 
magic  balm  and  fattening  in  its  qualities"  was 
false  and  misleading  in  that  'Hhe  said  drug  is  sim- 
ply an  ordinary  ointment."  It  is  strange  in  the 
face  of  these  facts  that  the  makers  of  cold  creams 
will  continue  to  make  such  obviously  false  claims 
for  their  harmless,  simple  products. 

The  following  is  the  pharmacopoeial  formula  for 
a  cold  cream,  which  any  one  can  have  put  up  at  a 
drug  store;  or  a  petrolatum  product  may  be 
bought  in  bulk  as  used  by  the  theatrical  profession, 
much  more  cheaply  than  when  bought  in  small 
fancy  packages. 

Ointment  of  Rose  Water 

Spermaceti    125  grams. 

White  Wax  ' 120      '' 

Expressed  Oil  of  Almond 560       '' 

Sodium  Borate  5       *  * 

Stronger  Rose  Water 190       '' 


To  make  about  (2  lbs.  3  oz.) .  1000  grams. 

The  only  really  dangerous  products  among  the 
cold  creams  are  the  so-called  freckle  creams,  which 


TOILET   ARTICLES  177 

contain  ammoniated  mercury,  a  poisonous  ingredi- 
ent whicli  causes  the  skin  to  peel  and  takes  the 
freckle  with  it.  Zinc  oxide  is  also  pronounced  in- 
jurious by  the  Public  Health  Bureau. 

TESTED  TOILET  PEEPARATIONS  * 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

COLD  CREAMS 

American  Druggists'  Syndicate,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

(D)  A.  D.  S.  Antiseptic  Shaving  Cream.  {Consists  of 
a  semi-liquid  soap  containing  a  small  amount 
of  henzaldehyde  and  glycerin.  Extravagant 
claims  decrying  soap,  when  it  is  merely  a  soap 
preparation.    Antiseptic  value  slight.) 

(D)  Peredixo  Cream.     {Soap,  water  and  starch;  no 
peroxide  found.    Claims  to  he  '^The  original 
Peroxide  Cream,' ^  and  to  contain  '* peredixo,' ' 
a  great  healing  agent,  unwarranted.) 
Armour  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Creme  Luxor.  {The  usual  type  of  '^vanishing'' 
cream  containing  glycerin  and  soap.  A  good 
product    still    handicapped   with    extravagant 

*  These  are  in  no  sense  complete  statements  of  analyses ;  only 
the  most  essential  and  characteristic  ingredients  are  mentioned. 


178  1001    TESTS 


cUUms  such  as  ** rejuvenates/'  '^healing/' 
though  former  labels  implying  *'skin  nourish- 
ment" have  been  withdrawn. 
(N)  Luxor  Cold  Cream.  {A  white  petrolatum  and 
wax  product,  of  good  quality,  perfumed;  mis- 
leading statements  to  the  effect  that  it  is  ^'un- 
equaled/'  '^soothes  all  irritations  of  the  skin/' 
*' rejuvenates/'  etc,  still  remain,  though  the 
*'skin  food"  claims,  etc.,  have  been  withdrawn.) 

B.  H.  Company,  The,  Boston,  Mass. 

"A"  Priscilla  Parsons  Cold  Cream.     (Consists  of  white 

petrolatum,   wax,   and    boric    acid   perfumed, 

'^for  general  use.") 
ic  Priscilla  Parsons  Liquid  Cream.     {Borax,  stearic 

acid  and  glycerin,  perfumed;  '*A  skin  cleanser 

for    tourists";    no    misleading    claims.     Good 

products  and  dignified  labeling.) 

Colgate  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

ic  Cold  Cream.  (Fat,  petrolatum,  wax,  soap,  and 
perfume.  Claim  that  it  is  ^'unequaled"  is  not 
warranted.) 

Crane,  James  C,  108  Fulton  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
"A"  Creme  Elcaya.  {A  good  glycerin  and  soap  prod- 
uct, perfumed.  Statement  that  it  ^'will  not  pro- 
mote growth  of  hair  liJce  the  usual  cold  creams" 
is  objectionable;  '^renders  skin  soft,  white  and 
beautiful"  is  also  mildly  extravagant.) 


TOILET    ARTICLES  179 

Daggett  and  Ramsdell,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Perfect  Cold  Cream.     {Fat,  wax,  petrolatum,  soap 

and  perfume.  Typical  of  a  good  grease  cream. 
Superlative  statements  that  it  is  *'unequaled 
for  massage' ' — ''The  test  of  all  applications,'* 
etc.,  unwarranted.) 

De  Meridor  Company,  The,  New  York  and  Paris. 
(D)  Creme  de  Meridor.  {The  soap  and  glycerin 
type,  perfumed,  containing  73  per  cent,  of 
water,  no  fat  or  wax.  Impossible  claims  as  to 
stimulating  and  nourishing  the  skin,  and  over- 
coming sallowness,  freckles,  eruptions,  etc.;  un- 
warranted inference  that  greasy  creams  deaden 
and  injure  the  skin.) 

Espey,  J.  E.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Fragrant  Cream,  Espey 's.     {A  very  pleasing  glyc- 

erin and  Irish  moss  compound  horated.  Ex- 
treme quality  claims  and  use  of  superlatives 
are  deprecated.  Said  to  he  the  ''only  perfect 
substitute  for  glycerin,'*  when  it  contains  glyc- 
erin.) 
Fay,  C,  Paris. 

(N)  Creme  Imperatrice.  {A  saponifiable  fat,  colored 
pink  and  perfumed,  containing  some  zinc  ozide 
and  hismuth  sulcarhonate.  Ahsurd  claims  as 
to  preventing  and  concealing  wrinkles  and 
freckles.  No  special  advantage  over  cold  cream 
for  general  use,  as  claimed.) 


180  1001    TESTS 


Franco-American  Hygienic  Company,  Chicago,  111. 
(N)  Hygienic  Creme  Eogiene.  {A  good  glycerin 
preparation  containing  horic  acid,  soap  and 
water.  Meaningless  claims  that  it  will  *' impart 
a  transparent  effect  not  achievable  hy  any  other 
treatment/^) 

Gannon,  E.  M.,  Woodside,  N.  J.,  or  W.  M.  Willett,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

(D)  Wakelees  Camelline.  {A  suspension  of  hismuth 
suhcarhonate,  and  calcium  carbonate  in  rose 
water,  colored  pink.  Extravagant  claims  that 
it  will  ^* remove  eruptions,  sallowness,  restore 
the  color  of  youth,  preserve  the  teeth  from  de- 
cay,'*— *'a  new  discovery,' '  etc.) 
Gille,  E.,  1  Hamilton  Grange,  New  York. 

(D)  Almond  Skin  Food.  {Saponifiable  fat  with  al- 
mond perfume.  Had  become  rancid;  name  not 
warranted,  in  any  respect.  Improbable  that 
true  almond  is  used  and  there  is  no  such  thing 
as  ''a  skin  food.") 
*  Disappearing  Cream.  (The  usual  soap  and  glyc- 
erin compound  with  boric  acid  and  perfume.) 

(N)  Lemon  Cleansing  Cream, 

(N)  Strawberry  Beauty  Cream. 

(Fair  quality;  saponifiable  fat,  perfumed 
with  lemon  in  one  case  and  colored  with  co- 
chineal in  the  other.) 


TOILET    ARTICLES  181 

Graham,  Mrs.  Gervaise,  1475  Michigan  Avenue,  Chicago, 
111. 
(D)  Kosmeo.  {Saponifiahle  fat  and  perfume.  Of 
only  ordinary  quality;  claims  that  *^It  has  no 
equal,"  ^' keeps  the  skin  fine  grained/'  not  per- 
missible.) 

Hinds,  A.  S.,  Portland,  Me. 

(N)  Honey  and  Almond  Cream.  {A  good  glycerin 
and  soap  preparation,  containing  borax  and  al- 
cohol; amounts  of  honey  and  almond  are  neg- 
ligible in  the  finished  product.  Could  not  he 
found  by  the  chemist  though  certified  to  be 
added  in  small  amounts.  Considered  mis- 
hranded  for  this  reason.) 

Hubert,  Professor,  Toledo,  Ohio. 

(D)  Hubert's  Malvina.  {One  of  the  dangerous 
freckle  creams,  contains  ammoniated  mercury 
(a  poisonous  salt),  mineral  oil  and  fat;  is  of- 
fered for  saltrheum,  ring  worm,  etc.,  as  well  as 
for  freckles  and  falling  hair.) 

Imperatrix  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Imperatrix  Skin-Cream.  (Perfumed  lanolin  (fat 
from  sheep's  wool)  especially  absorbent. 
Claims  as  to  efficiency  for  beautifying  the  skin, 
treatment  for  pimples,  black  heads,  etc.,  mildly 
objectionable.) 

Johnson,  B.  J.,  Soap  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

(D)  Palmolive    Cream.     (Petrolatum,    wax,    saponi- 


18^  1001    TESTS 


fidble  fat,  horic  acid  and  perfume.  Most  ex- 
treme claims  are  made  as  to  its  nutritious  prop- 
erties, ''an  actual  body  food  acting  like  magic, 
healing  in  a  night.' '  Name  also  misleading  as 
it  contains  little  if  any  palm  and  olive  oils.  The 
claims,  however,  are  impossible  regardless  of  its 
composition.) 

Keeler,  Charles  C,  Atlantic  City,  N.  J. 

(D)  Superior  Cold  Cream.  {A  petrolatum,  wax,  and 
saponijiahle  fat  product,  perfumed  with  rose 
geranium.  The  claims  that  it  is  ''The  cream 
that  is  different,' '  "is  superior  to  all  others  for 
massage  purposes,"  "feeds  the  tissues  and  pre- 
vents wrinkles,''  "is  the  only  thorough  cleanser 
on  the  market,"  are  not  warranted  in  any  par- 
ticular.) 

Lyon  Manufacturing  Company,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Hagan's  Magnolia  Balm.  {A  glycerin,  zinc  oxide 
and  water  lotion.  Claims  to  he  a  "secret  aid 
to  beauty,  restore  the  bloom  of  youth  to  faded 
cheeks,  resist  the  ravages  of  time,  eradicate 
freckles,  eruptions,  etc.";  could  do  none  of 
these  things,  obviously. 

Marietta  Stanley  Company,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

(N)  **Sempre  Giovine''  (Always  Young).  {A  solid 
cake  wmcZe  of  a  mixture  of  palm  and  other  oils 
for  massage  purposes.  Formerly  very  ex- 
travagant claims  wera  made  for  this  product, 


TOILET   ARTICLES  183 

which  have  teen  notably  moderated.  The  name 
itself  is  somewhat  objectionable,  as  no  massage 
medium  is  a  *^ fountain  of  etervial  youth.'') 

Plexo  Preparations  Inc.,  New  York  and  Paris. 

*  Plexo  Cleansing  Cream.     {Unsaponifiable  oil  with 

wax,  perfumed.  General  claims  only  mildly  ex- 
aggerated.) 
(N)  Plexo  Greaseless  Cream.  (Stearic  acid,  soap, 
glycerin,  borax,  and  perfume,  not  entirely 
greaseless,  therefore  not  a  '^perfect  vanishing 
cream."  Could  not  give  '^healthy,  natural 
color  and  glow,"  as  claimed.) 

Pompeian  Manufacturing  Company,  28  Prospect  Street, 
Cleveland,  Ohio. 

*  Massage  Cream.     {Moist  casein  with  benzaldehyde, 

benzoic  acid,  and  a  harmless  pink  dye.    Mod- 
erate claims  made  based  chiefly  on  the  value  of 
the  massage.    A  stiff  greaseless  product,) 
Pond's  Extract  Company,  Clinton,  Conn. 

*  Vanishing  Cream.     {A  typical  well  compounded, 

glycerin  and  soap  preparation,  perfumed.) 
Pray,  Dr.  J.  Parker,  12  E.  23rd  street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(D)  Van-Ola.  {Zinc  oxide,  mineral  oil,  wax,  fatty 
oU.  Claims  to  be  the  *' Finest  compound 
known,"  to  *^cure  pimples,"  etc.;  composition 
does  not  warrant  claims.) 

*  Dr.  Pray's  Gloria-Lily  Lotion.     {A  preparation 

of  glycerin,  boric  acid,  Irish  moss  and  aromatic 


184.  1001    TESTS 


halsam.    Sliglitly  extravagant  claims  as  to  cur- 
ing sunhurn,  rough  dry  skin,  etc.) 
Pura  Manufacturing  Company,  Lancaster,  Pa. 

(D)  Almond  Dulce  Hymettus  Honey  Cream.  {Free 
fat  and  stearic  acid,  held  as  an  emulsion  with 
soap,  water  and  probably  gum;  borax  and  in- 
vert sugar  present,  perfumed  with  benzalde- 
hyde  and  other  oils.  Nothing  in  composition  to 
warrant  the  claim  that  it  is  a  very  quick  and 
efficient  remedy  for  burns,  scalds  and  skin 
eruptions.  Its  antiseptic  action  is  slight  and 
honey  and  almond  present  in  very  small 
amounts  if  at  all.) 

Rose  Petal  Wrinkle  Cream  Company,  Ridgefield  Park, 
N.J. 
(D)  Rose  Petal  Wrinkle  Cream.  {Two  ounces  of  a 
soft  grease  perfumed  with  rose  geranium  and 
sold  for  one  dollar.  Would  have  no  special 
value  in  '^ preventing  wrinkles,'*  or  in  '^keep- 
ing the  complexion  fresh  and  youthful  as  com- 
pared with  any  cold  cream.*') 

Royal  Manufacturing  Company,  Toledo,  Ohio. 

(D)  Rex  Wrinkle  Pencil.  {Consists  of  petrolatum, 
wax  and  saponiflable  fat  like  lard  or  stearin. 
No  special  efficacy  for  '^sallow  complexion,'* 
*' large  pores,"  etc.) 

Simon,  J.,  Faubourg  St.  Martin,  59,  Paris. 

^  Creme   Simon.     {Zinc  oxide,  glycerin,  and  per- 


TOILET    ARTICLES  185 

fume.    Mildly    objectionable    claims,   such    as 
*^ unrivaled  for  care  of  skin,'*  etc.) 
Stillman's  Freckle  Cream  Co.,  Aurora,  Ills. 

(D)  Stillman's  Freckle  Cream.  {Another  of  the  ob- 
jectionable freckle  creams  containing  ammoni- 
ated  mercury. ) 

To-Kalon  Manufacturing  Company,  Inc.,  New  York, 
London  and  Paris. 
(D)  Creme  Tokalon.  (This  cream  consists  of  water, 
glycerin,  boric  acid  and  considerable  free  fatty 
avoids,  probably  a  mixture  of  stearic  and  pat- 
mitic  with  a  little  gummy  substance,  possibly 
Irish  moss.  No  soap  is  present  and  no  oils  or 
fats.  A  good  glycerin  preparation  with  im- 
possible claims,  such  as  ''Possesses  astonishing 
properties  for  quickly  restoring  the  appearance 
of  youth,''  ''Meets  all  the  requirements  of  both 
health  and  beauty,"  "After  one  application 
over  night  will  produce  most  astonishing  re- 
sults,'^' etc.) 


HAIR  TONICS,  SHAMPOOS,  ETC. 

Few  hair  tonics  are  injurious,  but  fewer  still  can 
fulfill  the  claims  that  are  made  for  them.  A  hair 
tonic  is  usually  an  alcoholic  solution  of  some  of  the 
bodies  (such  as  resorcin,  cantharides,  and  pilo- 
carpin),  believed  to  have  some  stimulative  effect 
on  the  scalp.  They  owe  their  efficiency  in  no  small 
degree  to  the  massage  with  which  they  are  applied. 
In  hair  health,  as  in  body  health,  the  treatment 
must  be  fitted  to  the  conditions  and  therein  lies  the 
weakness  of  all  such  generalized  treatments.  The 
health  of  the  hair  depends  to  a  great  extent  upon 
the  health  of  the  body,  nervous  condition,  circula- 
tion of  the  blood,  etc.,  and  where  this  is  the  case, 
obviously  external  treatment  is  only  palliative.  It 
cannot  cure.  One  person's  hair  may  be  too  dry 
and  another  too  oily.  Is  it  common  sense  to  apply 
the  same  treatment  to  both?  In  one  case  a  little 
carbolated  vaseline  massaged  into  the  scalp  might 
be  of  more  benefit  than  a  drying  alcoholic  tonic. 
The  stimulative  principles,  when  they  are  expen- 
sive, are  usually  present  in  very  small  amounts. 
"We  are  not  going  into  the  hair  tonic  business,  but 
suggest  the  following  formula  put  up  with  water 

186 


TOILET   ARTICLES  18T 

instead  of  alcohol,  as  one  having  general  stimula- 
tive principles:  Pilocarpin  nitrate,  1  gram;  re- 
sorcin,  25  grams ;  water,  500  grams. 

As  for  the  various  shampoo  powders  which  de- 
pend upon  washing  soda  and  borax  to  dry  out  the 
hair  and  give  the  fluffy  effect  promised,  they  must 
certainly  be  injurious  if  their  use  is  long  contin- 
ued. They  are  expensive  and  the  claims  made 
for  them  are  not  true.  Nearly  all  of  the  tonics 
claiming  to  ** restore  the  color  of  the  hair"  with- 
out dyeing  it  depend  upon  the  interaction  of  lead 
acetate  and  sulphur  to  brown  the  hair.  Lead 
acetate  is  a  poisonous  salt  and  while  the  actual 
injury  done  will  vary  with  the  individual  suscep- 
tibility, the  extent  to  which  the  tonic  is  used,  etc., 
it  cannot  be  considered  a  legitimate  ingredient  of 
a  product  to  be  rubbed  into  the  scalp. 

Black  hair  dyes  frequently  contain  nitrate  of 
silver,  which  while  less  poisonous  than  lead,  is  still 
dangerous  when  used  by  the  inexperienced.  Seri- 
ous consequences  frequently  follow  the  constant 
use  of  such  products,  the  damage  varying  with  the 
individual  susceptibility.  No  hair  dyes  can  be 
recommended.  As  one  eminent  dermatologist  has 
said,  **  The  only  sensible  thing  to  do  with  gray  hair 
is  to  admire  it.'*  Dyeing  is  unesthetic,  as  well  as 
unhygienic,    The  hair  soon  becomes  dead  and 


188  1001    TESTS 


dingy  in  color  and  repeated  applications  of  the  dye 
must  be  made,  so  that  the  results  are  undesirable 
from  the  standpoint  of  beauty,  as  well  as  from 
that  of  cleanliness  and  health. 

TESTED  HAIR  TONICS,  SHAMPOOS,  ETC.* 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  ("N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
{D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Alexander  and  Mendes,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Brilliantine  (Carnation).     {Merely  an  unsapom- 

fiahle  oil,  perfumed  with  cloves.    Harmless  hut 
no  lasting  efficacy.) 
American  Druggists  Syndicate,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

*  A.  D.  S.  Liquid  Shampoo.     {A  liquid  soap  contain- 

ing about  60  per  cent,  of  water.) 

Empress  Manufacturing  Company,  New  York  City. 
(D)  Empress  Improved  Instantaneous  Hair  Color 
Restorer.  {A  solution  of  paratoluylene  diamine 
with  sodium  sulphite  and  sodium  hydroxide. 
Ammonium  persidphate  is  also  present.  One 
of  the  least  objectionable  anilin  dyes  but  could 
not  be  guaranteed  to  be  noninjurious  in  all 
cases.  Statement  that  it  is  **  absolutely  harm- 
less'^ and  *' perfectly  hygienic''  could  not  be 
guaranteed  for  this  or  any  other  hair  dye.  Is 
not  a  ^^ color  restorer"  but  a  dye.) 

*  These  are  in  no  sense  complete  statements  of  analyses ;  only 
the  most  essential  and  characteristic  ingredients  are  mentioned- 


TOILET    ARTICLES  189 

Gille,  K,  1  Hamilton  Grange,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Dandruff  Salve.  {Fat  perfumed  with  oil  of 
cloves.  No  special  claims  made;  of  no  more 
value  than  any  good  vaseline,) 

(D)  Shampoo  (Spun  Gold). 

(D)  Tonic  (Spun  Gold). 

{A  deliberate  deception,  as  the  shampoo  is  es- 
pecially stated  to  he  not  a  bleach,  which  is 
true,  but  the  accompanying  ^Honic^^  is  nothing 
more  nor  less  than  the  regular  bleach,  peroxide, 
containing  acetanilid.) 

Giroux  Manufacturing  Company,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

■k  Parisian  Sage  Hair  Tonic.  {No  harmful  ingre- 
dients present.  Contains  glycerin,  capsicum 
and  very  little  sage,  name  hardly  justified. 
Small  amounts  of  resorcin  and  cantharides  in- 
dicated. The  claims  made  in  the  advertising 
material  are  moderate,  as  they  should  be.) 

Hall,  R.  P.,  and  Company,  Nashua,  N.  H. 

(N)  Hall's  Hair  Renewer.  {No  lead  and  true  to 
label.  Moderate  claims  made,  '^For  the  treat- 
ment of  falling  hair,''  etc.,  but  ^^ Restores  hair 
in  the  majority  of  cases,''  too  strong  for  any 
hair  tonic.) 

Hiscox  Chemical  Works,  Patchogue,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Parker's  Hair  Balsam.  {A  solution  of  lead 
acetate  with  suspended  sulphur.  The  lead  salt 
is  poisonous.) 


190  1001    TESTS 


Johnson,  B.  J.,  Soap  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

(N)  Palm-Olive  Shampoo.  {No  constituent  found 
which  justified  the  name.  Soap  and  glycerin 
present  with  alcohol  as  declared.) 

Lavox  Company,  The,  Chicago,  111. 

(D)  Lavox  Shampoo  powder.  (Soap  and  tor  ax. 
Claims  that  it  does  not  make  the  hair  dry  and 
"brittle  and  should  he  used  once  a  week  and 
does  not  destroy  the  oil  of  the  scalp,  obviously 
misleading.) 

Peterson,  H.  S.,  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(D)  Canthrox.  {Borax,  soap  and  baking  soda.  A 
mixture  that  would  dry  out  the  natural  oils  and 
probably  be  injurious  if  continually  used. 
Price  out  of  all  proportion  to  cost.  Composi- 
tion seems  to  vary  from  time  to  time.) 

Philo  Hay  Specialties  Company,  Newark,  N.  J. 

(D)  Hay's  Hair  Health.  {Another  solution  of  sul- 
phur and  lead  acetate,  the  latter  deemed  dan- 
gerous.) 

Pinaud,  Ed.,  18  Place  Vendome,  Paris. 

ii:  Eau  de  Quinine.  {An  alcoholic  extract  of  qui- 
nine, delicately  perfumed.  Amount  of  quinine 
present  is  very  small  and  its  tonic  ^properties 
are  problematic.  Claims,  however,  are  mod- 
erate, as  they  should  be.) 

Seele-Thompson  Company,  New  York. 

(D)  Mme.  Seele's  French  Hair  Bluing.     {Harmless, 


TOILET    ARTICLES  191 

hut  claims  to  he  not  a  dye  or  stain  while  it  is 
in  reality  methyl  violet,  a  coal  tar  dye.) 

Tokalon,  Inc.,  New  York. 

(D)  Lavona  (de  Composee).  (A  liquid  in  a  three 
ounce  hottle,  consisting  essentially  of  alcohol 
25  per  cent.,  salicylic  acid,  glycerin,  some 
saponin-like  suhstance  {probably  present  as 
quillaja — soap  bark  tree — extract),  a  suggestion 
of  oil  of  hay,  and  water.  No  alkaloids,  caf- 
fein  nor  tannin  present.  Claims  that  it  is  **an 
unrivaled  hair  tonic'*  and  ^^ contains  the  most 
efficacious  drug  knoum  for  stimulating  the  ac- 
tivity of  the  hair  growing  follicles  as  well  as  the 
pigment-forming  cells,**  unwarranted.) 

Vibert,  F.,  Lyons,  France. 

(D)  Petrole  Hahn  for  the  Hair.  (About  %2  of  the 
volume  of  the  liquid  is  mineral  oil,  mostly 
kerosene;  contains  no  metals  nor  resorcin;  essen- 
tially alcohol,  water,  mineral  oil,  with  per- 
fuming and  pungent  oils  and  some  resinous 
drug.  The  alcohol  is  antiseptic  and  the  min- 
eral oil  has  some  value,  hut  the  claims  that 
'*  without  any  exaggeration  the  action  of  Petrole 
Hahn  may  be  described  as  marvelous,**  *'It  is 
indispensable  to  all  who  value  and  wish  to  retavn 
abundant  hair,**  ''to  retain  its  natural  color, 
etc.,**  are  untenable.) 


192  1001    TESTS 


Warden  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(D)  Ward's  Dandru-Cide  Shampoo.  (Ten  cents* 
worth  of  crystallized  washing  soda  sold  for  one 
dollar.  Altogether  too  harsh  and  drying  an 
alkali  for  use  as  a  shampoo  and  the  price  is 
exorbitant.  Claims  to  be  ^*a  magical  prepara- 
tion/* *^  unsurpassed  for  treatment  of  an  itch- 
ing scalp/*  **The  world  famous  dandruff  de- 
stroyer/* etc.) 

Waldeyer  and  Betts,  170  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York, 
N.  Y. 
(N)  Swedish  Hair  Powder.  (Merely  talc,  starch,  and 
powdered  orris,  used  to  remove  the  oil  of  the 
hair  by  brushing.  Harmless  but  hardly  ^'A 
shampoo  substitute.*') 

Wildroot  Chemical  Company,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Dandruff  Remedy,  Wildroot.  (Contains  arsenic, 
and  some  phenolic  body,  probably  resorcin;  per- 
fumed and  colored.  The  trace  of  alkaloidal 
material  present  was  too  small  for  identifica- 
tion. Contains  40  per  cent,  of  alcohol,  as  de- 
clared, and  less  than  y^,  of  one  per  cent,  of  non- 
volatile matter.  Claims  that  it  is  an  herb  com^- 
pound  and  a  positive  remedy  for  eczema  and 
dandruff  obviously  untenable.) 


MISCELLANEOUS  PREPARATIONS 

These  misceUaneoTis  toilet  preparations  present 
but  little  opportunity  for  comment,  except  that  the 
depilatories  and  perspiration  preventatives  are  of 
dubious  efficacy,  and  of  very  doubtful  healthful- 
ness.  Perspiration  should  not  be  checked  and  the 
products  used  to  bring  this  about  are  usually  irri- 
tating and  contract  the  pores  so  that  a  double  harm 
may  be  done. 

Many  inquiries  are  received  in  regard  to  the 
depilatories.  They  nearly  all  depend  upon  sodium 
or  barium  sulphide,  which  removes  the  hair  super- 
ficially, with  more  or  less  danger,  varying  with  the 
frequency  of  its  use,  the  amount  applied,  and  the 
sensitiveness  of  the  individual  skin.  As  long  as 
the  root  of  the  hair  is  not  destroyed,  the  hair  will 
return  and  the  claims  made  for  these  products  are 
out  of  all  proportion  to  their  efficiency.  Nearly 
always  fancifully  named  toilet  preparations  con- 
tain simple,  well  known  ingredients  for  which  ex- 
travagant claims  are  made  and  an  exorbitant 
price  is  charged.  They  are  usually  harmless,  ex- 
cept in  so  far  as  one's  time  and  money  are  wasted 
and  only  disappointment  ensues. 

193 


194  1001    TESTS 


TESTED  MISCELLANEOUS  PREPARATIONS  * 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xicviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Armour  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Luxor  Bath  Powder.  (Fifty  cents  is  an  exorbi- 
tant price  for  a  package  of  crystallized,  per- 
fumed, washing  soda.  Is  not  **  exhilarating  and 
invigorating/'  as  formerly  claimed.) 

B.  H.  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(D)  Priscilla  Parsons  Perspiration  Preventative.  (A 
water  solution  of  zinc  chloride.  Might  he  irri- 
tating, which  fact  is  virtually  admitted  on  the 
label.  The  artificial  checking  of  perspiration 
by  possibly  irritating  substances  cannot  be  con- 
sidered hygienic.) 

B.  and  P.  Company,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

(N)  Wrinkle  Eradicator.  (Merely  sheets  of  perfor- 
ated court  plaster;  mechanically  moAf  have  some 
value  in  stretching  the  skin,  but  the  claims  as 
to  medication  are  not  substantiated.) 

De  Miracle  Chemical  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(D)  De  Miracle  Depilatory.     (An  aqueous  solution 

*  These  are  in  no  sense  complete  statements  of  analyses ;  only 
the  most  essential  and  characteristic  ingredients  are  mentioned. 


TOILET    ARTICLES  195 

of  sodium  sulphide,  containing  dissolved  sul- 
phur with  a  trace  of  sodium  sulphite  and  per- 
fumed unth  bay  rum.  Very  extravagant  claims 
are  made  for  this  simple  preparation,  which 
merely  removes  the  hair  superficially.) 

Dry  Pits  Lotion  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

(D)  Dry  Pits  Lotion.  {Two  and  one-half  ounces  of 
aluminum,  chloride  in  water.  Price  on  label 
$1.  An  extravagant  preparation  of  doubtful 
efficacy  and  healthfulness.  Checking  of  per- 
spiration by  these  astringents  cannot  be  con- 
sidered harmless.) 

Floridine  Manufacturing  Company,  42  Franklin  Street, 
New  York. 
(N)  Lustr-ite  Nail  Enamel.     (A  harmless  infusorial 
earth  for  polishing  the  finger  nails;  exaggerated 
claims.) 

Forquignon  Manufacturing  Company,  New  York, 
N.  Y. 
(N)  F.  B.  Foronga  Nail  Bleach.  {Tartaric  acid  and 
boric  acid,  colored  unth  a  green  coal  tar  dye. 
Therefore  the  claim  ^'purely  vegetable^'  is  not 
warranted.  Is  slightly  antiseptic  and  non- 
injurious. 
(N)  F.  B.  Polpasta  Nail  Enamel.  {Petrolatum  with 
pumice  stone,  boric  acid  and  soluble  dye.  Anti- 
septic and  preservative  virtues  claimed  are  very 
slight.) 


196  1001    TESTS 


Miihlens  and  Kropff,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
*  Eau  de  Cologne  Sea  Salt. 

Mum  Manufacturing  Company,  1106  Chestnut  street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 
(N)  Mum  (Deodorant).  (A  harmless  deodorant  con- 
sisting of  fat  with  henzoic  acid  and  zinc  oxide. 
No  special  claims  made.  Efficacious  in  some 
cases.) 

Murray,  Joseph  T.,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Beaux  Yeux.  {A  glycerol  of  pepsin,  colored 
with  cochineal  and  flavored  with  oil  of  rose. 
The  pepsin  present  is  in  an  active  state  and 
was  found  to  digest  egg  albumen.  Would 
brighten  the  eyes  only  when  natural  pepsin  was 
lacking,  and  dull  eyes  were  due  to  indigestion! 
A  most  overrated  product  as  it  could  not  'in- 
tensify the  natural  color  of  the  eyes  and  make 
them  very  brilliant.'^) 

Odorono  Company,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

(N)  Odor-0-No.  {Essentially  an  aluminum  product, 
with  a  little  free  hydrochloric  acid,  artificially 
colored;  1%  fluid  ounces  sold  for  fifty  cents. 
The  formula  has  been  changed  from  time  to 
time.  While  not  actively  dangerous,  individual 
toleration  varies  widely  in  such  cases  and  con- 
tinued use  of  such  a  preparation  may  clog  the 
pores  and  irritate  the  skin.) 


TOILET    ARTICLES  197 

Pray,  Dr.  J.  Parker,  12  E.  23rd  street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
*  Diamond  Nail  Enamel.     {Infusorial  earth,  eosin 
(coloring).     Claim  '^a  hrilliancy  equal  to  dia- 
monds/^ is  obviously  a  flight  of  fancy.) 
(D)  Ongoline.     {Tartaric    acid    and    orange    flower 
water;  claims  to  he  a  new  compound  having 
special  efficacy  and  warns  against  oxalic  acid, 
which  is  more  efficacious  and  while  poisonous  is 
not  injurious  for  external  use.) 
(D)  Rosaline.     {Essentially  fat,  wax  and  eosin  {col- 
oring).    The  claims  that  it  is  ^^A  skin  heauti- 
fier,  containing  high  medicinal  virtues,'*  that 
it  **preserves  the  shin,'*  and  is  ^'superior  to 
any  rouge,**  are  entirely  unwarranted.) 

Stenzie  Manufacturing  Company,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
(D)  Stenzie.  {A  plastic  mixture  of  colophony,  with 
some  balsam  and  a  small  quantity  of  pink  dye. 
The  price  $1.50  is  exorbitamt.  The  hair  is  re- 
moved superficially,  merely  by  applying  the 
preparation  in  a  plastic  condition  and  stripping 
it  off  after  it  has  hardened,  which  would  ap- 
pear to  be  a  rather  crude  and  painful  process 
of  removing  hair.) 


PERFUMES 

Chemical  analysis  gives  but  little  information 
concerning  perfumes.  Only  an  expert  can  satis- 
factorily differentiate  between  tbese  as  to  quality. 
The  tests  made  were  merely  to  determine  in  a  gen- 
eral way  the  delicacy  of  the  perfume.  Some  syn- 
thetic blends  are  so  carefully  made  that  only  a 
well  trained  olfactory  nerve  could  distinguish 
them  from  the  true  flower  essence.  In  other  cases, 
as  with  the  violet,  for  example,  the  true  perfume 
and  the  artificial  ionone  used  to  simulate  it,  are 
quite  easily  distinguished.  Very  occasionally  the 
point  is  raised  that  refined  methyl  or  wood  alcohol, 
known  as  Columbian  spirits,  is  used  in  perfumes 
instead  of  ethyl  alcohol.  While  the  refined  spirits 
are  not  so  objectionable  as  the  crude  wood  alcohol, 
which  could  hardly  be  used  because  of  its  odor,  still 
the  action  of  even  the  refined  product  on  the  optic 
nerve  is  such  as  to  render  its  use  in  perfumes  inad- 
missible, as  they  might  be  employed  for  bathing 
the  head  and  eyes,  and  would  be  objectionable  if 
not  dangerous.  Sometimes  a  point  on  excessive 
price,  in  comparison  with  quality  could  be  checked, 
but  for  the  most  part  the  selection  of  a  perfume  is 

198 


TOILET   ARTICLES  199 

merely  a  matter  of  personal  preference  and  rela- 
tive expensiveness,  and  no  special  protection  can 
be  afforded  the  consumer  by  an  examination. 

TESTED  PERFUMES 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

American  Druggists'  Syndicate,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Violet  Toilet  Water.     (Colored  green.    Appar- 
ently artificial  odor  not  especially  delicate.) 

Bourjoias,  A.,  and  Company,  Paris. 

(N)  Bouquet  Manon  Lescaut.  (Only  a  strong  cologne, 
for  which  a  high  price  ($1.60)  is  asked.) 

Colgate  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Eclat  (Perfume). 

*  Imperial  Lilac.     (A  good  toilet  water,) 
Crown  Perfumery  Company,  London. 

(N)  Crown  Lavender  Salts.  (Objection  to  the  claim 
that  these  salts  ^'purify  the  air  in  sick  rooms,^ 
etc.  They  do  not  purify  the  air  at  all,  hut 
merely  mask  unpleasant  odors  hy  an  agreeable 
one,  quality  good.) 

Dralle,  Hamburg. 

-k  Illusion  Violette,  Violet,  Veilchen. 

Gelle  Freres,  Paris. 

*  Seduction. 


5500  1001    TESTS 


Hanson  and  Jenks  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Sweet  Peas  (perfumery). 

*  Violet  Toilet  Water-— Brut 

*  Wood  Violet  Toilet  Water. 
Hudnut,  Richard,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Violet  Sec  Toilet  Water.     {Appears  to  he  artificial 

violet.) 
Jennings  Company,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

*  Dorothy  Vernon  Perfume. 
Lanman  and  Kemp,  New  York. 

*  Florida  Water. 
Lazell,  New  York. 

*  Lazeirs  Field  Violets. 

"A"  Lazell's  Japanese  Honeysuckle  Perfume.     {Syn- 
thetic  perfume.) 

Pinaud,  Ed.,  Paris. 

*  Lilas  de  France — Extrait  Vegetal. 

Rieger,  The  California  Perfumer,  San  Francisco. 

*  Flower    Drops — ^Violet.     {An   expensive   product 

$1.50,  hut  having  th'e  perfume  of  natural  vio- 
lets. Claims  somewhat  excessive.  *'The  most 
exquisite  odor  in  the  world,  one  drop  diffuses 
the  odor  of  thousands  of  hlossoms.^') 

Roger  and  Gallet,  Paris. 

Vk"  Eau  de  Toilette — Pois  de  Senteur.     {Sweet  Pea.) 

*  Extrait  de  Violette  de  France. 

yantine,  A.  A.,  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
■^  0  Lotus  San  (Perfume.) 


TOILET   ARTICLES  201 

*  East  India  Sandal  Wood  Sachet. 

*  Sandalwood  (Perfume.) 

if:  Wisteria  Blossom  Perfume. 

*  Wisteria  Blossom  Sachet. 

*  Wisteria  Blossom  Toilet  Water. 

Vogue  Perfumery  Company,  234  5th  Avenue,  New  York. 

*  Vogue  Extrait  Vegetal  Lilasette  Fleur.     {A  glyc- 

erin  alcoholic   solution,   perfumed   with   lilac. 
Mildly  extravagant  claims  as  to  quality.) 

Wrisley,  Allen  B.,  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  San  Toy  (Perfume.)     {Another  case  of  somewhat 

exaggerated  claims  as  to  quality  as:    *' Unri- 
valed hy  imported  perfumes/') 


POWDERS 

None  of  tlie  powders  are  specifically  injurious 
except  in  so  far  as  their  continuous  use  without 
proper  massaging  and  cleansing  fills  the  pores  of 
the  sHn,  and  so  is  undesirable.  They  consist  in 
most  cases  of  talc,  with  sometimes  a  little  starch, 
calcium  carbonate,  or  zinc  oxide ;  boric  acid  is  fre- 
quently added  as  an  antiseptic  and  should  be  in- 
cluded in  the  name  of  the  product  if  present.  The 
zinc  oxide  is  used  largely  for  mechanical  reasons 
and  is  usually  unobjectionable.  A  mixed  powder 
should  be  called  a  toilet  or  face  powder,  not  a 
straight  talcum.  The  buyer  has  a  right  to  know 
what  he  is  getting.  The  rice  powders  usually  con- 
tain very  large  amounts  of  talc,  chalk,  starch,  etc. 
These  materials  though  harmless  are  mostly 
cheaper  than  the  rice  powder  and  such  mixtures 
are  misbranded  and  must  be  considered  fraud- 
ulent if  the  materials  other  than  rice  powder  are 
not  plainly  declared  on  the  label. 

Apart  from  these  considerations,  the  main  crit- 
icism of  the  toilet  powders,  is  the  extravagant 
claims  made  for  them.  They  cannot  be  considered 
**  complexion  beautifiers"  nor  to  have  any  real 
value  as  ** healing  agents."  For  one  well-known 
talcum  powder,  it  was  foimerly  claimed  that  it 

302 


TOILET   ARTICLES 


gave  immediate  relief  for  chiekenpox,  measles  and 
scarlatina,  and  prevented  decay  of  the  teeth. 
Such  extravagant  claims  for  the  temporary  sooth- 
ing, cooling  effect,  that  dusting  the  skin  with  any 
borated  powder  might  produce,  are  obviously 
unwarranted.  Some  are  finer  in  texture,  more 
carefully  purified,  and  more  delicately  perfumed 
than  others,  but  most  of  them  may  be  safely  used 
in  moderation,  and  the  choice  is  largely  a  matter 
of  individual  taste.  About  5  per  cent,  of  boric 
acid  is  necessary  to  produce  any  real  antiseptic 
effect. 

TESTED  TOILET  POWDERS 

(Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D),  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Allen  Pharmacal  Compsiny,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

-k  Royal  Violet  Borated  Talcum  Powder. 
American  Druggists'  Syndicate,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

*  A.  D.  S.  Majestic  Lilac  Talc. 
Armour  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Extra  Fine  Complexion  Powder.     {A  good  zinc 

oxide,  calcium  carbonate,  and  talc  powder,  per- 
fumed and  tinted  pink.  Hardly  ^^ extra  fine*' 
especially  for  the  price  (50  cents). 

B.  H.  Company,  The,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Priscilla  Parsons  Face  Powder.     (Contains  talc, 

zinc  oxide,  pink  dye  and  very  strong  musk  odor.) 


^04  1001    TESTS 


Caswell,  Massey  Company,  Ltd.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Casma    Talcum.     {Extravagantly    praised   as   a 
** perfect,  magnificent  article/'    The  usual  hor- 
ated  talcum  powder,  borax  not  declared.) 
Colgate  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

it  Violet  Talc  Powder.  (A  good  perfumed  powder 
about  78  per  cent,  talc  strongly  borated  (12  per 
cent).  Though  decidedly  antiseptic  the  claims 
made  are  slightly  extreme.) 

Crane,  James  C,  108  Fulton  Street,  N.  Y. 

*  Elcaya  Rice  Powder,  Avec  Talc  de  Venise  Purife. 

{About  one-third  talc  which  however  costs  as 
much  as  the  rice  powder.  Also  has  the  merit  of 
declaring  the  talc  though  the  statement  should 
he  in  English  and  in  larger  type.) 

Freeman  Perfume  Company,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

(N)  Freeman's  Medicated  Face  Powder.  {Talc  and 
zinc  oxide,  good  quality,  but  claims  as  to  medi- 
cation and  effects  as  a  complexion  beautifier  un- 
warranted.) 

Gille  E.,  1  Hamilton  Grange,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Cream  White  Face  Powder. 

*  Flesh  Face  Powder. 

*  White  Face  Powder. 

{Vsuiial  zinc  oxide,  talc  and  calcium  carbonate 
combination,  tinted;  no  special  claims  made.) 


TOILET    ARTICLES  205 

Gomi,  T.  D.,  Geisha  Importing  Company,  3  East  17tli 
St.,  New  York  City. 
(N)  Oriental  Wistaria  Talcum  Powder.     (Should  he 
labeled  '^horated/'  a  good  powder.) 

Heyer,  George  W.,  Houston,  Texas. 

*  Heyer 's  Prickly  Heat  Powder.     {Consists  largely 

of  zinc  oxide  with  starch  and  small  quantities 
of  camphor  and  phenol.  Claims  moderate. 
'^For  heat  and  itching  of  skin.^') 

Hudnut,  Richard,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Violet  Sec  Talcum.  {Should  he  labeled  ''ho- 
rated/'  a  good  powder.) 

Kirk,  James  S.,  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Jap-Rose  Toilet  Talcum  Powder.  {Composed  of 
talc  and  zinc  oxide;  a  horated  toilet  or  com- 
plexion  powder.  Is  not  a  straight  talcum, 
strictly  speaking,  when  so  compounded.) 

Lehn  and  Fink,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Riveris  Talcum  Powder.     {Talcum;  excellent  qual- 

ity with  fine  perfume.  Not  **a  necessity  for 
hahy's  health' '  as  claimed.) 


Levy,  Ben.,  Company,  Boston, 

(N)  LaBlaehe  Face  Powder.     {A  fine   powder,  {talc 


206  1001    TESTS 


and  zinc  oxide)  which  clmms  to  produce  "a 
clear,  healthy  complexion  J  ^  This  is  obviously 
impossible.  It  merely  conceals  blemishes,  the 
same  as  any  other  powder.) 

Marinello  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

"k  Marinello  Powder.  {A  slight  trace  of  heavy  metal, 
tin  or  antimony,  probably  present  as  an  im- 
purity in  the  zinc  oxide.) 

Mennen,  Gerhard,  Chemical  Company,  Newark,  N.  J. 

*  Borated  Talcum  Toilet  Powder. 

*  Violet  Talcum  Toilet  Powder  Borated. 

(Good  powders  containing  over  90  per  tent,  of 
talc  but  less  than  2  per  cent,  of  boric  acid 
'* Borated  properties^'  are  therefore  practically 
negligible  and  the  claims  though  they  have  been 
moderated  are  still  rather  too  strong.) 
Napoleon  Pharmacal  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Napoleon  Lilac  Aseptic  Toilet  Powder — Borated. 
Plexo  Preparations,  Inc.,  New  York  and  Paris. 

(D)  Plexo  Evening  White.  (A  semi-liquid  mixture  of 
zinc  oxide,  calcium  carbonate  and  alcohol.  Has 
artificial  violet  perfume.  Claims  to  conceal  all 
imperfections  and  still  to  be  invisible,  '^WiLl 
not  rub  off;  claims  not  tolerable.) 
Pozzoni,  J.  A.,  Pharmacal  Company,  Chicago,  Illinois. 

(N)  Pozzoni 's  Gold  Puff  Box.  {Extravagant  claims 
for  a  complexion  powder  and  rouge,  both  con- 
taining a  pink  dye  and  the  powder  carrying  bis- 
muth subcarbonate  and  zinc  oxide.  Not  in- 
jurious but  over  pradsed.) 


TOILET    ARTICLES  207 

Pray,  Dr.  J.  Parker,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Dr.  Pray's  Hy-Gen-ia  Face  Powder.  (Talc,  zinc 
oxide  and  starch  with  some  magnesium  carbon- 
ate. Claims  that  it  is  healing,  does  not  clog 
glands  or  pores  of  the  skin,  a  preservative  and 
medicinal  powder,  are  deemed  unwarranted,) 

Pura  Manufacturing  Company,  Lancaster,  Pa. 

(D)  Hymettus  Rose-Violet  Talcum  Powder.  {Con- 
tains zinc  oxide,  horic  acid  and  talc,  with  a  deli- 
cate perfume.  Many  talcum  powders  are  bo- 
rated  and  the  claims  that  it  is  ^'softer,  finer  and 
more  refreshing  than  other  talcum  prepara- 
tions,''  and  that  it  '^heaW  are  not  warranted. 
Is  not  a  straight  talcum;  should  be  labeled  '^a 
borated  toilet  or  complexion  powder,' ') 

Stafford-Miller  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

(D)  Carmen  Complexion  Powder.  {Usual  combina- 
tion of  talc,  zinc  oxide  and  starch,  perfumed 
and  colored.  Claims  that  it  is  the  '^hest  for 
the  skin,"  "never  dusts  off,"  "never  shows  pow- 
der," "superior  to  other  complexion  powders," 
etc.,  are  unwarranted.) 

Tetlow,  Henry,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(D)  Tetlow 's  Superb  Gossamer,  Harmless  for  the  Com- 
plexion. {Another  combination  of  talc,  zinc  ox- 
ide, starch  and  perfume.  Good  in  itself,  but 
claims  that  it  "really  nourishes,  benefits  and 
softens  the  shin,"  does  not  obstruct  the  pores,  and 
is  superior  to  all  others,  absurdly  overdrawn.) 


208  1001    TESTS 


Vantine,  A.  A.,  and  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Geisha  Face  Powder.     (Talc,  zinc  oxide  and  starch, 

perfumed  and  colored,) 

*  Kutch  Sandalwood  Talcum  Powder.     {Talc,  pow- 

dered orris,  and  sandalwood  oU.) 
"A  Wistaria  Blossom  Talc.     (Perfumed  talcum  pow- 
der with  a  little  starchy  material.) 

Vogue  Perfumery  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

,(D)  Vogue  Poudre  de  Eiz.  (Claimed  to  he  a  rice  pow- 
der hut  is  84  per  cent.  talc.  Is,  therefore, 
plainly  mishranded.  No  ohjection  to  adding 
some  talc,  for  mechanical  reasons,  if  declared.) 
if  Vogue  Liquid  Complexion  Powder.  (Merely  zinc 
oxide  and  a  little  calcium  carhonate  suspended 
in  perfumed  water.) 

Williams,  J.  B.,  Company,  Glastonbury,  Conn. 

*  Carnation  Talcum  Powder. 

*  Violet  Talcum  Powder. 

(Good  powders  containing  about  90  per  cent, 
of  talc  hut  only  4  per  cent,  of  horic  acid.  Claims 
only  to  he  ^'gently  antiseptic."  Other  claims 
mildly  extravagant.  Not  the  ^^ choicest  talc" 
though  good.  ** Believes  sunburn,"  etc.,  only 
in  a  temporary  and  palliative  way.) 

Wrisley,  Allen  B.,  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(D)  San  Toy  Talcum.  (The  usual  combination  of 
talc,  starch,  calcium  carbonate,  and  perfume;  no 
horic  acid  nor  zinc  oxide  found  and  still  it  is 
claimed  that  the  powder  is  **  highly  antiseptic 
and  healing";  *' absolutely  perfect.") 


SOAPS 

The  main  points  in  regard  to  the  soaps  are  to  be 
sure  that  there  is  no  free  alkali  or  only  a  trace,  and 
not  too  much  water,  that  is,  that  you  are  getting  a 
fair  amount  of  soap  for  your  money,  and  not  pay- 
ing for  water.  The  high  priced  soaps  contain  no 
more  soap,  are  no  more  cleansing  and  are  no  purer 
than  many  of  the  five  cent  products ;  in  fact,  some- 
times the  contrary  is  the  case.  If  a  woman  wishes 
to  pay  25  cents  to  one  dollar  for  a  perfumed, 
colored  cake  of  soap,  daintily  wrapped,  for  the 
pleasure  of  using  it,  well  and  good,  but  she  should 
know  that  she  is  not  getting  **a  bargain." 
Glycerin  soaps,  for  example,  while  of  good  quality 
and  useful  for  some  skins,  are  not  economical,  as 
they  ** waste"  more  quickly  than  other  types. 

The  medicated  soaps  with  almost  no  exceptions 
must  be  criticised  on  account  of  their  extravagant 
claims.  Any  soap  has  some  little  antiseptic  prop- 
erties, but  the  amount  of  antiseptics  added  to 
soaps  and  the  conditions  under  which  they  are 
used  make  it  impossible  that  they  should  ful- 
fill any  extravagant  claims  as  to  healing  skin 
diseases    or    producing    anything    approaching 


210  1001    TESTS 


complete  antisepsis.  They  present  another  ex- 
ample of  permissible  products  over-burdened 
with  impossible  claims.  Other  soaps  we  are 
obliged  to  criticize  on  the  ground  of  misbrand- 
ing, since  their  composition  does  not  warrant 
the  name  given  them,  which  would  imply  the 
presence  of  certain  ingredients  or  oils  not  found  in 
any  material  quantities.  None  of  the  soaps  are 
really  harmful  except  in  so  far  as  the  extravagant 
claims  made  for  them  might  be  misleading  and 
cause  one  to  neglect  more  important  precautions 
and  depend  upon  them  for  services  they  could  not 
perform. 

TESTED  SOAPS 

{Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  {N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
{D)j  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviil  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

American  Druggists*  Syndicate,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

(D)  A.  D.  S.  Kurakutic  Soap.  {Misleading  name  in 
apparent  imitation  of  '^cuticura.**  No  phenols 
or  other  antiseptics  detected.  Claim  ^'invalvr 
ahle  for  skin  purification/*  misleading.) 

(D)  A.  D.  S.  Improved  Foot  Soap.  (Contains  bran, 
horax,  eucalyptus,  hut  no  free  iodine,  nor  free 
olive  oil,  nor  combined  iodide  in  any  form  {as 
claimed)  could  be  detected..  Fairly  good  com- 
position, but  claims  that  it  would  gradually  re- 
move corns,  bunions  and  callouses  unwarranted.) 


TOILET    ARTICLES  211 

Armour  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Savon  de  Toilette  Luxor.  {A  good  grade  hf  soap 
delicately  perfumed.  Wrapped  in  silk  and  sold 
for  one  dollar.  A  good  soap  over-priced  and 
over-praised.) 

Cereal  Soap  Company,  8  Beach  Street,  New  York. 
(D)  Zap.  (Soap,  sodium  carbonate,  cornmeal  and 
oatmeal  found.  Statement  that  *'no  soap  or 
soda  is  required^'  is  misleading  when  both  are 
present.  Claim  that  it  is  ''made  from  pure 
vegetable  cereals''  is  not  warranted  since  other 
substances  are  found.  Unjustifiable  criticism  of 
other  soaps  and  claims  that  it  is  '' the  greatest 
skin  soap  in  the  world,"  and  is  ''absolutely 
pure"  deemed  unwarranted  by  its  composition, 
either  as  determined  or  claimed.) 

Colgate  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Cashmere  Bouquet  Toilet  Soap. 

*  Heliotrope  (Soap.) 

Crittenton,  Charles  N.,  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Glenn's  Sulphur  Soap. 

Fairbank,  N.  K.,  Company,  Chicago,  and  New  York. 

*  Fairy  Soap.     (A  good  floating  soap  containing 

a  very  moderate  amount  of  moisture  for  this 
type.  No  caustic  alkali  found  but  a  little  more 
carbonated  alkali  than  the  Government  specifi- 
cations  permit.    A    good   soap   extravagantly 


2ia  1001    TESTS 


praised.  *' Unquestionably  the  purest,  best  and 
most  satisfactory  soap  on  the  market/'  **the 
cleanest  of  all  soaps  for  household  use,"  unwar- 
ranted; others  just  as  good,) 

Hinds,  A.  S.,  Portland,  Maine. 

(D)  Hind's  Honey  and  Almond  Cream  Soap.  {Name 
not  warranted  by  composition;  no  honey  or  al- 
mond detected.  Statement  that  it  *^ improves 
the  complexion' '  cannot  be  guaranteed.) 

Hudnut,  Richard,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

•  Violet  Sec.     (Soap.) 

Jergens,  Andrew,  Company,  Cincinnati  and  New  York. 

*  Jergen's  Violet   Glycerine   Soap.     (Claims  ^*We 

have  caught  the  real  fragrance  of  the  violets"; 
perfume  appears  to  be  largely  artificial.) 

(N)  "Woodbury's  Facial  Soap.  {A  good  grade  of 
soap  with  a  greater  antiseptic  value  than  ordi- 
nary soaps.  The  claims  that  it  is  recommended 
''for  eczema  and  acne,"  and  has  ''stimulating 
tonic  properties"  are  not  warranted,  by  compo- 
sition as  far  as  can  be  determined.) 

Johnson,  B.  J.,  Soap  Company,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

(N)  Palm  Olive  Soap.  (Impossible  to  determine  the 
exact  nature  of  oils  and  fats  used  but  palm  and 
olive  were  not  present  in  sufficient  amounts  to 
warrant  the  name.    No  criticism  of  soap  itself.) 


TOILET   ARTICLES  213 

Johnson  and  Johnson,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

*  Synol  Soap.     (A  liquid  soap  containing  phenol  and 

glycerin.  No  free  alkali;  51  per  cent,  of  mois- 
ture, Eeall]f  a  strong  solution  of  carbolic;  the 
surgical  claims  for  antisepsis  and  germ  destroy- 
ing powers  are  slightly  extravagant.) 

Kirk,  James  S.,  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Jap  Rose  Soap.     {Statement  that  you  '^use  only 

half  as  much  as  you  would  of  any  other  soap'* 
unwarranted.     Contained  12  per  cent  water.) 
Klein's,  Budapest,  Hungary. 

*  Glycerin  Soap. 

Lever  Brothers  Company,  Boston,  Mass.  , 

(D)  Lifebuoy  Health  Soap.  (18  per  cent,  of  water, 
no  free  alkali  and  a  slight  trace  of  sodium  car- 
bonate; contains  cresols  or  similar  coal  tar  prod- 
ucts. A  good  soap  hut  claims  *' brings  beauty 
to  the  skin/*  '^prevents  infection/*  '^for  saving 
life  and  preserving  health'*  not  warranted.) 

Lilly,  Eli,  and  Company,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

*  Lilly 's  Liquid  Soap — ^unscented. 

Morgan's,  Enoch,  Sons  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Hand  Sapolio.  (71  per  cent,  sand  and  little  ex- 
cess alkalinity.  Claims  to  equal  a  mild  turkish 
bath;  not  of  perfect  purity.**  Bos  a  place  for 
removing  stains,  etc.,  but  some  claims  excessive.) 


ai4  1001    TESTS 


Miilhens  and  KropfF,  298  Broadway,  New  York  Gity. 

*  White  Rose  Glycerin  Soap, 

Packer  Manufacturing  Company,  New  York. 

*  Packer's  Tar  Soap. 

Pears,  A.  F.,  Ltd.,  71-75  New  Oxford  Street,  London, 
W.  C. 

*  Pears'  Soap. 

Potter  Drug  and  Chemical  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 
(D)  Cuticura  Soap.  {A  good  grade  of  soap  contain- 
ing a  small  quantity  of  prussian  Hue  and  proi- 
ably  a  little  phenyl.  Prussian  Hue  has  been 
recommended  for  shin  diseases.  Excessive 
claims  made  for  Cuticura  as  to  the  prevention 
and  treatment  of  sMn  eruptions,  are  not  war- 
ranted hy  its  composition.) 

Proctor  and  Gamble,  Ciacirmati,  Ohio. 

*  Ivory  Soap.     (As  pure  as  it  is  cheap.)] 
Remmers,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

(N)  Eemmers'  Peroxide  Soap.  (No  peroxide  could  he 
determined  hy  the  usual  tests,  therefore  the 
name  is  unwarranted  and  the  product  mis- 
branded.  A  good  soap  otherwise;  claims  mod- 
erate.) 
Resinol  Soap  Company,  Baltimore,  Md. 

(D)  Resinol  Soap.  (Contains  a  small  amount  of 
cresol  or  some  similar  substance.  Impossible 
claims  made  to  the  effect  that  it  ^'prevents 
acne,*'  ^^ nourishes  the  underlying  tissues  of  the 


TOILET   ARTICLES  ^15 

skin/*  *^ prevents  falling  out  of  the  hair/*  etc, 
whereas  antiseptic  properties  are  very  limited.) 

Roger  and  Gallet,  Rue  d'Hauteville,  Paris. 
'k  Savon  Violette  de  Parme. 

(N)  Savon  Vera-Violetta.  (A  good  grade  of  soap, 
scented  with  violet.  Sold  for  85  cents.  No  su- 
periority to  the  25  cent  cake  could  be  discov- 
ered. Perfume  may  he  superior  hut  finished 
product  does  not  show  it.    Price  excessive.) 

Roessler  and  Hasslacher  Chemical  Company,  New 
York,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Peroxide  Zinc  Soap.  (A  good  peroxide  zinc  soap 
really  liberating  some  oxygen.  Claims  made, 
however,  for  the  amount  liberated,  the  effects 
produced  and  the  danger  from  using  *^ ordinary** 
soaps  are  not  warranted.) 

Wrisley,  Allen  B.,  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Olivilo  Soap.  {A  good  soap  but  claims  unten- 
able: '^ Makes  beauty/*  'Hasts  nearly  twice  as 
long  as  other  ten  cent  toilet  soaps/*  *^ keeps  the 
skin  in  its  natural  healthy  condition.**) 


TOOTH  POWDEilS,  PASTES,  ETC. 

There  are  few  if  any  tooth  powders  which  are 
really  injurious,  but  their  antiseptic  power  is  lim- 
ited by  the  conditions  under  which  they  are  used 
and  the  excessive  claims  made  for  these  simple 
preparations  as  to  their  elBficacy  in  destroying 
germs,  sterilizing  the  mouth,  preventing  the  forma- 
tion of  tartar,  and  curing,  or  even  preventing,  pyor- 
rhea, are  out  of  all  proportion  to  the  facts.  Some 
modern  investigators  object  to  the  common  alka- 
line tooth  paste  and  urge  a  mild  acidity  such  as  is 
imparted  by  eating  fruits.  The  base  of  the  com- 
mon tooth  paste  is  carbonate  of  lime,  and  this 
is  of  such  mild  alkalinity  as  to  threaten  no  harm. 
The  great  claims  made  for  the  liberation  of  oxygen 
in  the  mouth  and  the  effect  so  produced  must  be 
looked  at  askance ;  even  though  the  statements  may 
be  true  to  a  certain  extent  theoretically,  the  effect 
produced  in  the  mouth  is  problematic.  The  claims 
that  the  breath  is  purified  are  obviously  false. 
The  breath  may  be  perfumed  or  sweetened,  but  bad 
breath  coming  from  decaying  teeth  or  lung 
trouble  or  indigestion  is  not  purified  by  the  use  of 
any  tooth  paste,  powder  or  wash,  whatever  it  may 

216 


TOILET   ARTICLES  217 

contain.  Some  of  tlie  preparations  are  accom- 
panied by  circulars  giving  laboratory  reports  and 
imposing  pictures  of  microscopic  slides,  ** before 
and  after  using,"  showing  the  germicidal  effect  of 
the  products  in  question.  A  laboratory  experi- 
ment of  this  Mnd  by  no  means  parallels  the  con- 
ditions existing  in  the  mouth  and  the  conclusions 
drawn  from  such  experiments  are  unwarranted. 
The  ingredients  of  the  several  tooth  powders  and 
pastes  indicated  in  the  list  do  not  pretend  to  be 
complete  analyses,  as  often  the  ingredients  are 
present  in  too  small  an  amount  to  be  distinguished 
by  analysis.  Only  the  general  character  of  the 
product  is  indicated. 

The  real  function  of  a  tooth  paste  or  tooth  pow- 
der is  to  assist  the  brush  and  water  in  thoroughly 
cleansing  the  tooth  by  friction.  The  antisepsis 
afforded  is  really  secondary  and  there  is  room  for 
a  wide  reform  in  regard  to  tooth  pastes  and  tooth 
powders,  as  to  the  claims  made  in  this  respect,  a 
point  brought  out  at  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Na- 
tional Dentists'  Association,  by  Dr.  L.  F.  Kebler, 
Chief  of  the  Division  of  Drugs,  Department  of 
Agriculture,  who  said : 

''After  learning  of  the  beneficial  inhibiting  effects  of 
the  antiseptics  on  the  activities  of  bacteria,  it  was  nat- 


218  1001    TESTS 


urally  believed  that  there  was  the  means  by  which  the 
bacterial  flora  of  the  buccal  cavity  could  be  controlled 
or  stayed,  if  not  absolutely  destroyed.  Experiments, 
however,  soon  showed  that  it  was  impossible  to  sterilize 
the  oral  cavity  or  even  to  appreciably  diminish  the  num- 
ber of  bacteria  without  using  the  drugs  in  such  strength 
as  to  make  them  intolerable,  if  not  absolutely  dangerous, 
either  because  of  their  disagreeable  odor,  and  taste,  or 
because  of  their  effects  upon  the  mucous  membrane  and 
their  toxicity.  ...  It  is  a  well  recognized  principle  in 
bacteriology  that  the  greater  the  dilution  of  a  germicide, 
the  longer  the  time  of  action  necessary  to  destroy  the 
bacteria,  and  vice  versa.  From  the  necessary  dilution 
already  considered,  it  is  quite  evident  that  none  of  these 
germicidal  agents  can  avail  much  in  sterilizing  the 
mouth,  and  that  antiseptics  are  of  correspondingly  little 
actual  value." 

It  is  these  extravagant  and  misleading  claims 
wbicb  made  it  impossible  to  give  the  highest  ap- 
proval to  many  of  the  good  tooth  powders  listed. 
When  a  very  excellent  tooth  powder  containing 
more  antiseptics  than  usual  is  said  to  **kill  all 
germs,"  ** prevent  contagion  and  all  disease,"  and 
** cleanse  as  nothing  else  will  do,"  we  are  obliged 
to  disprove  it,  excellent  as  its  composition  may  be, 
as  we  could  not  put  our  guarantee  back  of  isuch 
misleading  claims. 


TOILET   ARTICLES  219 

TESTED  TOOTH  POWDERS,  PASTES,  ETC. 

(Starred  products  (*)  are  rated  at  85  to  100;  (N)  indicates  a 
noncommittal  rating  between  76  and  84;  disapproved  products 
(D)j  rated  at  75  and  less;  see  Introduction  and  page  xxviii  for 
details  as  to  method  of  rating.) 

Allen  Pharmacal  Company,  New  York. 

iK  Royal  Tooth.  Powder.  {Consists  essentially  of 
soap,  calcium  carbonate,  and  methyl  salicylate. 
Claims  as  to  preserving  and  hardening  the  gums 
mildly  extravagant.) 

American  Druggists*  Syndicate,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 
(N)  A.  D.  S.  Peroxide  Tooth  Powder.  {Chalk,  soap, 
some  form  of  solid  peroxide,  and  flavoring 
agents.  Claims  to  ''heal  and  harden  the  gum^," 
"remove  all  external  discolor ations,"  to  he  "a 
scientific  combination  of  cleansing  and  anti- 
septic agents,' '  "to  leave  the  mouth  in  an  anti- 
septic condition."  Claims  unwarranted.) 
(D)  A.  D.  S.  Peredixo  Tooth  Paste.  A  Peroxide  Tooth 
Paste.  {Use  of  word  "Peredixo'^  to  suggest 
peroxide.  No  peroxide  whatever  found;  merely 
soap,  chalk,  glycerin,  and  flavoring  agents. 
Claims  to  he  a  peroxide  tooth  paste,  which  will 
leave  the  mouth  in  a  thoroughly  aseptic  and 
wholesome  condition.  Name  and  claims  mis- 
leading.) 

Armour  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Luxor  Tooth  Paste.  {Calcium  carbonate  and 
soap    with    menthol.    A    good    a/ntacid    tooth 


220  1001    TESTS 


paste,  hut  the  claims  that  it  *^ sweetens  the 
breath/'  *^ hardens  the  gums/'  and  is  ** anti- 
septic'' are  somewhat  overdrawn.) 

Colgate  and  Company,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Ribbon  Dental  Cream.  {Menthol,  soap,  calcium 
carbonate,  benzoic  acid,  wintergreen,  probably 
glycerin.  ** Purifying  the  breath/'  a  mislead- 
ing claim,  is  to  be  withdrawn. 

Dentacura  Company,  Newark,  N.  J. 

(N)  Dentacura.  {A  good  preparation  containing 
soap,  calcium  carbonate,  methyl  salicylate, 
msnthol,  eucalyptol,  boric  acid,  etc.  No  thymol 
could  be  detected  in  the  finished  product  though 
it  is  said  to  be  added.  Former  impossible  claims 
such  as  ^^ kills  all  germs/'  ^'prevents  contagion/' 
etc.,  withdrawn.) 

Hall  and  Ruckel,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Sozodont  Tooth  Paste.  {Soap,  calcium  carbon- 
ate, eosin  {coloring),  oil  of  cinnamon,  and 
menthol.  A  good  tooth  paste  but  the  claims 
that  it  is  the  ^^  embodiment  of  ideas  of  famous 
chemists/'  '^hardens  the  gums/'  etc.,  are  not 
warranted  by  its  simple  composition.) 
(N)  Van  Buskirk's  Sozodont  Antiseptic  Tooth  Paste. 
{Essentially  soap,  calcium  carbonate,  menthol, 
methyl  salicylate  and  salicylic  acid.  Claims 
that  it  ''hardens  the  gums/'  ** tones  and  ster- 
ilizes the  mouth/'  extravagant;  other  state- 
ments m4)derate.) 


TOILET   ARTICLES  221 

Kolynos  Company,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

(N)  Kolynos.  {A  good  preparation  contaming  chalk, 
alcohol,  soap,  glycerine  and  small  amounts  of 
other  antiseptics  such  as  benzoic  acid,  and  es- 
sential oils.  Overburdened  with  extravagant 
claims  such  as  ** disease  preventer,"  ''destroys 
germs  of  diphtheria  and  pneumonia  in  less  than 
one  minute,"  etc.,  '^ sterilizes  the  mouth  to  de- 
gree heretofore  believed  impossible,"  etc.) 

Lavoris  Chemical  Company,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

(D)  Lavoris.  {A  mouth  wash  containing  zinc  chlo- 
ride, menthol,  oil  of  cassia  and  alcohol,  as  its 
principal  ingredients.  Formaldehyde  claimed, 
none  found;  statements  made  as  to  its  germici- 
dal and  healing  properties  greatly  exagger- 
ated.) 

Lehn  and  Fink,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

*  Pebeco  Tooth  Paste.  (Differs  from  most  tooth 
pastes  in  containing  potassium  chlorate,  harm- 
less in  quantities  in  which  it  is  present  but  of 
problematic  efficiency.  Other  important  ingre- 
dients are:  calcium  carbonate,  soap,  methyl  sa- 
licylate, and  menthol.  Former  extravagant 
claims  as  to  efficiency  in  relief  of  disease,  anti- 
septic value,  etc.,  have  been  moderated  or  with^ 
drawn.) 

Lyon,  I.  W.,  and  Sons,  520  West  27th  Street,  New  York. 
(N)  Perfect  Tooth  Powder.     (Essentially  soap,  col- 


222  1001    TESTS 


cium  carbonate,  and  methyl  salicylate.    Does 
not  really  ** purify  the  hreath'^  as  claimed.) 

McKesson  and  Robbins,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Calox,  The  Oxygen  Tooth  Powder.  {Contains 
peroxide,  menthol,  methyl  salicylate  and  cal- 
cium carbonate.  Does  liberate  some  active  oxy- 
gen in  the  mouth  but  the  efficacy  of  this  ingre- 
dient is  greatly  over  estimated.) 

Pyro  Chemical  Company,  1212  Saratoga  Street,  Balti- 
more, Md. 
(D)  Pyrodento.  (An  alkaline  liquid,  containing  5  per 
cent,  of  alcohol,  as  declared,  with  sodium  bicar- 
bonate, egg  albumen,  boric  acid,  glycerin,  and 
small  amount  of  formaldehyde,  and  the  oils  of 
cinnamon,  spearmint  and  peppermint.  No  po- 
tassium permanganate  could  be  detected,  though 
it  is  claimed  in  the  formula,  and  if  added,  is 
present  in  too  small  amounts  to  be  detected  or 
to  be  of  any  practical  value.  Claims  that  *'It 
destroys  bacteria,  thus  acting  as  a  prophylactic 
to  all  diseases  of  the  oral  cavity,''  ** hardens 
the  gums,"  and  is  ^'especially  recommended  for 
pyorrhea,"  not  warranted.) 
(D)  Pyrodento  Creme  Paste.  {Consists  essentially  of 
calcium  and  magnesium  carbonates,  fixed  oil, 
boric  acid,  glycerin,  egg  albumen,  a  trace  of 
formaldehyde,  sodium  carbonate,  oils  of  spear- 
mint, peppermint,  and  cinnamon.  No  soap, 
gelatin  or  starch  present.    No  potassium  per- 


TOILET   ARTICLES  223 

manganate  detected.  Could  not  sterilize  ''at 
the  mouth/ ^  and  its  usefulness  in  the  treatment 
of  pyorrhea,  stomatitis,  chronic  ulcerations,  etc., 
problematic.) 

Sanitol  Chemical  Laboratory  Company,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
*  Sanitol  Tooth.  Paste.  {Contains  calcium  carbon- 
ate, soap,  methyl  salicylate,  and  menthol. 
Claims  "the  most  effective  cream  known  to  the 
dentist,''  *'of  lasting  benefit  to  teeth  and  gums," 
obviously  exaggerated.) 

Sheffield  Dentrifice  Company,  New  York  City,  N.  Y. 
(N)  Dental  Cream.  (Essentially  sassafras,  menthol, 
soap,  calcium  carbonate,  eosin  (coloring)  and 
oil  of  cinnamon.  Over  weighted  with  such 
claims  as  the  following:  "Coats  the  teeth  with 
an  alkaline  film  that  protects  them  for  hours"; 
"neutralizes  all  acids  of  the  mouth,"  "best  in 
the  world,"  etc.) 

United  Drug  Company,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Rexall  Tooth  Powder.  (Essentially  soap,  cal- 
cium carbonate,  methyl  salicylate  and  thymol. 
Claims  to  remove  usual  cause  of  decayed  teeth 
and  fetid  breath.  This  could  not  possibly  be 
true,  as  decaying  teeth  and  bad  breath  in  many 
cases  have  deep  systemic  causes  which  a  tooth 
powder  could  not  reach.  Statement  true  only  in 
a  most  general  way  in  so  far  as  it  keeps  the 
teeth  clean.) 


XIX 

APPENDIX 

CLASSIFIED  PEODUCTS  EXAMINED 
DURING  1914^1915 

I.    BAKING  POWDERS,  YEASTS,  ETC. 

General  Chemical  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Ryzon  Baking  Powder.     (A  very  efficient,  phos- 

phate powder  (15  per  cent,  of  carhon  dioxid). 
Contains  monosodium  phosphate,  instead  of  acid 
calcium  phosphate.  An  efficient  poivder,  leav^ 
ing  only  a  residue  of  sodium  phosphate,  which 
does  not,  however,  restore  to  the  bread  the  type 
of  phosphate  removed  in  making  white  flour.) 

Southern  Manufacturing  Co.,  Richmond,  Va. 

*  Princine  Baking  Powder.     {A  good  powder  of  the 

phosphate  type.  Well  labeled  hut  claims  of 
superiority  and  purity  in  descriptive  literature 
exaggerated.) 


225 


II.    BEVEEAGES 

CHOCOLATES 

Blocker,  J.  and  C,  Amsterdam,  Holland  (46  Hudson 
Street,  New  York  City). 
ir  Grand  Brand  Cocoa.  {A  typical  Dutch  cocoa  con- 
taining about  3.5  of  mineral  ingredients  added 
to  assist  in  holding  the  cocoa  in  suspension,  and 
frankly  declared  on  label.  Contained  less  fat 
than  the  Daalder's  Brand  (p.  8),  sold  for  a 
lower  price.    Quality  however  is  good.) 

Croft  and  Allen  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

(N)  Croft's  Breakfast  Cocoa.  {Fat  rather  low  {about 
20  per  cent.)  and  ash  high  indicating  either  an 
alkali  treated  product  or  one  that  is  not  care^ 
fully  cleaned.  Claim  ^^ fatty  part  of  cocoa  re- 
moved'^ is  inaccurate  and  meaningless.  Half 
of  the  fat  is  always  removed  in  making  cocoa 
— to  remove  too  much  makes  an  inferior  quality 
and  all  of  it  is  never  removed.) 
(D)  Swiss  Milk  Cocoa.  {Almost  no  milk  or  else  it  is 
skimmed  milk,  as  fat  and  Beichert  Meissl  num- 
ber are  very  low.  Also  mineral  ingredients  are 
high  indicating  an  alkali  treated  cocoa  or  an 
impure  article — probably  the  former  as  ^' Swiss 
Process''  is  claimed.) 

226 


BEVERAGES  227 


Merrell-Soule  Co.,  Syracuse,  New  York. 

(D)  Milcoco.  (About  64  per  cent,  sugars  with  dried 
skim  milk  and  a  very  small  amount  of  cocoa. 
Almost  no  fat  found  and  therefore  not  entitled 
to  the  name  of  ''miW  or  ''cocoa"  without  any 
explanatory  labeling.) 

Pickman,  P.  G.,  and  Bros.,  New  York  City. 

(D)  Liquid  chocolate.  {Milk  soured — Claim  ''Keeps 
indefinitely  in  any  climate,"  obviously  not  cor- 
rect. Better  to  mix  one's  own  condensed  milk 
and  chocolate.) 


COFFEE  AND  TEA 

Blanke,  C.  F.,  Tea  and  Coffee  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

*  Faust  Coffee.     {Extravagant  quality  claims.) 
Bout  Co.,  Toledo,  Ohio. 

*  Old  Master  Coffee. 

*  Royal  Garden  Tea. 

*  San  Marto  Coffee. 

Cel-Co  Manufacturing  Co.,  Campfield,  Kansas. 

(N)  Cel-Co  Coffee  Substitute.  {The  visual  mixture 
of  grains,  treated  with  molasses  and  roasted  and 
ground.  Harmless  hut  in  no  sense  a  true  sub- 
stitute for  coffee.) 

Figprune  Cereal  Co.,  San  Jose,  Calif. 

(N)  Figprune.  {A  cereal  beverage  containing  dried 
roasted  figs  and  probably  prunes  mixed  with 
ground  roasted  grains.  A  grain  rather  than  a 
fruit  mixture  as  name  would  signify.  Claims 
too  strong.) 

Hammer,  C,  352  West  llTth  Street,  New  York  City. 
(N)  Hammer's  Concentrated  Coffee.  {Concentration 
and  economy  claims  not  warramted — only  about 
8  per  cent,  of  total  solids.  Such  products  al- 
ways lack  the  fine  flavor  and  odor  of  real  oof- 
fee.) 

228 


BEVERAGES  229 

Kaffee  Hag  Corporation,  225  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York 
City. 
•A"  Kaffee  Hag.  {Coffee  heans  from  which  95  per 
cent,  of  the  caffein  has  been  extracted  without 
affecting  flavor  materially.  Claims  **All  of  the 
delights — none  of  the  regrets''  *'A  perfect  cof- 
fee,'' hardly  accurate  as  caffein  however  injuri- 
ousj  is  one  of  the  characteristic  ingredients 
of  coffee.) 

Kellogg,  W.  K.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

(N)  Drinket.  (A  harmless  beverage,  essentially  a  mix- 
ture of  roasted  cereals.  Contains  apparently 
considerable  bran  and  some  sugar.  Compari- 
sons with  coffee  not  warranted.) 

Lipton's,  London,  New  York,  Chicago. 

*  Lipton's  Gossip  Blend  Caffee-Klatsch  Coffee. 

*  Lipton's  Yellow  Label  Blend  Coffee. 

{Superlative  claims  as  the  *^ choicest  and  most 
carefully  selected"  coffees  objectionable.) 

Mexican  Products  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(D)  Mexican  Coffee  Tablets.  {A  ground  coffee  com- 
pressed into  a  square  cake.  Quality  is  good  but 
claims  that  the  beverage  will  be  ^'practically 
free  from  caffetannic  acid"  and  that  the  *'most 
delicate  persons"  ''even  after  prolonged  and 
constant  use"  will  suffer  no  HI  effects,  are  mis- 
leading as  1.4  per  cent,  of  caffein  was  found.) 


230  1001    TESTS 


Monroe  Co.,  Quincy,  111. 

'k  Monco.  {A  cereal  beverage  containing  chicory 
which  is  declared  on  label.  All  nutritive  claims 
and  objectionable  over-emphasized  comparisons 
have  been  withdrawn,) 

Peek  Bros,  and  Winch,  New  York  City. 

*  Ceylon,  Indian  Blend  Tea. 

Ridgeway  House,  King  William  Street,  London,  Eng. 

*  Ridgeway 's  Tea.    Her  Majesty's  Blend. 
Schorn  and  Brower,  548  West  46th  St.,  New  York  City. 

iK  Coffee.     {Good  product  but  quality  claims  are  ex- 
treme and  not  susceptible  of  proof — '^Highest 
grade  of  private  plantation  coffee  produced,^') 
Tebbetts  and  Garland  Store,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Vilosa  Coffee.     {A  very  good  Java  and  Mocha 

mixture.  Claim  ^'World's  Most  Satisfying 
Coffee'^  objectionable  as  any  similar  mixture 
would  be  just  as  good.) 


♦ 


SOFT  DRINKS,  TONICS,  AND  MEDICATED 
BEVERAGES 

Bear  Lithia  Spring  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Ginger  Ale,  Blisco  Aromatic.     {Ginger  oils  and 

resins  found;  also  capsicum  which  should  he 
declared.) 

Doane,  Nathaniel,  Harwichport,  Mass. 

(N)  Doane 's  Cranberry  Juice.  (Flavor  not  distinc- 
tvve,  about  30  per  cent,  of  sugar  added.  Should 
he  laheled  ^^  Sweetened  Cranberry  juice.'* 
Claim  *^ Brings  that  rosy  bloom  of  youth''  of 
course  meaningless  unless  externally  applied.) 

Grape  Ola  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Grape  Ola.     {A  true  concentrated  grape  judce — 

some  sugar  added  and  declared,  but  is  all  in- 
verted by  acids  of  the  grape.) 

Hoff,  Johann,  Berlin-Hamburg,  Germany  (Eisner-Men- 
delson  Co.,  Agents). 
(D)  Hoff 's  Chocolate  with  Malt  Extract  and  Iron. 
(Almost  one-half  sugar,  not  mentioned. 
Amount  of  malt  extract  very  small  as  indicated 
hy  nitrogen  content.  Amount  of  iron  fair 
(0.12) .  Claims  made  as  to  its  use  in  the  various 
diseases  of  childhood  and  its  application  in  ad- 
ministering iron,  are  untenable.) 

231 


232  1001    TESTS 


Honolulu  Fruit  Products  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
"A*  Clark's  Pineapple  Juice.  {A  good  straight  pine- 
apple juice,  hut  slightly  short  weight  and  claim- 
ing ** medicinal**  qualities  that  are  decidedly 
problematic,  though  this  is  a  most  wholesome 
product.) 

McMurdo,  A.  E.,  Charlottesville,  Va. 

*  Monticello  Grape  Juice. 
Oregon  Fruit  Juice  Co.,  Salem,  Ore. 

*  Loganberry  juice,  Pheasant  Brand. 
Pabst  Brewing  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

(N)Pabst  Extract,  The  **Best"  Tonic.  (Alcoholic 
content  equal  to  that  of  a  beer — about  4  per 
cent,  and  total  solids  lower  than  in  other  first 
class  malt  extracts.  Claims  too  broad  especially 
in  view  of  composition.) 

Randall  Grape  Juice  Co.,  Ripley,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Grape  Juice.  {The  grape  solids  are  rather  low 
and  the  cane  sugar  rather  high.  Data  indicate 
either  inferior  grapes  or  watered  product.  Not 
unwholesome  but  not  of  highest  quality  as  com- 
pared with  other  brands.) 

Smith,  J.  Hungerford,  Grape  Juice  Co.,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

*  Royal  Purple  Grape  Juice. 
Tropical  Fruit  Juice  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Grape  Smash  Syrup.  {Not  a  true  grape  juice; 
a  syrup  flavored  with  a  product  made  from 
grapes  and  colored  with  a  vegetable  dye.  Arti- 
ficially acidulated.) 


III.    BISCUITS,  CAKES,  ETC. 

Bennett,  F.  H.,  Biscuit  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Wheatsworth  Whole  Wheat  Biscuit.  (A  true 
whole  wheat  biscuit  containing  however  17  per 
cent,  of  sugar  which  should  he  declared  on  the 
label,  as  these  products  are  largely  used  by  small 
children  and  invalids  and  the  sugar  makes  them 
much  less  desirable  in  my  opinion  for  such  use.) 

Hoenshell  and  Emery,  Lincoln,  Neb. 

*  Royal  Black  Fruit  Cake.     {Excellent  quality  hut 

short  weight,  about  3  ounces  on  a  2  lb.  package. 
Sample  a  year  old  and  shortage  due  largely  to 
loss  of  moisture — marked  **net  weight  when 
packed' '  hut  this  is  not  satisfactory.) 
Johnson  Educator  Food  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Educator  Water  Crackers.     (^^ Entire  wheaV  only 

in  the  commercial  sense.  Good  protein  content 
and  about  one  per  cent,  of  ash,  showing  that 
nearly  half  of  the  bran  was  removed.  Contains 
over  twice  as  much  of  the  mineral  ingredients 
as  white  flour  however,  and  only  *' entire  wheat 
flavor"  is  claimed.) 

Loose-Wiles  Biscuit  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Sunshine  Golden  Flakes. 

*  233 


2S4  1001    TESTS 


Mansfield  Laboratories,  Inc.,  Mansfield,  Mass. 

*  Agar  Agar  Crackers.     (A  whole  wheat  cracker  con- 

taining some  agar  agar  as  claimed.) 
National  Biscuit  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Anola. 

*  Cheese  Tid  Bit. 

*  Snaparoons.     {Not  a  ''macaroon^'  as  the  name 

might  suggest,) 
(N)  Zwieback.  {A  thoroughly  haJced,  crisp  hiscuit — 
special  value  for  children,  invalids,  etc.,  lies  in 
double  baking,  not  in  composition.  Contains  18 
per  cent,  of  reducing  sugars  which  should  he 
mentioned  on  label.  Statements  that  these  bis- 
cuit are  the  '^best  food^'  for  invalids — ^^has  no 
equaV — helps  to  '^  digest  miW  are  extrava- 
gant.) 


IV.    CANDIES 

American  Candy  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

(N)  Milady  of  Quality  Chocolates.  (32  per  cent,  of 
glucose  in  cream  fillings  too  much  for  *  Equality" 
candies  selling  at  a  dollar  a  pound,) 

Baker,  Walter,  and  Co., 

*  Sweet  chocolate.     {About  60  per  cent,  cane  sugar 

hut  chocolate  present  is  of  fine  quality  as  shown 
hy  fat  content.) 
Brewster  Cocoa  Mfg.  Co.,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

*  Almond   Milk   Chocolate    (sweet).     (Amount  of 

milk  is  small — added  mineral  ingredients  to  ex- 
tent of  1  per  cent,  declared  on  label  probably 
used  to  give  smoothness  that  should  result  from 
the  addition  of  more  milk.  No  standard  for 
these  products  and  as  this  is  honestly  labeled 
and  is  *^A  pleasing  and  wholesome  confection' ' 
the  star  rating  is  given  though  it  is  not  equal 
to  some  other  milk  chocolates  in  quality.) 
"k  Milk  Chocolate.  (Same  comments  as  for  the  al- 
mond milk  chocolate — labeling  not  so  good  in 
this  case — no  mention  of  sugar  or  of  mineral 
ingredients  on  small  package.) 

*  Peaaut  Milk  Chocolate.     {Same  comment  as  on  the 

almond  milk  chocolate,  probably  butter  and  a 
very  small  amount  of  milk  used.) 

235 


236  1001    TESTS 


Bunte  Brothers,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Candy.  {Pleasantly  flavored  hard  candies  hut 
consisting  of  nearly  one-third  glucose  and  col- 
ored with  permitted  coal  tar  dyes.) 
(N)  Happy  Heme  Candies.  {Hard  colored  candies 
with  soft  centers.  Harmless  hut  contain  an  un- 
necessarily large  proportion  of  glucose,  ^.  e.,  35 
to  40  per  cent.) 
Gallanis  Brothers,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Temptation  Chocolates. 
Johnstons,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

*  Triad  Chocolates. 

Kibbe  Brothers  Co.,  Springfield,  Mass. 

*  Kibbe  Candy.    **New  Kings.''     (Sugar,  molasses 

and  peanut  hutter  as  claimed;  a  very  minute 
amount  of  sulphur  dioxid  present  due  to  the 
molasses  (20  parts  per  million,  350  permitted 
hy  regulation) .) 
Lowney,  Walter  M.,  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Chocolates,  Date  Filling. 

*  Chocolate  Marshmallows.     {Ahout  20  per  cent,  glu- 

cose— permissihle  in  this  type  of  candy.  Price 
high — one  dollar  a  pound  for  a  product  one- 
fifth  glucose.) 
(N)  Chocolate  caramels.  (Ahout  40  per  cent,  glucose 
found.  More  than  our  standard  permits  espe- 
cially at  one  dollar  a  pound,  though  some  glu- 
cose is  permissihle  in  caramels  for  its  physical 
properties.) 


CANDIES  S37 


*  Crest  Chocolates,  Lemon. 

(N)  Crest  Chocolates,  Maple.  {Nearly  20  per  cent,  of 
glucose  found  in  the  cream  which  exceeds  the 
amount  permitted  hy  our  standard,  especially 
for  a  dollar  a  pound  candy.) 

*  Crest    Chocolates,    Strawberry.     (Good    quality, 

only  10  per  cent,  of  glucose  iyi  creams,  statement 
made  in  advertising  that  the  fillings  of  Crest 
Chocolates  are  made  of  pure  rich  cream  and  but- 
ter is  misleading  as  only  a  very  minute  amount 
of  butter  fat  was  found  and  glucose  is  not  men- 
tioned.) 

*  Crest  Chocolates,  Vanilla. 

*  Delecto  Chocolates. 
Maillard,  H.,  New  York  City. 

*  Chocolate  After  Dinner  Mints.     {Excellent  quality 

containing  only  about  14  per  cent,  of  glucose  in 
the  cream,  and  proving  lack  of  necessity  for  any 
more  glucose  in  this  type  of  candy.  Price 
rather  high,  considering  this  addition;  50  cents 
a  pound.) 
Monte  Candy  Shop,  Menomonie,  Wis. 

*  Monte    Fudge    Chocolates.     {Excellent    quality; 

only  about  5  per  cent,  of  glucose  and  high  in  fat 
(12  per  cent.),  showing  use  of  cream  or  butter.) 
National  Wafer  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Wintergreen  Nawaco  Wafers. 
Package  Confectionery  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Surprise  Wafers— Assorted.     {A  cheap  harmless 


g38  1001    TESTS 


wafer  containing  about  88  per  cent,  of  sugar  and 
less  than  5  per  cent,  of  glucose.) 
(N)  Surprise  Wafers — Chocolate.  (A  good  wafer  al- 
most pure  sugar  (about  93  per  cent.)  but  not 
enough  chocolate  to  warrant  name,  none  could 
be  found;  really  flavored  with  wintergreen.) 

Park  and  Tilford,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Juvenile  Candies.  (Good  candies  in  an  attrac- 
tive, sanitary  package  but  no  special  claim  to 
*' purity  and  excellence.**  Coal  tar  dyes  not  es- 
pecially desirable  ^^for  the  kiddies'*  even  if  a 
permitted  dye  is  used,  and  content  of  glucose 
was  high  for  this  type  of  camdy,  about  22  per 
cent.). 

Societe  Alsacienne  D'Alimentation,   Strasbourg,   Ger- 
many. 
*  Peppermint  Loriot. 

Stern  and  Saalberg,  416  45th  Street,  New  York  City. 
(N)  Chocolate  Tootsie  Rolls.     {About  40  per  cent, 
glucose  and  48  per  cent,  of  sugar.    Not  enough 
chocolate  to  give  a  characteristic  flavor  or  to 
warrant  name.) 

Westmoreland  Candy  Co.,  Richmond,  Va. 

lAr  Peeonut  Crisp.  (Extremely  small  amount  of  sul- 
phur dioxid  found,  67  parts  per  million,  due  to 
molasses  used  and  13  per  cent,  of  glucose.  A 
good  cheap  candy.) 


V.    CANNED  GOODS 

FRUITS 

Cape  Cod  Specialty  Co.,  North  Truro,  Mass. 

(N)  Cape  Cod  Peaches — Halves.     {Not  of  first  class 

quality  hut  wholesome.    Soft,  and  not  of  good 

appearance.) 
Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Apricots. 

*  Royal  Anne   Cherries    {Excellent  quality,  large 

cherries  and  net  weight  correct  hut  amount  of 
liquid  in  relation  to  solids  is  too  large — what  we 
call  ** slack  weight.'^) 

*  Egg  Plums. 

Rheinstorm  Brothers,  Cincinnati,  0. 

(N)  Rosebud  Cherries.  {Label  honestly  declares  prod- 
uct to  be  artificially  fiavored  and  colored  with 
a  permitted  coal  tar  dye.  While  not  fraudulent, 
the  product  has  little  or  no  flavor  except  sweet- 
ness, though  it  is  practically  an  imitation  Ma- 
raschino cherry,  and  is  not  of  ''star'^  quality.) 

Sprague- Warner  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Richelieu  Sliced  Lemon  Cling  Peaches.     {Can  not 

determine  whether  this  is  a  true  ^^ Lemon  Cling*' 
or  not;  doubtful  as  few  are  now  canned,  A 
good  product,  however.) 

239 


MILK  PRODUCTS,  INFANTS'  FOODS,  ETC. 

Bernese  Alps  Milk  Co.,  Emmenthal,  Switzerland. 

*  Swiss  Milk — Bear  Brand,  Sweetened  Condensed. 

(41  per  cent,  of  sugar  tut  containing  more  fat 
and  milk  solids  than  our  domestic  milks  (9  per 
cent,  fat,  33.3  milk  solids).  Directions  for  in- 
fant feeding  not  approved  {schedule  given — no 
extreme  claims).) 
Brook's  Barley  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Brook's  Baby  Barley.     (Protein  content  good  hut 

decidedly  low  in  mineral  ingredients;  not  the 
whole  grain.  A  good  product  for  infants  and 
invalids.) 

Deutsche  Milchwerke,  Germany;  Stendorf  Food  Com- 
pany, New  York  City ;  Agent  Louis  Hoos,  Chi- 
cago. 
(D)  Biedert's  Ramogen.  (Claims  to  he  ^^ a  sterile  milk 
conserve  brought  to  the  highest  standard  of 
perfection.'^  Apparently  a  sweetened  butter. 
An  unbalanced  ration  for  infant  feeding;  fat 
and  sugar  too  high.  Claims  extravagant: 
^'Sas  gained  the  leadership  over  all  other  in- 
fants' foods  solely  on  its  merits.") 

Glaxo  Co.,  88  Gracechurch  Street,  London,  E.  C,  Eng- 
land. 

240 


CANNED   GOODS  241 

*  Glaxo.  (A  good,  dried,  whole  milk  containing  a 
proper  amount  of  fat.  Most  of  the  dried  milks 
examined  have  been  skimmed  milk  only.  An 
excellent  food  for  hahies  when  fresh  milk  can 
not  he  obtained.  Fancy  name  and  secrecy  as  to 
composition  objectionable.) 

Lapp  and  Co.,  Fribourg,  Switzerland. 

(N)  Swiss  Condensed  Milk.  {A  good  product  as  far 
as  fat  content  and  milk  solids  are  concerned,  but 
can  was  not  sanitary  and  contents  were  not  in 
perfect  condition.  Special  recommendations 
for  infant  feeding  objectionable  since  product 
contains  40  per  cent,  of  sugar.) 

Taroena  Food  Co.,  Honolulu,  Hawaii. 

(D)  Taroena.  **A  nature  made  food  for  infants,  in- 
valids, and  dyspeptics.'*  {Probably  a  true  taro 
starch  product,  good  in  itself  but  claims  made 
as  to  its  digestive  powers,  and  wonderful  value 
as  a  special  food  for  infants,  etc.,  are  untenable. 
Is  not  a  ^' nerve  and  brain  food*'  nor  does  it  con- 
tain *^a  greater  amount  of  nutrition  than  an/y 
other  food.'*) 


SOUPS,  EXTRACTS,  BOUILLON  CUBES,  ETC. 

Beale,  W.  C,  Fish  Co.,  Eastport,  Me. 

(N)  Bisque  of  Lobster.  (Product  not  well  adapted  to 
merchandizing  in  this  form.  Not  unwholesome 
hut  of  dubious  quality  and  safety.) 

*  Clam  Bouillon. 

*  Clams  in  Bouillon. 

*  Clam  Chowder.     (In  glass;  relative  amount  of  po- 

tato rather  large.) 

Beardsley*s  Sons,  J.  W.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Vegex  Bouillon  Cubes.  {A  yeast  product,  about 
the  same  value  as  meat  cubes.  Less  protein  than 
the  Vegex  paste  and  over  half  salt.  Not  nutri- 
tious hut  useful  for  flavoring  and  stimulative 
value.  Properly  labeled  but  booklet  still  carries 
misleading  statements  as  to  uses  and  value  es- 
pecially as  compared  with  meat  products.  In 
process  of  revision.) 

Burnham  and  Morrill,  Portland,  Me. 

*  Clam  Chowder. 

*  Clam  Juice. 

Campbell,  Joseph,  Co.,  Camden,  N.  J. 

*  Vermicelli  Tomato  Soup. 
Heinz,  H.  J.,  Co.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

*  Cream  of  Celery  Soup.     (While  starch  has  been 

added  as  a  thickener,  the  amount  of  fat  found 
(nearly  7  per  cent.)  indicates  addition  of  but- 
ter or  cream,  giving  right  to  name.  Flavor  ex- 
cellent.) 

*  Cream  of  Green  Peas  Soup. 

242 


VEGETABLES 

Burnham  and  Morrill,  Portland,  Me. 

(N)  Pork  and  beans.  {Too  little  pork  and  too  much 
moisture  for  baked  hearts — *^  Original  New  Eng- 
land Style'*  would  imply  baking.) 

*  Cranberry  sauce. 

(N)  Paris  Succotash.  {Made  with  green  corn  and 
dried  lima  beans.  So  labeled  but  paying  for 
the  canning  of  dried  beans  is  hardly  economic 
nor  is  the  quality  equal  to  the  canned  fresh 
product. 

(D)  Lima  Beans.  {Only  a  very  small  type  statement 
is  made  that  these  are  ^^ cooked  dried  lima  beans*' 
and  a  picture  of  green  beans  in  the  pod  is  on 
label.  Department  calls  for  the  label  *' Soaked 
dried  lima  beans"  as  the  dried  beans  themselves 
cere  a  distinct  product.) 

*  Paris  Sugar  Com.     {A  good  product  but  neither 

so  sweet  nor  so  tender  as  claims  would  lead  one 
to  expect.) 
Cape  Cod  Products  Co.,  North  Truro,  Mass. 

*  Cape  Cod  Small  Beets. 

Cape  Cod  Specialty  Co.,  North  Truro,  Mass. 

*  Cape  Cod  Tomatoes. 

243 


U4i  1001    TESTS 


Cresca  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  La  Rochambeau  Cresca  Peas.     (High  priced  and 

slightly  short  weight  hut  relative  amount  of 
liquid  was  very  low.    Excellent  quality.) 
Dry  Milk  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Cremora.  (About  5  per  cent,  of  the  fat  had  been 
removed — figures  do  not  even  indicate  a  whole 
milk  and  name  would  lead  one  to  believe  it  to  be 
cream.  Can  not  approve  although  statement  is 
made  on  the  label  that  the  product  contains  **all 
or  part  of  the  cream  according  to  grade  desired. ' ' 
Should  be  all  cream  to  warrant  name.) 

(N)  Diet  Milk.  (Again  a  portion  of  the  fat  has  been 
removed  leaving  a  product  not  correctly  pro- 
portioned for  infant  feeding — less  than  half  of 
the  fat  of  whole  milk  found.  Reflections  on 
cow's  milk  not  warranted.  Why  pay  50  cents 
a  pound  for  a  skimmed  milk  product  and  then 
''add  cream'*  as  suggested?  Not  perfectly  ster- 
ilized.) 

(N)  Kindolae.  (This  is  a  partially  skimmed  milk,  as 
is  declared  on  the  label.  The  protein  and  the 
fats  are  not  present  in  correct  proportion  and 
such  a  product  could  not  be  approved  for  in- 
fant feeding.) 
Emmart  Packing  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Emmart 's  Hominy    (Tin).     (A  pearled  hominy 

from  which  germ  and  bran  have  been  largely 
removed.    Protein  content  rather  low.    A  good 


CANNED    GOODS  245 

product  of  its  kind,  hui  not  economic  to 
buy  hominy  in  this  form  when  it  can  he  pur- 
chased in  dry  form  and  cooked  in  the  home 
kitchen.) 

*  Emmart's  Hominy  (Glass  Jar).     {Same  comment 

— even  more  expensive  in  glass  than  in  tin.) 
Heinz,  H.  J.,  Company,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

*  Kidney  Beans. 

*  Pork   and  Beans — ^without  tomato   sauce.    Oven 

baked,  Boston  style. 
Keen,  Robinson,  and  Co.,  London,  Eng. 

*  Robinson's  Patent  Barley.     {Sv^ar  partly  con- 

verted into  maltose;  excellent  in  the  sick  room 
and  for  infants  in  case  of  bowel  trouble,  but 
its  recommendation  for  the  nutrition  of  infants 
in  general  and  under  normal  conditions  is  de- 
cidedly questionable.) 
Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Mexican  Style  Chili  Con  Came  with  Beans. 
Marshall  Canning  Co.,  Marshalltown,  la. 

*  Milk  Hominy,  Dairy  Maid  Brand.     {Milk  diluted 

about  one-half  by  water  in  processing.) 
Snider,  T.  A.,  Preserve  Co.,  Cincinnati,  O. 

*  Pork  and  beans  with  tomato  sauce. 
Sprague  Warner  and  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Peas,  Richelieu  Brand.     {Slightly  slack  fill  but  ex- 

cellent quality.) 


VI.    CEEEALS  AND  CEEEAL  PRODUCTS 

BREAKFAST  FOODS 

Cerag  Co.,  Red  Bank,  N.  J. 

*  Cerag    Cereal.     {Declared    composition,    25    per 

cent,  agar  and  bran,  with  75  per  cent,  of  whole 
wheat  and  barley  malt  partly  dextrinized,  is 
substantially  confirmed.  Amount  of  agar  is 
rather  small,  and  only  a  small  part  of  the  starch 
is  dextrinized,  ^^ Permanent  relief  from  chronic 
constipation^'  could  not  be  guaranteed  in  all 
cases.  This  would  depend  on  the  cause,  but 
product  is  an  excellent  one  for  combating  or 
preventing  this  condition.) 

Dad's  Breakfast  Food  Co.,  Watertown,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Dad's  Breakfast  Food.  {About  20  per  cent, 
wheat  bran  and  80  per  cent.  corn.  A  good 
mixture  but  extravagant  claims  and  mysterious 
references  to  a  ^'product  of  wheat  of  great 
medicinal  value''  are  hardly  warranted. 
Neither  is  corn  as  good  a  **body  builder"  as 
whole  wheat.) 

Great  Valley  Mills,  Paoli,  Pa. 

*  Cracked  Oats.     {Slightly  short  weight  but  op- 

246 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  247 

proved  on  extra  quality;  high  in  protein, 
hulled.) 

*  Cracked  Wheat.     {Not  so  high  in  either  protein 

or  ash  as  a  first  class  hard  winter  wheat,  hut  a 
good  standard  product.) 
Malted  Cereals  Co.,  Burlington,  Vt. 

*  Malt  Breakfast  Food.    A  Compound  of  Wheat  and 

Malt.  {A  good  cracked  wheat  product  with  a 
small  amount  of  malt,  about  10  per  cent.  Not 
a  malted  cereal  hut  a  compound  as  suhlahel  in- 
dicates. Should  he  named  after  the  most  im- 
portant ingredient.  High  in  protein  and  a  good 
product  hut  technically  mishramded.) 

Purity  Oats  Co.,  Davenport,  la. 

"k  Purity  Rolled  Oats.  {Analysis  shows  an  average 
sample  of  hulled  oats.  No  hetter  than  other 
standard  hrands.) 

Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Quaker   Corn  Puffs.     {A   degerminated  decorti- 

cated corn  product.  Not  as  wholesome  as  whole 
corn  meal  and  high  priced  even  when  special 
process  is  considered — at  the  rate  of  ahout  $16 
a  hushel  for  corn  worth  80  cents.  Now  full 
weight — a  technical  improvement  only  as  less 
weight  is  claimed  than  formerly  at  the  same 
price.) 

Scott,  A.  and  R.,  Colinton,  Midlothian,  Scotland. 

(D)  Scott's  Porage   Oats.     {An   oatmeal  containing 


^48  1001    TESTS 


only  a  minimum  amount  of  protein  and  ash 
and  claiming  that  it  is  ''mare  delicious  and 
more  nourishing  than  any  kind  of  oatmeal  or 
rolled  oats/'  etc.) 


FLOURS,  MEALS,  AND  BRANS 

Ballard  and  Ballard  Co.,  Louisville,  Ky. 

*  Obelisk  Sanitary  Edible  Bran. 

*  Obelisk  Whole  Wheat  Graham  Flour. 
Economy  Food  Products  Co.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

*  Priscilla  Prepared  Doughnut  Flour.     {Doubt  the 

** economy''  of  such  mixtures  hut  general  com- 
position was  good.) 
Franklin  Mills  Co.,  Rockport,  N.  Y. 

*  Franklin  Pancake  Flour.     (One  of  the  hest  self 

rising  products.  A  good  straight  wheat  flour, 
not  a  mixture,  with  a  reasonable  amount  of  good 
cream  of  tartar,  soda  an^  salt  added.  Claims 
slightly  extreme — is  not  a  true  ^* whole  wheat,'' 
hut  is  a  commercial  ^^ entire  wheat"  with  only 
part  of  the  bran  removed.) 
Great  Valley  Mills,  Paoli,  Pa. 

*  Com  Meal,  White. 

*  Corn  Meal,  Yellow. 

{Whole  grains,  not  degerminated.  Over  4 
per  cent,  of  fat.) 
(N)  Graham  Flour.  {Not  a  true  graham  as  10  per 
cent,  of  the  bran  and  middlings  have  been  re- 
moved as  stated  in  the  circular.  A  true  graham 
contains  practically  all  the  bran  and  about  1.8 
of  mineral  ingredients.    This  flour  has  only  1 

249 


250  1001    TESTS 


per  cent.  A  good  product  intermediate  between 
a  patent  and  a  graham  hut  inaccurately  la- 
heled.) 

*  Rice,  Brown.     (1.18  of  mineral  ingredients,  show- 

ing that  the  rice  is  the  whole  grain,  unpolished.) 

*  Rye  Flour.     {A  true  rye  meal,  rather  than  a  flour.) 
"A  Whole  Wheat  Flour.     {A  true  whole  wheat  or  gra- 
ham; 1.5  per  cent,  of  mineral  ingredients  and 
12  per  cent,  of  protein.) 

Hecker  Cereal  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Hecker 's    Superlative    Self   Raising   Flour.     {A 

straight  wheat  flour  with  a  moderate  amount  of 
phosphate  baking  powder  and  a  little  salt  added. 
A  good  product  of  its  kind  with  unwarranted 
economy  claims.  About  one  cent  a  pound  pre- 
mium paid  for  the  convenience  of  having  the 
ingredients  mixed  ready  to  use.) 

Hills,  Wm.  S.,  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  White  Pujff  Flour.  (A  typical  cake  and  pastry 
flour,  containing  less  protein  and  less  gluten 
than  a  regular  bread  flour  and  therefore  giving 
less  nutrition  but  a  more  delicate  and  tender 
product.  Contains  a  small  amount  of  nitrites 
which  would  indicate  either  very  light  bleach- 
ing or  contamination  by  absorption  during  stor- 
age.) 

H.  O.  Company,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

*  Buckwheat  Pancake  Flour.     {One  of  the  typical 

self-rising  mixtures,  mostly  corn  meal  and  buck- 


CEREALS  AND  CEREAL  PRODUCTS  251 

wheat  with  a  small  amount  of  wheat  and  con- 
tains decidedly  more  taking  powder  than  home 
recipes  call  for — presumably  added  in  excess 
to  ensure  good  results  under  any  and  all  condi- 
tions. Note  that  buckwheat  and  corn  should  he 
cheaper  than  straight  wheat,  hut  such  is  not  the 
case — honestly  labeled  in  the  main  and  con- 
venient but  not  economical.) 
Kellogg  Food  Co.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

*  Sterilized  Wheat  Bran. 

Kellogg  Toasted  Corn  Flake  Co.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

*  Toasted  Bran  Flakes.     (An  excellent  bran  product 

hut  the  addition  of  about  5  per  cent,  of  sugar 
without  declaration  on  the  label  is  objection- 
able.) 
Koiner  Mills,  Richmond,  Va. 

*  Virginia  Com  Meal.     {A  true  whole  corn  meal,  not 

degerminated  and  of  excellent  quality.) 
Listman  Mill  Co.,  La  Crosse,  Wis. 

*  Marvel  Flour.     {A  very  good  patent  flour  show- 

ing however  traces  of  nitrites,  and  therefore 
is  not  *^ absolutely  pure.**    Extravagant  claims 
absurd — no  better  than  any  first  class  patent.) 
Pieser  Livingston  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Uncle  Jerry  Pancake  Flour.     (As  usual  in  self  ris- 

ing mixtures  the  amount  of  baking  powder 
added  is  more  than  would  be  necessary  in  home 
mixing.  This  product  has  the  special  virtue 
that  the  percentages  of  different  flours  present 


252  1001    TESTS 


are  accurately  declared  on  the  label.    Slightly 
short  weight  and  not  economic,  hut  convenient 
and  makes  a  good  pancake.) 
Pillsbury  Flour  Mills  Co.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

*  Pillsbury 's  Health  Bran.     {Claims  somewhat  ex- 

treme, hut  a  good  hran  product  for  combating 
constipation.) 
Washburn-Crosby  Company,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

*  Wheat-a-Laxa.     {One    of    the    very    best    whole 

wheats  examined — has  14  per  cent,  of  protein 
and  1.88  of  ash,  conforming  to  theoretical  data 
for  a  fine  quality  hard  wheat,  ground  whole.) 


SPAGHETTI  AND  MACARONI 

Skinner  Manufacturing  Co.,  Omaha,  Neb. 

*  Alphabetos.     (See  Macaroni.) 

*  Egg  Noodles.     (These  are  true  egg  noodles,  un- 

colored.) 
"k  Macaroni.  {A  very  good  product  containing  about 
13  per  cent,  of  protein  and  0.7  per  cent,  of  min- 
eral ingredients.  Not  ^'the  hest"  as  claimed 
and  not  the  whole  wheat,  hut  nearly  half  of  the 
hran  is  retained,) 

*  Spaghetti.     (See  Macaroni.) 

Uncle  Sam*s  Macaroni  Co.,  Tecumseh,  Mich. 

*  Spaghetti. 


253 


VII.    CONDIMENTS 

Anderson,  J.  H.,  and  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

*  Anderco  Onion  Sauce.     {Color  deepened  hy  burnt 

sugar  (caramel),  harmless  hut  may  give  a  de- 
ceptive idea  as  to  strength.) 

*  Worcestershire    Sauce,    Anderco    Brand.     {Some 

question  as  whether  the  name  and  style  of  latel 
might  mislead  as  to  origin  and  identity  of  prod- 
uct, hut  is  of  the  Worcestershire  type,  and 
technically  is  correctly  laheled.) 

Crosse  and  Blackwell,  London,  Eng. 

(N)  Anchovy  Sauce.  {Colored  apparently  with  iron 
oxid;  claims  extreme.) 

*  Bengal  Club  Chutney. 

(D)  Genuine  China  Soy.  {Nitrogen  too  low  and 
sugars  too  high  for  a  true  soy  hean  product;  had 
the  appearance  of  molasses.) 

(N)  Mushroom  Sauce.  {No  distinctive  flavor;  harm- 
less hut  of  duhious  quality  and  authenticity. 
Should  contain  enough  mushroom  to  give  it  char- 
acter.) 

(N)  Walnut  Catsup.  {No  distinctive  fiaA)or — mediocre 
quality.) 

254 


CONDIMENTS  255 

Heinz,  H.  J.,  Co.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

*  India  Relish.     (Objection  to  name  as  product  is 

not  from  India  and  is  not  especially  typical  of 
Indian  products  except  that  it  contains  a  small 
amoimt  of  curry.) 

*  Prepared  Mustard. 

Leggett,  Francis  H.,  and  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Premier  Salad  Dressing.     (A  good  product  con- 

taining egg  and  over  50  per  cent,  of  oil,  which 
however  is  entirely  or  partly  cottonseed  oil  and 
should  he  declared  as  such  on  the  label.) 

Lester,  Francis  E.,  Co.,  Mesilla  Park,  N.  M. 

(N)  Mexican  Ground  Chili.  {Extravagant  digestional 
claims  and  unwarranted  reflections  on  the  injuri- 
ousness  of  other  spices.  Contained  only  about 
half  the  non-volatile  ether  extract,  found  in 
these  products  usually.  Either  naturally  in- 
ferior, or  only  a  part  of  the  chillies  was 
ground.) 

Morton  Salt  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Morton's  Free  Running  Salt.     (A  salt  to  which  a 

^^ drier"  has  been  added  in  the  form  of  1  per 
cent,  of  calcium  phosphate  {declared  on  the  la- 
hel),  to  prevent  ^'caking.*') 

National  Onion  Salt  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Nosco  Celery  Seasoning.     {Impregnating  the  salt 

(48  per  cent,  of  product)  with  the  celery  oil 


^6  1001    TESTS 


adds  materially  to  the  cost  of  the  product  hut 
even  considerii/ig  this  over  $2  a  pound  for  a  salt 
seems  high.) 
Nosco  Garlic  Seasoning.  (A  rather  expensive  con- 
venience at  15  cents  for  1.8  ounces  when  salt  is 
15  cents  for  16  ounces  and  this  is  merely  87 
per  cent,  salt  impregnated  with  garlic.) 


Vm.    DESSERTS 

Allredie  Pure  Food  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Allredie  Brand  Plum  Pudding.  (Merely  a  mix- 
ture of  ground  cereals,  whole  raisins  and  spices 
— not  a  prepared  plum  pudding.) 

Burrell  Products  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

(N)  Ready  Mixt  Custard  Pudding.  (Product  appears 
to  be  about  three-fourths  starchy  sugar,  and  a  lit- 
tle glucose.  Only  a  minute  amount  of  fat  pres- 
ent but  analysis  would  indicate  that  some  egg 
albumen  and  dried  milk  preparations  were  used 
to  substantiate  at  least  technically  the  right  to 
the  nmne  *^ custard/ ^  Harmless  and  conven- 
ient, but  not  either  of  high  quality  nor  economic 
considering  the  food  value  as  compared  with  the 
home  made  mixture.) 
(N)  Ready  Mixt  Icing  and  Filling.  (About  90  per 
cent,  of  sugar  and  4  per  cent,  of  glucose  and  a 
very  smMl  amount  of  egg.  A  good  product  of 
its  hind  but  not  cheap  even  at  10  cents  for  6 
ounces.  Convenient  and  harmless  but  not  eco- 
nomic nor  a  ''food  of  the  highest  quality^*  as 
claimed.) 

Beale,  W.  C,  Fish  Co.,  Eastport,  Me. 
*  English  Plum  Pudding. 
267 


258  1001    TESTS 


Cream  Whip  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

(N)  Cream  Whip.  {Essentially  a  viscogen  product 
{calcium  sucrate  or  lactate)  the  use  of  which 
enables  a  thin  cream  (14%)  to  masquerade  as  a 
superior  product,  a  heavy  cream  containing 
about  30  per  cent,  of  fat  being  desirable  for 
whipping  ordinarily.  Not  harmful,  and  might 
he  used  by  the  housewife  in  emergencies,  but  not 
to  be  recommended  for  general  use  as  it  lends 
itself  too  readily  to  fraudulent  purposes  to  be 
approved.) 

Curtis,  Emma  E.,  Melrose,  Mass. 

(N)  Snowflake  Marshmallow  Creme.  {Glucose,  gum, 
and  sugar,  essentially.  Not  a  ^^creme^'  in  any 
true  sense  of  the  word  but  is  of  characteristic 
marshmallow  composition.  Not  an  ^^ acceptable 
substitute  for  cream,''  even  when  thinned  with 
milk  as  suggested,  either  as  to  nutritive  value 
or  deliciousness.  Harmless  but  not  of  star  qual- 
ity.) 

Fruit  Puddine  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

(D)  Puddine — Almond.  {No  flavor  distinguishable — 
no  weight  declared.  Cost  double  the  price  of 
plain  cornstarch.) 

(N)  Puddine,  Chocolate  flavored.  {Hardly  ^^choco- 
late"— rather  cocoa  and  very  little  of  that.) 

(D)  Puddine,  Cream  Vanilla  Flavored.  {Notice  of 
Judgment  3329  condemned  this  product  on  the 


DESSERTS  ^59 

ground  that  artificial  flavor  was  used  while  term 
''fruit  flavored' '  indicated  genuine  flavors.) 
(D)  Puddine — Lemon  Flavored.  {A  minute  amount 
of  coal  tar  dye,  prohdbly  one  of  the  permitted 
colors  {Naphthol  Yellow  8).  Flavor  could  not 
he  identifled;  not  probable  that  it  is  a  true  fruit 
floAjor.) 

(D)  Puddine — Orange.     {A  small  amount  of  coal  tar 
dye,  probably  a  permitted  color  {Naphthol  YeU 
"^         low  S.).    Flavor  not  at  all  distinctive;  not  prob- 
able that  it  is  a  true  " fruit' '  flavor,  though 
harmless.) 
(D)  Puddine — Rex  Vanilla.     {These  products  are  all 
harmless  but  consist  of  cornstarch  with  a  little 
rather    indifferent    flavoring    material.    Price 
high  at  9  cents  for  6  ounces  considering  quality. 
Why  not  buy  cornstarch  straight  at  10  cents  for 
16  ounces  and  add  your  own  good  flavoring 'i) 
Hamilton,  S.  C,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 

(N)  Creme  Fouette.  {The  usual  preparation  of  su- 
crate  of  lime,  to  assist  in  the  whipping  of  thin 
cream  or  rich  milk,  thus  enabling  it  to  masquer- 
ade as  a  richer  product.  Not  injurious  but  lends 
itself  to  fraud  and  might  do  injury  by  making 
it  possible  to  keep  whipped  cream  for  too  long 
periods  without  proper  refrigeration.) 
Hoenshel  and  Emery,  Lincoln,  Nebraska. 

*  Old  English  Plum  Pudding.     {Name  slightly  ob- 


geo  1001    TESTS 


jectionahUf  and  no  net  weight  declared  on  the 
package  as  is  now  required.    Good  quality.) 
Hills  Bros.  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Dromedary  Coeoanut.     {About  one-third  sugar — 

both  glycerin  and  sugar  declared  on  label.) 
Knox,  Chas.  B.,  Co.,  Montreal,  Canada,  and  Johnstown, 
New  York. 
ic  Acidulated  Gelatine.     (Citric  acid  is  offered  in  a 
separate  package — not  mixed  with  the  gelatine 
which  is  of  good  quality  except  for  the  small 
amount  of  sulphur  dioxid  present,  found  in 
nearly  all  gelatines.    We  are  not  in  favor  of 
substituting  citric  acid  for  fresh  lemon  juice. 
Citric  acid  is  less  wholesome  and  the  housekeeper 
should  use  fresh  lemon  juice.) 
"A"  Plain  Sparkling  Gelatine. 
"Lady  Betty,"  Brookline,  Mass. 

*  Lady  Betty  Mince  Meat. 
Parmelee  Manufacturing  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

(N)  Eg-Save.  {Accurately  labeled  as  containing 
starch,  casein,  egg  albumen,  carbonate  of  soda 
and  a  vegetable  dye — but  can  ''save  eggs''  only 
at  the  sacrifice  of  nutrition  and  quality  and 
could  not  be  considered  a  ''star"  product  in  any 
sense.  Obviously  colored  to  conceal  inferiority 
and  simulate  egg  yolk  which  is  not  present.) 
Raffeto,  G.  B.,  New  York  City. 

*  French  Marrons.     {About  8  per  cent,  of  glucose 

in  syrup,  presence  declared  on  label.) 


DESSERTS  261 


Smith,  B.  D.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

(N)  Shure-Whip.  {Essentially  sucrate  of  lime. 
Harmless  but  easily  adapted  to  the  perpetration 
of  fraud  if  used  in  hotels,  etc.,  for  thickening 
thin  milk  or  poor  cream  for  sale.  Might  he  per- 
missible for  occasional  use  by  the  housewife  in 
an  emergency  only.) 

Three  Miller's  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Three  Millers  Marshmallow.  {About  65  per  cent, 
glucose,  with  22  per  cent,  of  sugar  and  a  little 
egg  albumen.  A  legitimate  ** marshmallow' ' 
mixture  but  when  offered  to  take  the  place  of 
whipped  cream,  and  as  a  '^ nutritious'*  food 
product,  can  not  be  approved.  Was  also  short 
weight.    Price  high  considering  composition.) 

White  Stokes  Co.,  Inc.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Mallo  Icing  and  Topping.  {Sugar,  glucose 
{about  58  per  cent.),  a  little  egg  albumen,  starch 
and  vanilla.  Harmless,  but  statement  that  it 
*' effects  a  great  saving  in  eggs  and  cream  while 
producing  more  satisfactory  results''  is  not  cor- 
rect. "Food  values  are  not  sacrificed"  is  an- 
other misleading  statement,) 


IX.    EXTRACTS 

American  Products  Co.,  Cincinnati,  O. 

Zanol  Flavoring  Extracts. 

(N)  Cloves. 

(N)  Peppermint. 

(N)  Lemon. 

(N)  Celery. 

(N)  Nutmeg. 

(N)  Almond. 

{Typical  solid  extracts  consisting  of  a  glyc- 
erin, gum,  and  sugar  hose  impregnated  hy  the 
flavoring  materials.  Such  flavors  as  lemon  and 
vamlla  do  not  lend  themselves  so  well  to  this 
form;  authenticity  of  almond  and  lemon  flavors 
was  doubtful — probably  reenforced.  Slur  upon 
alcoholic  extracts  entirely  unwarranted  and 
misleading  to  buyer.  Products  are  harmless.) 
Carey  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

*  Vanilla  Bouquet.     {A  standard  vanilla  extract. 
Practically  impossible  to  verify  claim  that  it  is 
made  from  the  Mexican  vanilla  bean.) 
Heller,  B.,  and  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Vanheller.  {Merely  an  imitation  vanilla  extract 
and  should  be  so  labeled  in^stead  of  carrying  a 
fancy  name  suggestive  of  vanilla.    The  sublabel 

262 


DESSERTS  263 


honestly  declares  the  product  to  he  a  ^* synthetic 
flavoring  comhining  vanillin  and  coumarin  with 
caramel  color/'    Harmless  and  sold  for  about 
one-third  the  price  of  true  vanilla.) 
Sauer,  C.  F.,  and  Co.,  Eichmond,  Va. 

*  Lemon  Extract,  F.  F.  V.  Brand.     (About  twice 

the  minimum  strength  called  for  by  the  stand- 
ard, hut  slightly  short  weight.) 

*  Orange  Extract,  F.  F.  V.  Brand.     (Same  com- 

ment.) 

*  Vanilla,  F.  F.  V.  Brand.     (An  authentic  vanilla 

extract  hut  the  presence  of  even  a  harmless  col- 
oring like  caramel  gives  a  false  idea  of  strength 
hy  deepening  color  and  should  be  declared  on  the 
label,  whether  added  as  such  or  produced  during 
the  process  of  manufacture.) 

*  Sauer 's  Pure  Concentrated  Extract  Vanilla. 

*  Raspberry  Flavor.     (Same  comment  as  on  the 

strawberry.) 

*  Strawberry    Extract,    F.    F.    V.    Brand.     (Full 

weight  and  greatly  improved  as  compared  with 
previous   synthetic   flavors.    Practically   made 
from  the  natural  fruits  though  probably  r e'en- 
forced.) 
Sherer-Gillett  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  High  Grade  Extract  Almond. 

*  High  Grade  Lemon  Extract. 

*  High  Grade  Extract  of  Orange. 

*  High  Grade  Extract  Vanilla. 


X.    FISH  (CANNED,  DEIED,  ETC.) 

Beale,  W.  C,  Fish  Co.,  Eastport,  Me. 

*  Boned  Cod  Steaks. 

*  Fleecy  Codfish. 

*  Boned  Herring. 
■A  Lninch  Herring. 

*  Finnan  Haddie.     (Not  the  true  imported  Scotch 

product — strictly  speaking  should  be  labeled 
^'Finnan  Haddie"  type  or  style.) 
(N)  Jellied  Lobster.  {Bather  finely  shredded  lobster 
in  liquid — gelatine  present  but  did  not  solidify 
after  being  on  ice  several  days.  Not  unwhole- 
some but  lacking  in  quality  and  was  not  '*  jel- 
lied.") 
Beziers,  Rene,  Douarnenez,  Brittany,  France. 

*  Yacht  Club  Sardines,  Plain.     {Weight  satisfactory 

— best  product  of  the  three;  manipulation  may 
affect  flaA}or  somewhat.) 
"A  Yacht  Club  Sardines — without  bones.     {Not  a  very 
distinctive  flavor  and  fish  rather  large.    Slightly 
short  weight.    ^* Delicate  flavor"  claimed.) 

*  Yacht    Club    Sardines — without   bones    or   skin. 

{Net  weight  should  be  given.) 
Borgen,  C,  Packing  Co.,  Stavanger,  Norway. 

(D)  Carnival  Sardines.     {Tin  corroded  and  twice  the 
264 


FISH     (CANNED,     DRIED,    ETC.)      ^65 

amoVrTit  of  dissolved  tin  found  that  is  permitted 
hy  regulation.  Not  true  sardines — hut  labeling 
^^ Norwegian  sardines'^  is  permitted  ly  ruling.) 
(N)  Sardines  in  pure  olive  oil.  {Not  properly  labeled 
— these  are  not  true  sardines  {pilchards)  and 
even  the  lax  regulation  requires  labeling  *^Nor- 
way  Sardines.' '  These  are  really  sprats  or  her- 
ring. Good  products  but  misleading  labeling.) 
Bumham  and  Morrill  Co.,  Portland,  Me. 

*  Clams.     {Slack  fill — drained  weight  of  clam  meat 

not  as  much  as  it  should  have  been  but  quality 
was  good  and  as  the  standard  net  weight  con- 
tents of  these  packages  was  under  discussion  at 
the  time  product  could  not  be  condemned  on  one 
or  two  samples.) 

*  Maehias  Bay  Lobster. 

Cape  Cod  Products  Co.,  North  Truro,  Mass. 

*  Cape  Cod  Butter  Pish. 

Corby  Commission  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Clover  Leaf  Salmon.     {Manufacturer's  or  packer's 

Tiame  should  be  given.  Commission  products  of 
this  kind  may  vary  in  quality  and  origin  from 
time  to  time.) 

Crosse  and  Blackwell,  London,  Eng. 

*  Kippered  Herring. 

*  Yarmouth  Bloaters — ^Mild  Cured. 
Jones'  Sons,  Alfred,  Bangor,  Maine. 

*  Finnan  Haddie. 


^66  1001    TESTS 


Los  Angeles  Canning  Co.,  Long  Beach,  Calif. 

*  Tuna,  Panama  Brand. 
Tokstad,  R.,  Stavanger,  Norway. 

*  Normanna  Kippered  Herring. 

*  Normanna  Young  Mackerel. 

"A  Normanna  Brand,  Norwegian  Sardines.  {Not  the 
true  sardine  or  *' pilchard' '  hut  this  labeling  is 
officially  permitted,  Should  he  labeled  *^ sprat*' 
or  **herring'*  as  the  case  may  he.) 
(N)  Normanna  Sardines  in  Tomato  Sauce.  {Tin  con- 
tent  too  high,  ju^t  within  legal  limits  (300  parts 
per  million).  No  true  sardines  are  found  in 
Norway  but  this  form  of  labeling  is  permitted 
by  Federal  regulation.) 


XII.    HOUSEHOLD  REMEDIES  AND 
DISINFECTANTS 

Bolton  Chemical  Corp.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Listogen  Antiseptic.  (A  good  antiseptic  mixture 
of  TJ,  8.  P.  peroxid  of  hydrogen,  with  certain 
essential  oils — remedial  claims  however  greatly 
exaggerated  and  acetanilid,  is  present,  not  per- 
mitted in  Pharmacopoeial  peroxid.  To  claim 
'* Successful  treatment  of  asthma,' *  etc.,  hy  in- 
halation of  any  antiseptic,  however  good,  har- 
der s  on  the  patent  medicine  field.) 

Bunte  Brothers,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Cough  Drops.  (A  strongly  mentholated  candy — 
slight  flavor  of  hoarhound.  No  extravagant 
claims — merely  to  **give  relief  and  comfort," 
and  *^stop  a  tickle.'^  Remember  that  a  *^  relief 
does  not  remx)ve  the  cause.  The  only  danger  in 
these  products  is  the  false  sense  of  security  that 
they  may  give.) 

Certone  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(D)  Certone  Tablets.  {Said  to  he  the  ''greatest  dis- 
covery in  the  world  to  make  flesh,  give  strength, 
and  build  up  your  system  to  lasting  good  con- 
dition.'' Quite  a  large  amount  of  iron  and  lime 
found  with  small  amounts  of  salt,  sodium  sul- 
267 


268  1001    TESTS 


phate,  carbonates  and  silica,  phosphates  and 
sugars.  Claims  are  perfectly  absurd,  though 
iron  has  tonic  value  in  some  conditions  and  lime 
and  phosphoric  acid  enter  into  the  building  of 
certain  tissues.  Milk,  eggs,  whole  cereals,  nuts, 
and  the  like  would  be  much  more  apt  to  ^'make 
ffesh,^*  and  the  ingredients  represent  no  *'new 
discovery/*  A  typical  patent  medicine  propa- 
ganda.) 

Cheseborough  Manufacturing  Co.,  New  York  City. 
(N)  Camphorated  Vaseline.  {A  good  product  contain- 
ing camphor  but  statement  on  label  that  it  is 
'^an  efficient  remedy  for  rheumatism,  gout,  neu- 
ralgia, catarrh,  etc.,  can  not  be  tolerated.) 
*  Oxide  of  Zinc  Ointment,  Benzoinated.  {True  to 
percentage  composition  as  declared  but 
amount  of  benzoin  is  hardly  sufficient  to  warrant 
its  presence  on  the  label.  While  claims  are 
slightly  broad  it  is  true  that  such  an  oint- 
ment is  recognized  as  generally  useful  in  the 
treatment  of  wounds,  sores,  etc.) 
"A"  Vaseline  Analgic.  {A  medicated  vaseline  as  de- 
scribed on  label.  Claims  somewhat  elaborate 
— of  course  is  only  palliative  and  for  temporary 
relief  in  cases  of  rheumatism,  etc.) 

Cinnakol  Chemical,  Sales  Co.,  Bayonne,  N.  J. 

(N)  Cinnakol  Disinfectant.  (A  good  product  but 
claims  as  to  efficiency  and  absolute  harmless- 
ness  am  not  be  guaranteed.    While  not  ac- 


HOUSEHOLD    REMEDIES  269 

tually  carbolic  it  is  a  mixture  of  phenolic  com- 
pounds closely  allied  to  carbolic.  Was  not 
found  to  be  7  times  as  efficient  as  carbolic  as 
claimed.) 

Daggett  and  Ramsdell,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Headache  Cologne.  {Merely  a  mentholated  co- 
logne— short  measure.  Could  give  only  very 
superficial  relief  due  to  coolness  produced  by 
menthol  and  evaporation  of  alcohol.  Claims  not 
extreme  but  slightly  misleading  even  so.) 

De  Free  Chemical  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  San  Tox  Boro-Thymol.     (A  good  antiseptic  prep- 

aration refreshingly  free  from  false  and  extrava- 
gant claims.  Only  criticism  is  that  amount  of 
alcohol  was,  according  to  our  determination, 
overstated  on  the  label  by  2  per  cent.) 

*  San  Tox  Carbolized  Witch  Hazel  Salve.     (A  good 

antiseptic  salve  definitely  and  conservatively  la- 
beled, with  the  exception  that  '^ witch  hazeV  is 
not  an  important  ingredient  and  can  not  be 
identified  in  the  presence  of  the  camphor  and 
carbolic.  Unfortunate  that  it  has  so  prominent 
a  place  in' the  name  of  the  product.) 
Foley  and  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(D)  Citrolax.  {A  laxative  consisting  essentially  of 
baking  soda,  magnesium  citrate  and  a  little 
phenolphthalem;  ''a  nascent  double  salt  of  citro- 
tartrate  of  sodium  and  potassium/^  claimed. 
Recommended  for  headache,  indigestion,   bad 


270  1001    TESTS 


hlood,  biliousness,  etc.  The  promiscuous  and 
continued  use  of  cathartics  is  most  threatening 
and  objectionable — not  necessarily  even  a  relief 
for  troubles  mentioned — this  depends  on  the 
cause.) 

Gauss,  C.  E.,  Marshall,  Mich. 

(D)  Gauss  Catarrh  Elixir  and  Catarrh  Balm.  {The 
elixir  is  an  alcoholic  solution  of  cathartics 
and  vegetable  drugs  of  little  or  no  therapeutic 
value  offered  as  a  '^ blood  purifier.''  The  balm 
is  a  vaseline  ointment  containing  such  well 
known  antiseptics  as  menthol,  thymol,  eucalyp- 
tol,  etc.  Claims  made  as  a  catarrh  cure  abso- 
lutely unwarranted.) 

General  Purification  Co.,  Madison,  Wis. 

(D)  B.  K.  Germicide.  {Contains  hypochlorites  as 
claimed,  hut  tests  show  an  efficiency  varying 
from  10  to  4:  (10  claimed),  and  almost  no  ef- 
ficiency in  the  presence  of  organic  matter  which 
would  unfit  it  for  outhouses,  etc.,  for  which  it 
is  especially  recommended.  Is  unstable  rather 
than  ^* fixed  and  stable*'  as  claimed.  Medicinal 
claims  also  objectionable.) 

International  Laboratories,  Binghamton,  New  York. 
(D)  Parmint.  {The  only  ingredients  identified  in  this 
mixture  were  alcohol,  chloroform,  and  small 
amounts  of  sugars,  menthol,  and  some  oil  re- 
sembling eucalyptol.  This  product  is  advertised 
with  patent  medicine  claims  as*^a  standard  rem- 


HOUSEHOLD    REMEDIES  ^71 

edy  for  catarrh' '  'Hn  England  and  France! '* 
Deafness,  asthma,  and  bronchitis  are  '^all  treated 
hy  purifying  and  enriching  the  blood  by  this 
remedy/'  Chloroform  and  alcohol,  would  be 
largely  if  not  entirely  responsible  for  any  tem- 
porary effects  produced.) 

Kent,  Chester,  and  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

(D)  Vinol.  {Called  ''a  real  cod  liver  oU  preparation 
far  superior  to  the  old  fashioned  cod  liver  oil,'* 
bid  depends  chiefly  upon  *^  medicinal  extractives 
of  cod  livers,"  18  per  cent,  of  alcohol  and  a 
small  amount  of  iron  for  its  effects.  Is  not  ef- 
ficacious as  a  ^^strengthening  tonic"  as  the  ex- 
cluded oil  is  the  most  important  part  of  such 
preparations.  Feeding  experiments  showed  cod 
liver  oil  to  have  a  marked  superiority  as  a  source 
of  nutriment  over  Vinol  and  similar  prepara- 
tions. Note  that  it  contains  twice  as  much  al- 
cohol as  a  good  wine.  Claims  made  for  this 
preparation  might  lead  to  its  disastrous  use  by 
invalids,  etc.,  depending  upon  it  for  nutrition.) 

(N)  Saxo  Salve.  {An  antiseptic  soothing  salve  con- 
taining free  sulphur,  phenol  and  zinc  oxid. 
These  are  recognized  palliatives  but  the  claim 
that  this  preparation  is  ''a  scientific  remedy 
for  skin  diseases"  can  not  be  approved.  Ec- 
zema must  be  treated  according  to  its  form,  stage 
of  development,  etc.) 


272  1001    TESTS 


Oil  Products  Co.,  Inc.,  New  York  City. 

(D)  Usoline  Oil.  {One  of  the  many  mineral  oils  sold 
under  a  fancy  name  for  me  in  constipation. 
This  one  however  did  not  comply  with  the  sul- 
phuric acid  test  and  so  is  not  deemed  suitable 
for  internal  use;  moreover  in  connection  with 
unsatisfactory  composition  extravagant  claims 
are  made  as  to  superior  quality  *^The  only  per- 
fect product  of  this  line,'*  **Oils  of  the  commer- 
cial quality  are  not  suitable  far  internal  use,*' 
etc.) 

Piatt,  Henry  B.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Piatt's  Chlorides.  {Revised  label  improved 
claims,  but  product  has  but  little  value  as  a 
germicide  and  practically  none  in  the  presence 
of  organic  matter.  Hence  recommended  uses 
for  garbage  cans,  in  epidemics,  typhoid,  etc.,  can 
not  be  approved.  Inert  material,  including  84 
per  cent,  of  water  declared  on  label.) 

Proph5rtol  Products  Co.,  Richmond,  Va. 

(N)  Prophytol  Antiseptic  Solution.  {Essentially  a 
formMdehyde  preparation  with  essential  oils, 
37  per  cent,  of  alcohol  an  important  item.  La- 
bel and  claims  much  improved  but  still  too 
strong  for  unqualified  approval.  Irritating  ef- 
fect of  formaldehyde  not  removed  but  only 
masked  by  essential  oils.  Thymol,  boric  acid, 
and  potassium  chlorate  also  said  to  be  present 
in  very  small  amounts.) 


HOUSEHOLD   REMEDIES  £73 

Sasso,  P.,  and  Figli,  Oneglia,  Italy. 

(D)  Sasso *s  Medicinal  Olive  Oil.  {A  good  olive  oil 
with  much  exaggerated  medicinal  claims.  A 
very  small  amount  of  iodin  added  apparently  to 
compete  with  cod  liver  oil.  Diseases  '* pecul- 
iarly cured"  by  this  oil  and  for  which  it  is 
'^highly  recommended"  include  diahetes,  ec- 
zema, paralysis,  heart  disease,  epilepsy,  etc.) 
(N)  Sasso 's  Emulsion.  {An  emulsion  of  about  one, 
fourth  olive  oil  with  glycerin  and  very  small 
amounts  of  glycerophosphates  of  lime,  of  du- 
bious tonic  value.  Not  harmful  but  can  not 
approve  its  prescription  for  teething  infants, 
scrofula,  pulmonary  troubles,  etc.  Think 
straight  olive  oil  100  per  cent,  and  no  free 
glycerin  would  be  more  helpful.  Also  decidedly 
short  weight.) 

Standard  Oil  Co.,  Bayonne,  N.  J. 

*  Nujol.  (A  very  good  quality  of  liquid  petrola- 
tum purified  to  fit  it  for  use  as  an  internal  lubri- 
cant; useful  in  treatment  of  constipation  as 
stated.  Not  absorbed  by  the  body  at  all — effect 
purely  mechanical.  Slightly  short  weight  and 
price  is  high.  Approved  on  purity,  usefulness, 
and  moderate  claims.) 


XTTT.    LAED,  CHEESES,  BUTTEE,  AND 
THEIE  SUBSTITUTES 

Berlin  Mills  Co.,  Portland,  Me. 

*  Kream  Krisp.     {Hydrogenized  cottomeed  oil.    A 

good  cooking  fat,  hut  does  not  take  the  place  of 
butter  from  a  nutritive  point  of  view.    Economy 
claims  rather  exaggerated.) 
Crosse  and  Blackwell,  London,  England. 

*  Grated  Parmesan  Cheese.     {True  to  type  being 

made  of  skim  milk  as  stated,  containing  only  19 
per  cent,  of  fat  as  compared  with  34  per  cent, 
in  full  cream  cheese.  Is  an  Italian  cheese  and 
if  made  in  England  should  be  so  labeled  or 
marked  ** Parmesan  Type.") 
Downey,  Jas.  T.,  and  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Oleomargarine — ^Downey's  Delight.  {A  good  oleo 
— objections  are  solely  to  its  short  weight,  claim 
of  **rich  and  delicious,"  and  the  fact  that  color- 
ing matter  is  sold  with  it.  The  latter  practice  is 
illegal  in  some  states  and  enables  hotel  keepers, 
etc.,  to  sell  oleo  as  butter.  The  color  itself  is 
harmless,  and  the  product  a  wholesome  one.) 

(N)  Oleomargarine — Sweet  Marie.  {A  little  richer  in 
Gutter  fat  than  the  ** Downey's  Delight."  Same 
criticisms  obtain.) 

274 


LARD,    CHEESE,    BUTTER  275 

Kraft,  J.  L.,  and  Bros.  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Elkhorn  Cream  Cheese.     {Slightly  short  weight.) 
(N)  Elkhorn  Tasty  Cheese.     {Slightly  short  weight 

and  high  priced.  Not  especially  rich  and  not 
economical,  as  claimed — selling  at  about  50  cents 
a  pound.) 
(N)  Elkhorn  Pimento  Cheese.  {A  fair  product  hut 
over  half  water  and  sold  at  the  rate  of  50  cents 
a  pound.  Less  fat  and  more  water  than  other 
approved  products.) 
Monroe  Cheese  Co.,  Monroe,  N.  Y. 

*  Liederkranz  Cheese. 
Moxley,  Wm.  J.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Moxley 's  Gold  Seal  Oleomargarine.  {A  good  oleo 
containing  considerable  butter.  Sale  of  color 
with  the  package  is  deemed  an  evasion  of  the  law 
and  would  make  possible  its  sale  a^  butter  in 
lunch  rooms,  etc.) 

(N)  Moxley 's  Special  Oleomargarine.  {A  good  oleo 
which  is  a  cheap,  nutritious  butter  substitute 
when  honestly  sold.  Not  *'an  ideal  table  deli- 
cacy'^ at  all  and  sale  of  color  with  the  product 
is  deemed  an  evasion  of  the  law  which  would 
permit  the  sale  of  oleo  as  butter  in  hotels,  etc.) 
Saute  Products  Corporation,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Sawtay.     {A  cooking  fat  made  essentially  from 

cocoanut  oil,  which  is  much  esteemed  as  an  edible 
fat.  The  claims  made  however  that  it  produces 
more  palatable  and  more  digestible  products 


^6  1001    TESTS 


than  butter,  lard  and  cottonseed  oil,  are  not  SUS' 
ceptihle  of  convincing  proof  and  should  he  dis- 
counted.) 
Tokstad,  R.,  Stavanger,  Norway. 

(N)  Normanna  Zig  Zag  Cheese.  {A  wholesome,  tasty 
cheese  well  put  up  in  4  individual  portioThs  in  a 
tin.  Not  in  my  opinion  proper  to  call  this 
product  even  ^'Camemhert  styW — a  Norwegian 
product  only  remotely  resembling  true  French 
Camembert.) 


XIV.    MEATS  (CANNED,  DEIED,  ETC.) 

Armour  and  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Star  Slab  Bacon. 

*  Star  Sliced  Bacon. 

*  Star  Ham. 

Beech-Nut  Packing  Co.,  Canajoharie,  N.  Y. 

:k  Beech-Nut  Ham.  (Short  weight  largely  accounted 
for  by  low  moisture  content — dried  out  after 
wrapping.  No  net  weight  statement  now  re- 
quired on  hams.) 

Chinese  American  Food  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Mushroom  Chop  Suey.     (Only  a  small  amount  of 

chicken  with  beef,  mushrooms,  etc.    No  special 
objection  to  prodvx^t  which  does  not  however 
seem  well  adapted  to  canning.) 
Deerfoot  Farm,  Southborough,  Mass. 

*  Deerfoot  Farm  Sausage. 
Frank,  L.,  and  Sons,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

*  Braunschweiger     Style    Liver    Sausage.     {Name 

slightly  objectionable — no  way  of  determining 
how  closely  it  complies  with  foreign  product. 
If  "made  as  only  Frank  knows  how"  they  can 
not  be  made  according  to  foreign  recipes.  Fresh 
meats  of  this  type  marketed  at  long  distances 
call  for  most  careful  handling  to  preclude  dan- 
277 


278  1001    TESTS 


gerous  decomposition.    Products  are  acceptable 
as  to  flavor  and  composition.) 

*  Braunschweiger  Style  Meat  Wurst.     (Same  com- 

ment.) 

*  Frankforts.     (Small  sausages  of  cured  meats;  are 

relatively  much  safer.) 

(N)  French  Meat  Cheese.  (Same  comment,  this  prod- 
uct not  even  marked  *'type*'  or  '* style.") 

(N)  Kaiser  Jagd  Wurst.  (Same  comment  as  on  other 
samples — put  up  in  large  case  and  slightly  de- 
composed where  cut.) 

*  Quality  Frankforts. 

*  Tongue  Luncheon.     (Calls  for  careful  handling.) 
(N)  Vienna  Braided  Sausage.     (Same  comment — not 

even  marked  ''style"  or  ''type.") 
Holly,  C.  B.,  and  Co.,  Holliston,  Mass. 

*  Boiled    Chicken.     (Very    good    quality,    though 

price  is  rather  high — 85  cents  for  about  1  pound 
and  7  ounce?.    No  net  weight  stated  on  package 
as  now  required.) 
Hormel,  Geo.  A.,  and  Co.,  Austin,  Minn. 

*  Pork  Sausage,  Dairy  Brand. 
Libby,  McNeill  and  Libby,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Libby 's  Sliced  Bacon.     (Not  so  thoroughly  cured 

as  when  not  packed  in  glass  jars — should  be 
handled  with  care  after  opening.) 

*  Cooked  Ox  Tongues. 
Morris  and  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Supreme  Bacon. 


MEATS  S79 


*  Supreme  Ham. 

Squire,  John  P.,  and  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Sliced  Bacon,  Arlington  Brand. 
S.  and  S.  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Sulzberger 's  Maj  estic  Sliced  Bacon.     ( Sliced  hacon 

in  glass  container  is  an  uneconomic  and  unnec- 
essary way  of  handling  a  salt  meat;  cost  about 
65  cents  per  cound.) 
Swift  and  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Premium  Bacon.     {Slab.) 

Vogt,  F.  G.,  and  Sons,  Inc.,  Philadelphia. 

(N)  Scrapple  Liberty  Brand.  {No  standard  for  this 
product  but  it  contained  mere  water  amd  much 
less  meat  than  other  products  of  this  hind. 
Potassium  nitrate  and  tin  also  present  in  minute 
amx)unts.    Not  adapted  to  tinning.) 


XV.    OLIVE  OILS,  ETC. 

Callahan,  George,  and  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Callahan's  Special  Olive  Oil.  {Extravagant 
medicinal  claims  which  cannot  he  tolerated,  at- 
thoiigh  the  quality  of  oil  is  good.) 

Calve-Delft,  Delft,  Holland. 

(N)  Delft  Peanut  Oil.  {An  authentic  peanut  oil.  Is 
not  *^  matchless  for  mayonnaise  and  other  salad 
dressings*' — being  of  a  bland,  characterless 
flavor.  Could  compete  with  cottonseed  oil  but 
not  with  olive  oil.  Price  should  be  lower — 
nearer  that  of  cottonseed.) 

Italian  Importing  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Holy  Father  Olive  Oil.  {A  good  standard  oU, 
Not  starred  solely  because  of  misleading  use  of 
Pope's  name  and  figure  on  label.) 

Migliore,  J.,  Belmonte,  Italy. 

*  Florentine  Lily  Olive  Oil.     {Superior  to   other 

brand   examined  in   acidity   content.     Quality 
claims  justified  to  this  extent.) 

*  Virgin  Olive  Oil.     {A  true  olive  oil  but  acidity  a 

little  high  on  sample  examined.    Very  slightly 
short  weight.) 
Windermere  Ranch,  LaMirada,  California. 

*  McNally's  Olive  Oil. 


XVI.    PEESERVES,  PICKLES,  ETC. 

California  Fruit  Canners*  Assn.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

*  Olives,  Del  Monte  Brand.     (Good  but  hardly  *' Ex- 

tra  Quality/^    Loose   use   of  such  terms  on 
canned  goods  is  regrettable  but  general.) 
Cape  Cod  Products  Co.,  North  Truro,  Mass. 

*  Beach  Plum  Jelly. 

*  Piccalilli. 

Crosse  and  Blackwell,  London,  Eng. 

*  Pickled  White  Onions. 

*  Sweet  Pickle. 

Cudahy,  John,  Fig  Products  Co.,  Chicago,  IlL 

*  Fig  Marmalade. 

*  Orange  Marmalade. 

*  Pineapple  Marmalade. 

Grape  Fruit  Products  Co.,  Inc.,  Watertown,  N.  Y. 

*  Grape  Fruit  Ola  Marmalade. 
Heinz,  H.  J.,  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

*  Apple  Butter.     (Slightly  short  weight.) 

*  Grape  Fruit  Marmalade. 

*  Spanish  Queen  Olives.     (Net  weight  was  correct 

including  liquid,  but  should  preferably  refer  to 
weight  of  olives  only;  about  3  ounces  of  brine 
and  4  ounces  of  olives  found.) 
281 


2S2  1001    TESTS 


Kidd,  Mrs.  E.  G.,  Inc.,  Richmond,  Va. 

*  Pin  Money  Mixed  Pickles. 

"Lady  Betty,"  Brookline,  Mass. 

*  Lady  Betty  Golden  Conserve.     (Moisture  content 

rather  high  for  a  ** conserve**  hut  over  weight 
and  excellent  quality  in  general.) 
"k  Lady  Betty's  Grapefruit  and  Orange  Marmalade. 

*  Lady  Betty  Mustard  Pickle.     {Colored  with  tur- 

meric, a  harmless  vegetable  dye,  and  apparently 
some  added  starch  present.  Would  not  he  per- 
mitted in  a  mustard  without  declaration  hut  in  a 
mixed  product  of  this  kind  may  he  deemed 
harely  permissible.  Forty-five  cents  for  20 
ounces  is  rather  high.) 

*  Lady  Betty  Pepper  Relish.     {Net  weight  not  given 

and  price  rather  high — ^10  cents  for  22  ounces — 
three-fourths  water.) 

*  Lady  Betty's  Pineapple-Orange  Marmalade. 

*  Lady  Betty  Piccalilli. 

Ridgewood  Orchard,  Winchester,  Va. 

-k  Mint  Jelly.     {A  good  apple  jelly  flavored  with 
mint  and  so  labeled.) 

Sulzberger  and  Sons  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Pride  Pure  Apple  Butter. 

*  Pride  Pure  Crabapple  Jelly. 

,(N)  Colonial  Brand  Pure  Fruit  Jam.  (35  per  cent, 
raspberry  and  65  per  cent,  apple  and  sugar. 
Eeally  an  apple  jam  flavored  with  raspberry. 


PRESERVES,   PICKLES,   ETC. 


A  cheap  wholesome  product  honestly  labeled  hut 
not  of  star  quality — short  weight.) 
(N)  Colonial  Brand  Pure  Fruit  Jam.  (33  per  cent, 
strawberry  and  65  per  cent,  apple  and  sugar. 
Short  weight,  and  amount  of  strawberry  small 
— barely  flavors  the  jam.  A  cheap,  wholesome 
product  honestly  labeled,  but  not  of  high  qual- 
ity.) 


XVII.  SUaAES  AND  SACCHARINE 
PRODUCTS 

Alexander  Molasses  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  Dove    Brand    Molasses.     (A    minute   amount    of 

sulphur  dioxid  {not  mare  than  70  parts  per 
million)  is  tolerated  because  of  Government 
ruling  permitting  350  parts!  Only  46  parts  per 
million  found  in  this  product  which  is  a  good 
standard  article  in  other  respects.  Hardly  **  su- 
preme quality'^  nor  *' absolutely  pure^'  with  even 
this  amount  of  80 ^  present.) 

Charles  and  Co.  (Distributors),  New  York  City. 

(N)  Vermont  Maple  Syrup.  {Water  content  too  high. 
Invert  sugars  also  too  high,  indicating  fermenta- 
tion or  carelessness  in  manufacture.  Other  data 
indicate  a  true  m^ple  sugar  with  no  cane  sugar 
added.) 

Heather— The  Highlands,  Wilmington,  Vt. 

*  Vermont   Maple    Syrup.     {Very   informal    label 

bearing  no  net  weight;  product,  however,  is  best 
of  its  kind  examined,  showing  that  a  fine  syrup 
does  conform  to  the  Government  requirements 
and  averages.) 
Oelrich  &  Berry  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Old  Manse  Brand  Syrup.  {Made  from  cane  sugar 
cmd  Ccmadiam  Maple  as  labeled  but  only  about 

284 


SACCHARINE    PRODUCTS  ^85 

20  per  cent,  or  less  of  maple  was  found  and  pic- 
ture of  maple  camp  is  rather  misleading. 
Beally  should  he  labeled  *' flavored  with  maple.^' 
'' Absolutely  pure'*  claim  especially  objection- 
able  on  a  product  of  this  kind.) 

Penick  and  Ford,  Ltd.,  New  Orleans,  La. 

(N)  Brer  Rabbitt  Molasses.  {Amount  of  sugar  pres- 
ent rather  low,  and  water  rather  high;  amount 
of  sulphur  well  within  our  permitted  limits. 
Not  adulterated  but  not  of  high  quality.) 
(D)  Orla  Molasses.  {Heavily  sulphured — 459  parts 
per  million  and  only  350  are  permitted.  About 
a  second  molasses  as  far  as  sugar  content  is 
concerned.) 

Root,  A.  I.,  Co.,  Medina,  0. 
*  Honey. 


XVni.    TOILET  AETICLES 

COLD  CREAMS 

De  Pree  Chemical  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

*  San  Tox  Cold  Cream.     {A  typical  cleansing  or 

massage  cream,  contadnvng  wax,  soap,  petrola- 
tum, and  horacic  acid.  No  extreme  claims 
made.) 
(N)  San  Tox  Peroxidized  Cream.  (A  good  cream  of 
the  ** vanishing"  or  glycerin  type  but  does  not 
contain  enough  peroxid  to  warrant  the  name. 
Ingredients  named  on  the  label  must  be  present 
m  detectable  amounts  or  no  characteristic  result 
cam,  be  eobpected.  No  peroxid  could  be  found  in 
the  finished  product.) 
^  San  Tox  Shaving  Cream.  (A  good  product  about 
40  per  cent,  soap;  glycerine  and  boracic  acid 
present.    No  free  alkali  found.) 

Ingram,  F.  F.,  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

(D)  Ingram's  Milkweed  Brand  Cream.  (Is  not  '* per- 
fectly harmless,'^  and  is  not  a  ^'powerful  skin 
food" — on  the  contrary  is  a  grease  product  con- 
taining ammoniated  mercury,  a  poisonous  salt, 
with  zinc  oxid  and  bismuth.) 

La  Valliere  Co.,  The,  New  Orleans,  La. 

*  Creme  La  Valliere.     (Peroxide  Vanishing  Cream.) 

(Cream  is  true  to  type;  stearic  acid  is  found  and 

286 


TOILET   ARTICLES  287 

so  is  not  literally  **greaseless.^'    Peroxide  is 
present  and  quality  is  excellent.) 
Lillian  Russell's  Own  Toilet  Preparations,  2160  Broad- 
way, New  York. 

(N)  Lillian  Russeirs  Cleansing  Cream.  {A  delicately 
'perfumed,  fine  cold  cream  for  cleansing  pur- 
poses hut  no  basis  found  for  claims  that  it  will 
^'whiten  any  skin/'  or  has  it  any  special  ^'heal- 
ing qualities/') 

(D)  Lillian  Russell *s  Skin  Nutrient.  (Appears  to  be 
the  usual  cold  cream  perfumed  and  tinted. 
There  are  no  **skin  foods" — the  skin  cannot  be 
nourished  from  without,  as  absorption  is  too 
slight.  Such  claims  as  these  have  been  con- 
demned in  the  courts.  {See  N,  J,  16  and  82 
Sartoin  and  Madame  Yale's  skin  foods.)) 

(D)  Lillian  RusseU's  Smooth-Out.  (Apparently  an 
unmedicated  cold  cream — which,  however,  sep- 
arates on  standing — may  be  made  with  special 
oils,  such  as  cocoanut  or  palm,  or  olive — but 
none  of  the  usual  astringents  or  antiseptics  could 
be  identified.  Healing  claims  not  warranted, 
whatever  the  composition  might  be.) 
Magda  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Magda  Toilet  Cream.  (A  very  good  cold  cream 
of  the  usual  mineral  oil  or  vaseline  type, 
Borated.  Could  be  approved  but  for  claim 
'^ Especially  adapted  for  feeding  wasted  tissues" 


288  1001    TESTS 


and  the  inference  that  the  ordinary  creams  of 
the  shops  are  apt  to  he  injurious.) 

Mounier,  Ernest,  Boston,  Mass. 

*  Mounier's  Creme  au  Benzoin.  (A  good  benzoin 
glycerin  lotion.  The  claim  ^^A  superior  quince 
seed  lotion^'  is  not  substantiated;  if  quinceseed 
is  used  at  all  it  is  in  such  form  (extract)  and 
such  small  quantity  that  it  cannot  be  detected. 
Sub-label  should  be  corrected.) 

National  Toilet  Co.,  Paris,  Tenn. 

(D)  Nadinola  Skin  Purifier.  (A  typical  freckle  re- 
mover containing  bismuth  and  mercury.  Not  a 
''shin  purifier/'  and  could  not  "clear  the  skin  of 
blemishes."  Mercury  might  be  dangerous,  as  it 
is  a  poisonous  metal.) 

Peninsular  Chemical  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

(N)  Penslar  Buttermilk  Cerate.  (Lactic  acid  present, 
indicating  presence  of  some  buttermilk.  Hardly 
a  true  cerate  as  no  white  wax  was  found. 
Product  could  have  been  approved  but  for  claims 
that  it  "affords  nourishment  to  the  underlying 
tissues.*'  The  skin  cannot  be  fed  in  any  such 
way.) 
(D)  Penslar  Lilac  Face  Cream.  (A  very  greasy 
cleansing  cream  with  zinc  oxid  for  which  the 
following  misleading  claims  are  made:  "An 
admirable  skin  food/'  "capable  of  being  ab- 
sorbed by  the  skin  and  so  penetrating  to  its 
deeper  structures.") 


TOILET    ARTICLES  289 

(N)  Penslar   Vanishing   Face    Cream.     (Consists   of 
stearic  acid  and  soap  essentially.    Is  not  en- 
tirely free  from  greasy  or  oily  characteristics  as 
claimed.    Harmless,  hut  claims  extravagant.) 
Pompeian  Manufacturing  Co.,  Cleveland,  0. 

*  Pompeian  Night  Cream.     (A  very  good  cold  cream 

of  the  petrolatum  type,  containing  also  horic 
acid,  and  soap.  Delicately  perfumed  and  pleas- 
ant to  use  hut  very  expensive — like  all  small 
packages — 29  cents  for  about  2  ounces  means 
$2.32  per  pound.  No  cold  cream  replenishes  the 
oils  of  the  skin  except  in  a  very  superficial  ma/n- 
ner,  as  the  skin  is  only  slightly  absorbent. 

Racarma,  Detroit,  Mich. 

(N)  Cream  (L 'Esprit  de  lilas  Creme  fugitif).  (A 
typical  vanishing  cream,  glycerin  base.  Could 
not  approve  extreme  quality  and  superlative 
claims.) 

Stearns,  Detroit,  Mich. 

*  Cold  Cream,   Suprema  Violet.     (A  good  cream, 

petrolatum  type,  for  cleansing  purposes. 
Softer  and  more  greasy  than  the  massage 
cream.) 

*  Massage  Cream,  Suprema.     {An  effective  massage 

cream,  somewhat  stiff er  than  the  plain  cleansing 
cream;  glycerine  type.) 
Stein,  M.,  Cosmetic  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Alpine  Cold  Cream— Stein's  Theatrical  Make-up. 

{A  good  cold  cream  of  the  vaseline  type  for  mas- 


290  1001    TESTS 


sage  and  cleansing  purposes.    Contains  horic 
acid.    Reasonable  in  price — 75  cents  for  almost 
a  pound — small  packages  of  fancy  creams  are 
vastly  more  expensive.) 
Williams,  J.  B.,  Co.,  Glastonbury,  Conn. 
*  Cold  Cream. 


HAIR  TONICS,  SHAMPOOS,  ETC. 

Bay  Roma  Co.,  396  Broadway,  New  York  City. 

(D)  Bay  Roma.  {Contains  about  2  per  cent,  of  lead 
acetate  and  free  sulphur.  The  reaction  between 
this  poisonous  salt  amd  the  sulphur  is  what 
colors  the  hair,  Statement  *'Will  cause  gray 
hair  to  resume  a  natural  color''  is  therefore  mis- 
leading.) 

Cooper  Pharmacal  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Beta  Quinol  Scalp  Treatment.  {Quinine,  resor- 
cin,  beta  naphthol  and  alcohol  were  found. 
These  are  stimulative  principles  and  the  product 
has  some  merit,  but  claims  *^for  nourishing  the 
roots  of  the  hair''  not  permissible.  Claims  made 
on  label  are  moderate — newspaper  advertising 
objectionable.) 

De  Free  Chemical  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  San  Tox  Eau  de  Quinine  Hair  Tonic.  {Amount  of 
quinine  and  other  solids  small — value  of  all  hair 
tonics  is  limited  but  claims  made  for  this  product 
are  conservative.) 

Foso  Co.,  The,  Cincinnati,  O. 

(D)  Foso  Foam.     {Antiseptics  and  alcohol  {less  than 
declared)  found,  but  not  enough  of  stimulating 
ingredients  to  warrant  claims.) 
291 


892  1001    TESTS 


(D)  Foso  Tonic.  {Decidedly  less  alcohol  found  than 
declared  on  label;  suspicious  tests  for  wood  alco- 
hol obtained;  less  than  half  of  one  per  cent,  of 
solids  of  any  kind.  Could  not  possibly  have  the 
tonic  properties  claimed.) 
Jennings  Co.,  Perfumers,  Grand  Kapids,  Mich. 

*  Dorothy     Vernon     Perfume     Quick     Shampoo. 

(Merely  a  liquid  soap  perfumed;  63  per  cent, 
water.) 

Lee,  George  H.,  Co.,  Omaha,  Neb. 

(N)  Liquid  Shampoo.  {Too  much  carbonated  alkali, 
especially  when  other  soap  products  are  accused 
of  *' robbing  the  hair  of  its  natural  oiV — Apart 
from  this  is  unobjectionable  and  correctly  de- 
scribed.) 

McCuUough,  George  B.,  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Royal  Olive  Shampoo  Powder.  (Virtually  a 
Castile  soap  powder — could  have  no  special  ef- 
ficacy in  'removing  oils  from  the  hair.  Descrip- 
tion and  references  to  special  chemical  processes 
misleading.  Merely  a  convenient  powdered  soap 
with  an  olive  oil  base.    Price  high.) 

Stearns,  Perfumer,  Detroit,  Mich. 

*  Violet  Liquid  Shampoo.    ($1.00  for  six  fluid  ounces 

is  rather  high  but  one-fifth  of  the  material  is  al- 
cohol, which  adds  to  the  cost;  28  per  cent,  is  a 
well  balanced  soap,  containing  practically  no 
free  alkali  even  carbonated,  and  perfume  is  deli- 
cate. No  criticism  except  as  to  price.  No  ex- 
treme claims  are  made.) 


TOILET    ARTICLES 


United  Drug  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Rexall  Hair  Tonic — 93.  (An  alcoholic  tonic  con- 
taining some  resorcin,  heta-naphthol,  and  glyc- 
erin— may  contain  a  minute  amount  of  pilo- 
carpin  hut  the  tests  were  negative.  About  2.34: 
per  cent,  of  total  solids.  Product  has  some 
merit  hut  claims  as  to  ** nourishing  properties/^ 
revitalizing  the  roots  and  replenishing  the  food 
supply,  are  too  strong,  for  unqualified  ap- 
proval.) 

^ioma  Co.,  970  Rockefeller  Building,  Cleveland,  0. 
(D)  Vioma.  {A  dry  shampoo.  The  base  is  a  nitrog- 
enous substance  resembling  casein  and  a  small 
amount  of  quinine  was  found.  Would  ^*  remove 
grease  and  dust"  as  claimed,  as  would  any  such 
powder  brushed  into  the  hair  and  out  again. 
But  ''Miraculous  results,"  removing  dandruff, 
giving  ''new  life"  to  the  hair,  etc.,  are  absurd 
claims  that  cannot  be  approved  even  in  a 
measure.  Continuous  use  of  a  dry  shampoo, 
and  no  washing  might  clog  the  pores  and  be  un- 
desirable.) 

Watkins,  R.  L.,  Co.,  Cleveland,  0. 

(N)  Mulsified  Cocoanut  Oil.  {Name  misleading — is 
merely  a  liquid  cocoanut  oil  soap;  is  not  einulsi- 
fled  oil  as  coined  word  "mulsified"  would  lead 
one  to  think.  Harmless  and  convenient,  but  ex- 
pensive relatively  as  are  all  liquid  soaps.) 


MISCELLANEOUS  PREPARATIONS 

Floridine  Manufacturing  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(D)  Lustrite  Cuticle  Ice.  (Apparently  a  mentholated 
petrolatum  product  sold  at  an  extravagant  price 
as  '^an  infallible  cure  for  lacerated,  inflamed  or 
dry  cuticW — ^'highly  antiseptic/'  ^^more  effec- 
tive than  cold  cream/'  etc.) 

(D)  Lustrite  Cuticle  Softener  (Antiseptic).  (Essen^ 
tidily  a  little  borax,  colored  with  a  coal  tar  dye 
— absurd  claims  made  as  to  its  being  '^superior 
to  soap,"  ^^ compounded  on  a  scientific  for- 
mula," etc.  Nineteen  cents  for  two  ounces  of 
borax  is  rather  high.) 
'k  Lustrite  Hand  Velvet.  {A  good  glycerin,  gum 
preparation  with  alcohol.  Hardly  '*  marvel- 
ous," but  good  of  its  kind.) 

(N)  Lustrite  Salve  Enamel.  {A  combined  salve  and 
enamel,  i.  e.,  sUicious  matter,  fats,  and  zinc. 
Antiseptic  value  slight;  17  cents  for  about  one- 
tenth  of  an  ounce  seems  exorbitant  for  a  ma- 
terial of  no  special  adaptability  or  merit.) 
Lillian  Russeirs  Own  Toilet  Preparations,  2160  Broad- 
way, New  York  City. 

(N)  Lillian  Russell's  Lip  Stick.  {A  harmless  grease 
product  impregnated  with  a  carmine  dye.  True 
that  the  grease  would  not  be  drying  but  the  color 

294 


TOILET    ARTICLES 


given  is  hardly  that  of  Nature,  and  the  softness 
of  the  lips  would  he  '^ restored'*  jtist  as  well  hy 
plain  vaseline  or  cold  cream,  while  this  product 
sells  for  50  cents  for  about  two-tenths  of  an 
ounce.) 

(D)  Lillian  Russell ^s  Rejuvenating  Powder.  ($1.50 
charged  for  about  one  ounce  of  a  protein  bearing 
powder  of  some  kind  {difficult  to  identify,  moAf 
he  of  casein  or  egg  origin) ;  boric  acid  found,  also 
aluminum,  magnesiu/m,  etc.  Price  exorbitant 
and  claims  impossible  for  a  mixture  of  this  com- 
position or  indeed  of  any  composition.  Could 
not  have  a  ** constructive  effect*'  in  ^* reviving 
old  tissues,'*) 
Magique  Co.,  Sjrracuse,  N.  Y. 

(D)  Magique.     {A  typical  aluminum  chlorid  solution 
to  he  used  as  perspiration  check.    Might  be  irri- 
tating and  injurious.) 
Oriental  Manicure  Specialty  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Lotus  Nail  Enamel.  (Silica  and  soap  essentially. 
Unobjectionable  in  itself  but  no  foundation  of 
extreme  claims  made.) 

(D)  Sutol  Rouge.     (Not  harmful  except  in  so  far  as 
the  continual  use  of  such  materials  may  haA)e  a 
coarsening  effect.    Does  not  **give  a  color  true 
to  Nature,") 
Piver,  L.  T.,  Paris,  France. 

*  Azurea  Sachets.     {A  very  distinctive  spicy  odor — 
powder  probably  largely  almond  meal.) 


1001    TESTS 


Stearns,  Perfumer,  Detroit,  Mich. 

*  Supreme  Nail  Cleanser.  {Price  high,  50  cents  for 
5  ounces.  Attractively  put  up  and  perfumed. 
Convenient,  being  a  stiff  paste  of  soap,  glycerin, 
gum,  and  alcohol  No  special  efficacy  in  keep- 
ing *'the  cuticle  healthy,**  except  as  cleanliness 
and  massage  necessary  in  its  application  might 
have  this  effect.  Free  from  acids  and  bleaching 
materials.) 

White  Cross  Toilet  Powder  Co.,  New  York  City. 
(D)  White  Cross  Antiseptic  Foot  Powder.  {A 
slightly  antiseptic  talcum,  boric  and  salicylic 
acid  found.  Claims  that  it  is  ^^universally  con- 
ceded to  he  the  best  remedy  for  soft  corns  and 
callouses,*'  and  that  it  '^removes  all  offensive 
odors**  entirely  unwarranted.) 


PERFUMES 

Daggett  and  Ramsdell,  New  York  City. 

*  Violette  Rico  Toilet  "Water.     (Bather  high  priced, 

70  cents  for  3.5  ounces.) 
Jennings  Co.,  Perfumers,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

*  Dorothy  Vernon  Toilet  Water. 
Peninsular  Chemical  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

*  Sylvodora  Eau  de  Toilette — ^Red  Rose.     {Perfume 

not  very  distinctive  hut  a  toilet  water  is  not  ex- 
pected to  be  heofviiy  perfumed.  Price  (75 
cents)  rather  high  for  quality.) 

"k  Sylvodora  Lilac  Vegetal.  {The  price  of  one  dollar 
for  5  ounces  of  toilet  water  of  good  quality 
seems  excessive.) 

ic  Sylvodora  Lilaflor  Perfume.  {A  heavy  perfume 
attractively  put  up — should,  however,  he  almost 
solely  essential  joU  at  this  price  ($1.25  for  1.6 
fluid  drams) ^  hut  is  an  alcoholic  extract.) 

if  Sylvodora  Violaflor  Toilet  Water.     {High  priced 
for  quality,  75  cents  for  a  little  over  three 
ounces.) 
Piver,  L.  T.,  Paris,  France. 

*  Extract  Azurea.     {A  very  high  priced  perfume, 

$1.35  for  ahout  1  fluid  ounce.    Pleasant  hut  not 
297 


^98  1001    TESTS 


a  characteristic,  strong  essence  as  would  he  ex- 
pected of  a  product  of  this  price.) 

Racarma,  Detroit,  Mich. 

(N)  Toilet  water,  L 'Esprit  de  Lilas.  {No  objection 
to  product  hut  superlative  and  exclusive  claims 
05  to  quality  and  French  origin,  though  '^made 
in  America,^'  are  too  extravagant  to  warrant  ap- 
proval.) 

Williams,  J.  B.,  Co.,  Glastonbury,  Conn. 
*  English  Lilac  Toilet  Water. 


POWDERS 

Babcock,  A.  P.,  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Coiylopsis  Talcum  Powder.     {Nearly  all  talc,  not 

borated — very  good  quality  but  slightly  short 

weight.) 
Bendick  Company,  60  York  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
(N)  No-Talc  Toilet  Powder.     {Principally  starch  and 

zinc  stearate,  with  a  little  zinc  oxid.    Claims 

very  extravagant  and  denunciation  of  *^ talcum" 

powders  not  warranted.) 
Colgate  and  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Baby  Talc.     {Over  three-fourths  talc  and  contain- 

ing about  8  per  cent,  of  boric  acid.) 
-k  Cashmere    Bouquet     Talc.     {Contains    a     large 
amount  of  boric  acid,  about  11  per  cent.,  and 
would  therefore  have  a  true  antiseptic  effect. 
Good  quality  and  moderate  claims.) 
(N)  Dactylis  Talc.     {A  good  toilet  powder  but  con^ 
tain^  only  about  one-fourth  talc  and  is  therefore 
improperly  labeled.     Claims  rather  extreme — 
*^ purifying,' '  '*made  from  formula  of  a  famous 
physician,' '  etc.) 
[(N)  Eclat  Talc  Powder.     {A  good  powder  containing 
nearly  10  per  cent,  of  boric  acid  which  should  be 
declared  on  the  label.) 

299 


800  1001    TESTS 


De  Pree  Chemical  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

*  San  Tox  Baby  Talcum. 
Daggett  and  Ramsdell,  New  York  City. 

*  Debutante  Powder.     {A  very  fine  powder  about 

one-ihird  talcum,  not  horated.) 

Gordon-Thorne  Co.,  Utica,  New  York. 

(N)  Baby  Bunting  Toilet  Powder.  (An  interesting 
and  distinctive  powder  containing  no  talcum 
and  making  a  great  point  of  this,  as  though  tal- 
cum were  injurious,  whereas  it  forms  the  hulk  of 
all  of  the  powders  on  the  market.  This  product 
is  very  heavily  horated  (26  per  cent.,  over  twice 
that  found  in  any  other  and  might  he  irritat- 
ing), and  is  about  half  zinc  stearate.  Could  he 
approved  if  it  were  not  for  the  misleading  state- 
ments made  as  to  talcum.) 

Ingram,  F.  F.,  Company,  Detroit,  Mich. 

(N)  Ingram's  Velveola — The  Milkweed  Cream  Face 
Powder.  (A  fine  white  powder  largely  talcum 
and  calcium  carbonate.  Name  of  course  is 
meaningless.) 

Lillian  Russell's  Own  Toilet  Preparations,  2160  Broad- 
way, New  York  City. 
(D)  Lillian  Russell's  Purity  Face  Powder.  {A  good 
powder,  half  talc,  sold  1.4  ounces  for  one  dollar! 
Does  not  ^Hmprove  the  roughest  skin,*'  in  any 
real  sense.  A  harmless  product  of  usual 
quality  sold  at  an  exorbitant  price.) 


TOILET   ARTICLES  301 

National  Toilet  Co.,  Paris,  Tenn. 

*  Nadine  Face  Powd'er.     {A  good  compound  powder 

containing  talc,  calcium  carbonate,  starch,  zinc 
oxid  and  soap.     Claims  moderate.    Price  rather 
high.) 
National  White  Cross  League,  Chicago,  111. 

(N)  Violet  Talcum  Powder.  (Only  about  half  talc  and 
amount  of  boric  acid  small,  considering  claim 
*' strongly  antiseptic.^') 

*  White  Complexion  Powder.     {A   fine  powder  con- 

taining about  30  per  cent,  of  talc  and  some  rice 
starch;  ^^ absolutely  pure''  claim  objectionable  as 
always.) 
Peninsular  Chemical  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

(N)  Penslar  Lilac  Talcum  Powder.  (Contains  about 
60  per  cent,  of  talcum — not  enough  to  warrant 
name — should  be  called  a  toilet  or  face  powder 
simply.  Boric  a>cid  present  but  not  declared, 
A  fine  powder  but  not  *'unequaled,"  as 
claimed.) 

(D)  Poudre  de  Riz.  (About  63  per  cent,  talc  and  only 
24  per  cent,  rice  powder.  Word  ^^Composee" 
in  small  type  does  not  correct  misleading  name. 
Should  be  called  a  ''Talc  and  Bice  Powder.") 

(N)  Velveton  Complexion  Beautifier.— Flesh  and 
"White.  (A  liquid  powder,  calcium  carbonate, 
and  zinc  oxid  suspended  in  alcohol  and  water. 
Conta/ins  a  trace  of  arsenic.  Probably  harmless 
but  expensive  (50  cents  for  4  ounces)  ;  name  and 


302  1001    TESTS 


claims  are  misleading,  could  not  '^  cover  all  traces 
of  sallowness  and  unsightly  blemishes/^  as 
stated.) 
(N)  Violatalc  Toilet  Powder  Sylvodora.  (About  40 
per  cent,  of  talc  found  in  this  product,  balance 
largely  calcium  carbonate  and  silica.  Powder  is 
fine  and  unobjectionable  except  that  it  should  be 
labeled  as  a  face  or  toilet  powder — not  a  talo 
powder.) 

Piver,  L.  T.,  Paris,  France. 

(D)  Poudre  de  Riz  Azurea.  (Only  40  per  cent,  rice 
powder,  the  balance  mainly  talcum — is  therefore 
misbranded.  Permissible  if  sold  merely  as  a 
toilet  or  face  powder.) 

Stearns,  Perfumer,  Detroit,  Mich. 

*  Suprema    Face    Powder.     {Roughly    calculated 

product  is  about  45  per  cent,  rice  starch  and  45 
per  cent,  talc,  with  a  notable  percentage  of  zinc 
oxid,  less  than  10  per  cent.    Very  fine  and  deli- 
cately perfumed.) 
Talcum  Puff  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Air  Float  Talcum  Powder.     {^'Borated''  only  in 

a  technical  sense,  as  less  than  one  per  cent,  urns 
found  and  this  would  have  no  antiseptic  effect. 
A  very  fine  powder,  95  per  cent,  talc,  containing, 
however,  the  usual  impurities  found  in  com- 
mercial talcs;  superlative  claims  as  to  unusual 
purity  and  superiority  not  warranted,  though  it 
is  very  good.) 


TOILET    ARTICLES  303 

*  Air-Float  Corylopsis  Talcum  Powder. 

*  Air-Float  Wistaria  Talcinn  Powder. 
Vantine,  A.  A.,  New  York  City. 

*  Kutch  Sandalwood  Talcum  Powder. 
Williams,  J.  B.,  Co.,  Glastonbury,  Conn. 

(N)  La  Tosca  Rose  Talc  Powder.  (About  70  per  cent, 
of  talc  found  and  4  per  cent,  of  boric  acid. 
Should  be  labeled  ''borated,"    A  good  powder.) 


SOAPS 

Bobrick  Chemical  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Calif. 

(N)  Sop-o-zon.  {A  very  good  liquid  soap,  delicately 
perfumed,  and  giving  a  soft,  pleasant  lather. 
Undoubtedly  made  from  vegetable  oils  as 
claimed,  though  not  from  the  ^'hest  and  purest,*' 
as  stated.  Highest  rating  withheld  because  of 
claim  ' ^ carholated' '  and  ^'antiseptic'';  no  car- 
bolic found.  Could  ^'improve  the  complexion,*' 
only  as  any  harmless  cleansing  agent  would  do 
so.) 

Chesebrough  Mfg.  Co.,  17  State  Street,  New  York  City. 
(N)  Vaseline  Soap.  {A  good  soap  but  carbonated 
alkali  found  is  a  little  higher  than  in  the  best 
soaps  and  the  special  claims  made  are  not  sub- 
stantiated. Is  n/)t  *' perfectly  neutral"  nor  is  it 
the  *' cheapest  and  best  soap  made.*') 

Daggett  and  Ramsdell,  New  York  City. 

*  Perfect  Cold  Cream  Soap.  {Only  claim  to  name  is 
presence  of  small  amount  of  unsaponifiable  oil  or 
petrolatum,  and  free  fatty  acid,  lather  abundant 
and  creamy  and  soft  even  in  cold  water.  Not  of 
markedly  superior  quality  but  good.  Price  20 
cents.) 

Foso  Co.,  The,  Cincinnati,  0. 

(N)  Foso  Soap.     (A  residue  resembling  tar,  the  only 
ingredient  found  to  substantiate  claim  ''very  ef- 
ficacious medicinally*';  alkali  a  little  higher  than 
304 


TOILET   ARTICLES  305 

it  should  he  in  a  soap  making  such  special 
claims  for  ** healing'*  properties.) 

Hyde  Cleaner  and  Moth  Exterminator  Co.,  Des  Moines, 
la. 
(D)  H.  and  H.  Cleaner.  (May  he  a  good  cleaning  soap 
hut  is  entirely  too  high  in  carbonated  alkali  for 
a  toilet  or  hath  soap.  Is  over  half  water  and  so 
is  not  economical,) 

Orona  Manufacturing  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 

(N)  Orona  Lily  Cream  Soap.  (Nearly  half  water,  and 
one-third  silica.  A  convenient  preparation  for 
travelers,  and  workers  as  stated,  hut  is  not  a 
true  soap  and  the  name  is  somewhat  mislead- 
ing. Only  a  small  amount  of  carbonated  alkali 
found — contains  no  free  caustic  alkali.) 
(N)  Orona  Soap  and  Cleaner.  (About  42  per  cent, 
silica  and  42  per  cent,  water — hence  economy 
claim  is  hardly  sustained.  Practically  no  free 
alkali  and  no  acids.  A  good  and  convenient 
preparation  hut  claims  are  very  extravagant, 
i.  e.,  ^* Marvelous  household  cleanser  and  univer- 
sal toilet  soap.'* 

Packer  Manufacturing  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Packer's  Liquid  Tar  Soap.  (Very  little  tar  cam  be 
held  in  solution,  but  enough  is  present  to  give 
character  to  the  product.  Liquid  soaps  are 
never  economical  hut  are  convenient.  This 
product  has  some  antiseptic  value,  due  largely  to 
alcohol  present — some  glycerin  also  found.) 


306  1001    TESTS 


Peninsular  Chemical  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

(N)  Savon  Sylvodora  Violaflor  Soap.  (Extravagant 
claims  for  a  good  soap  with  a  very  faint  delicate 
perfume.  No  free  catistic  alkali  hut  carbonated 
alkali  not  so  low  as  in  many  cheaper  soaps.) 

Pixoap  Works,  59  Park  Street,  London. 

(N)  Pixoap  Scentless  Tar  Soap.  (Claims  made  that 
*^all  the  natural  properties  of  pure  tar'^  are  re- 
tained in  a  '* highly  concentrated  form/'  when 
there  is  less  than  1  per  cent,  of  tar  found.  Im- 
possible for  a  liquid  tar  soap  to  fulfill  this  de- 
scription. Harmless  hut  high  priced  and  over 
praised.) 

Steam's,  Detroit,  Mich. 
.  *  Violet  Soap,   Suprema.     (A  very  pleasing  soap, 
well  made,  hut  high  in  price  when  compared 
with  cheaper  unscented  soaps  of  apparently  just 
as  good  quality.) 

Williams,  J.  B.,  Co.,  Glastonbury,  Conn. 

*  Carnation  Soap.     (Perfume  not  distinctive.) 

*  For-Get-Me-Not  Soap.     (Name  meaningless — odor 

not  distinctive.) 

*  Jersey  Cream  Toilet  Soap.     (Name  ohjectionahle 

as  meaningless  and  misleading.    A  good  soap 
with  less  carbonated  alkali  than  the  violet  soap.) 

*  Lilac  Toilet  Soap. 

*  Matinee  Violet  Toilet  Soap.     (No  free  alkali,  but 

considerable  carbonated  alkali  reported.    Good 
for  the  price.) 


TOOTH  POWDERS,  PASTES,  ETC. 

De  Pree  Chemical  Company,  Chicago,  111. 

•  San  Tox  Tooth  Paste. 
Graves,  Dr.  E.  L.,  Chicago,  111. 

(D)  Unequaled  Tooth  Powder.  (A  good  powder  con- 
taining calcium  carbonate,  borate,  mj/rrh,  methyl 
salicylate,  etc.,  but  sold  with  such  utterly  mis- 
leading claims  as  ^^ Removes  all  germs  of  dis- 
ease,'^ ^^ Heals  soft  and  bleeding  gums,''  which 
no  tooth  powder  could  do.) 
National  White  Cross  League. 

*  Sanative  Tooth  Paste.     {A  smooth  paste  free  from 

grit  and  containing  menthol  and  salicylic  acid. 
Claims  mildly  extravagant — but  is  antiseptic 
though  not  germicidal.) 
New  England  Laboratory  Co.,  Ljnin,  Mass. 

(N)  Burrill's  Tooth  Paste.  {A  good  tooth  paste  con- 
taining some  antiseptic  substances  but  the  claims 
to  ^'destroy  germs,*'  *^ prevent  sore  and  receding 
gums,"  could  not  be  approved.) 

(N)  Burrill's  Tooth  Powder.  {Culcium  carbonate  and 
soap,  with  oil  of  wintergreen  and  other  essential 
oils.  A  good  product  but  claims  too  extrava- 
gant: Same  as  tooth  paste,  also  ^* Antiseptic 
properties  can  not  be  over  estimated"  ** forms  a 
307 


308  1001    TESTS 


mouth  wash  more  efficient  than  listerine  or  per- 
oxide of  hydrogen.^') 
Peninsular  Chemical  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

*  Tooth  Paste  Penslar.     {Contains  calcium  carbon- 

ate, menthol,  salicylic  acid,  etc.  Claims  a  little 
broad  hut  in  the  main  conservative.  ^'A  pro- 
nounced antiseptic  action  tending  to  limit  the 
growth  of  bacteria  in  the  mouth/') 

*  Penslar  Perla  Denta   Tooth  Powder.     (A   good 

preparation  of  calcium  carbonate,  soap,  orris 
root,  salicylic  acid,  and  wintergreen.  Claims,  as 
on  most  tooth  powders  are  somewhat  exagger- 
ated but  not  dangerously  or  specifically  false. 
Would  do  little  to  remove  tartar  but  might  help 
to  prevent  its  formation.) 

Pond's  Extract  Co.,  New  York  City. 

(N)  Tooth  Paste.  (Presence  of  saccharin  objection- 
able amd  claims  of  *' unique' '  process  hardly  war- 
ranted. A  good  tooth  paste  of  soap,  calcium 
carbonate,  glycerin,  alcohol,  and  antiseptics  such 
as  menthol,  cvnnamon,  etc.,  but  not  at  all 
'*  unique.'') 

Prophytol  Products  Co.,  Richmond,  Va. 

(D)  Prophytol  Antiseptic  Dental  Liquid.  {Depends 
mainly  on  menthol,  salicylic  acid,  37  per  cent, 
of  alcohol,  and  formaldehyde  for  its  germicidal 
effect.  A  good  product  but  of  no  special  value 
for  pyorrhoea,  nor  will  it  '* purify  the  breath." 
Recent  labels  and  claims  have  been  much  im- 


TOILET    ARTICLES  309 

proved  hut  not  sufficiently  to  warrant  approval.) 
(D)  Pro-phy-tol  Tooth  Paste.     {A  good  tooth  paste 
containing  menthol,  formaldehyde,  salicylic  acid, 
soap,  etc.    Has  some  antiseptic  and  antiacid 
value  hut  claims  as  a  germicide  and  as  a  preven- 
tative of  contagious  diseases  are  unwarranted.) 
(D)  Pro-phy-tol  Tooth  Powder.     {A  good  powder  con- 
sisting mainly  of  soap,  calcium  carbonate,  and 
salicylic  acid.    Germicidal  claims,  especially  in 
the  case  of  disease  germs,  unwarranted  though 
the  product  has  some  antiseptic  value.) 
White,  S.  S.,  Dental  Mfg.  Co.,  New  York  City. 

*  Oraline  Paste.  {A  good  tooth  paste  containing 
soap,  calcium  carbonate,  menthol  and  other  es- 
sential oils.  Claims  very  conservative  with  the 
exception  of  the  statement  that  ^^  absolute  clean- 
liness means  absolute  freedom  from  decay.'' 
There  may  he  systemic  causes  for  decay  of  the 
teeth  that  cleanliness  could  not  prevent.) 


INDEX 


INDEX 


A.  D.  S.  Foot  Tablets,  131 

Improved  Foot  Soap,  210 

Kurakutie  Soap,  210 

Majestic  Lilac  Talc,  203 

Malted  Milk,  55 

Peredixo  Tooth  Paste,  219 

Peroxide  Tooth  Powder,  219 

Shaving  Cream,  177-178 
Acker,   Merrall   &    Condit   Co., 

155,  159 
A-Corn  Salve,  135 
Adulterants  in  candies,  33 
Adirondacks  Maple  Co.,  169 

canned  goods,  41 

condiments,  95 

cocoas,  7 

cold  creams,  177 

dried  meats,  149 

flours,  79 

honey,  169 

macaroni,  92 

olive  oil,  153 

preserves,  157 

salad  dressings,  96 

shampoo  powders,  187 

syrups,  167 

vinegars,  97 
Albumen  in  baking  powders,  2 
Alcohol  in  grape  juice,  20 
Alexander  Molasses  Co.,  284 
Alexander  &  Mendes,  188 


Alkali-treated  cocoa,  6 
Allen  Pharmacal  Co.,  203,  219 
Allen's  Foot  Ease,  140 
Allredie  Pure  Food  Co.,  257 
Almond        Dulce        Hymettus 

Cream,  186 
Almond  Extract,  116,  117,  118, 

120,  121,  262,  263 
Almond  Skin  Food,  180 
Almonds,  Festino,  31 
Als  Hangesimd  Preserving  Co., 

123 
Alphabetos,  Skinner  Mfg.  Co.'s, 

253 
Alum  in  baking  powders,  2 
American  Candy  Co.,  235 
American  Dehydrating  Co.,  127 
Druggists'  Syndicate,  55,  131, 
177,   188,   199,  203,  210, 
219 
Fruit  Products  Co.,  21,   159 
American  Products  Co.,  262 
American   Sugar   Refining   Co., 
169 
Vineyard  Co.,  127 
Ammon  &  Pearson,  147 
Anchovy  Paste,  Crosse  &  Black- 
well's,    123 
Anchovy  Sauce,  Crosse  &  Black- 
well's,  254 
Anola,  234 


313 


314 


INDEX 


Anderson,  J.  H.  A  Co.,  264 
Angelus  Cough  Drops,  141 
Anheuser-Busch  Brewing  Ass'n, 

21 
Anker's  Bouillon  Capsules,  65 
Antiseptic  Throat  Pastilles,  134 
Apple  Butter,  Heinz,  281 

Pride  Pure,  282 
Apple  Jam,  169,  160 

Juice,  Duflfy's,  21 
Apples,  evaporated,  128 
Apricots,  Del  Monte  Brand,  45 
evaporated,  127 
Hunt  Brothers',  46 
Apricots,     Libby,     McNeill     & 

Libby's,  239 
Troubadour  Brand,  46 
Ar buckle  Bros.,  13 
Armour  &  Co.,  21,  62,  147,  150, 

177,   194,  203,  211,  219, 

277 
Aroma  Coffee  Co.,  13 
Aromint  Co.,  35 
Artaud,  J.  B.  &  A.  Frferes,  164 
Artichokes,  canned,  66 
Asiatic  Products  Co.,  17 
Asparagus,  canned,  66,  68 
Aunt  Jemima's  Brand  Pancake 

Flour,  82 
Aurora    Condensed    Milk    Co., 

66 
Austin-Nichols  &   Co.,   66,   98, 

127,  169 

B.  H.  Company,  The,  178,  194, 

203 
Babcock,  A.  P.  Co.,  299 


Bacon,  Armour's  Star  Slab,  277 
Beechnut  Brand,  160 
Dairy  Brand,  161 
Ferris's  Boneless,  160 
Jones  Dairy  Farm,  151 
Libby's,  278 

Morris  &  Co.'s,  Supreme,  278 
Swift's  Premium,   162 
Squire's,  279 
Sulzberger's,  279 
Swift  &  Co.'s,  Premium,  279 
Baked   Beans,   canned,   67,   68, 

70,  243 
Baker  Extract  Co.,  116 
Baker,  Franklin  Co.,  109 
Baker  Importing  Co.,  13 
Baker,  Walter  &  Co.,  7,  235 
Baking  Powder — Calumet,  3 
Cleveland  Superior,  3 
Congress,  4 
Davis  O.  K.,  3 
Dr.  Price's  Cream,  4 
K.  C,  4 
Princine,  225 
Ryzon,  225 
Royal,  4 
Eumford,  4 
Uprise,  3 
The  three  types,  1 
Soda,  Slade's,  4 
Ballard  &  Ballard  Co.,  249 
Banana  Flavor,  117,  120 
Bananas,  evaporated,  127 
Barley,  Brook's  Baby,  240 
Crystals,  75 
Robinson's  Patent,  245 
Flour,  Jireh  Diatetic,  84 


INDEX 


315 


Bartlett,  Stephen  L.  Co.,  7 

Barton  &  Guestier,  164 

Bauer  &  Black,  131 

Bay  Roma  Co.,  291 

Beach  Plum  Jelly,  281 

Beale  &  Garnett  Co.,  123 

Beale,  W.  C.  Fish  Co.,  242,  257, 
264 

Beans,  canned,   66,  67,  68,  69, 
70,  243,  245 

Bear  Lithia  Spring  Co.,  231 

Beardsley's    Sons,    J.    W.,    62, 
123,  242 

Beaux  Yeux,  196 

Beechnut  Packing  Co.,  98,  147, 
150,  159,  277 

Beef,  Corned,  Red  Cross  Brand, 
151 
Dried,  Armour's  Sliced,  150 
Beechnut  Brand,  150 
Llbby,   McNeill  &  Libby's, 
151 

Beef,  Extract  of,  62,  63 

Beet  Sugar,  163 

Beets,  canned,  67,  68,  69,  243 

Bell,  Wm.  G.  Co.,  98 

Belle  Mead  Sweets,  35 

Bendick  Co.,  299 

Bennett,  F.  H.,  Biscuit  Co.,  233 

Bensdorp      ( Amsterdam,     Hol- 
land), 7 

Benzoate    of    Soda    in    condi- 
ments, 96 

Berlin  Mills  Co.,  274 

Berna  Milk  Co.,  55 

Berndt  &  Co.,  17 

Bernese  Alps  Milk  Co.,  66,  240 


Beta  Quinol   Scalp   Treatment, 

291 
B^ziers,  Ren6,  Douarnenez,  264 
Biedert's  Ramogen,  240 
Biscuit,  Adora,  31 

Arrowroot,  31 

Baronet,  31 

Frotana,  32 

Jireh  Diatetic,  2& 

Pakatin,  30 

Saltine,  32 

Social  Tea,  32 

Sunshine  Assorted,  30 

Sunshine  Citrus,  31 

Sunshine    Petite    Beurre,    31 

Takoma,  31 

Uneeda,  32 

Water  Thin,  32 

Wentworth's    Whole    Wheat, 
233 
Bishop  &  Co.,  36 
Bitter  Chocolates,  6 
Blackberries,  preserved,  160 

Silver  Lake  Brand,  47 
Blanke,  C.  F.,  Tea  and  Coflfee 

Co.,  13,  17,  228 
Blendo  Food  Co.,  14 
Bliss,  Alonzo  O.  Co.,  132 
Blookers      (Amsterdam,      Hol- 
land), 8,  226 
Blue  Jay  Corn  Plasters,  131 
Bobrick  Chemical  Co.,  304 
Bolton  Chemical  Corp.,  267 
Bonbons,  Huyler's,  36 

Maillard's,  37 

Park  &  Tilford's,  38 

Schrafft's,  39 


316 


INDEX 


Borden's   Condensed   Milk   Co., 

14,  36,  56 
Borgen,  C.  Packing  Co.,  264 
Bosnian  &  Lohman  Co.,  147 
Bouillon,  Clam,  62,  242 

Cubes,  Anker's,  65 
Armour's,  62 
Liebig's,  0X0,  65 
Steero,  65 
Bouillon  Cubes,  Vegex,  242 
Bour  Co.,  228 
Bourjoias,  A,  &  Co.,  199 
Boyle,  John  Co.,  45,  66 
Brakeley,  Joseph,  Inc.,  66 
Bran,  Flakes,  251 

Obelish  Sanitary,  249 

Pillsbury  Health,  252 

Sterilized,  251 
Bread,  Gluten,  32 
Brewster,  Cocoa  Mfg.  Co.,  235 
Brilliantine,  Carnation,  188 
Brooke,  C.  M.  &  Sons,  21 
Brooke's  Lemos,  21 
Brook's  Barley  Co.,  240 
Buckwheat  Flour,  Teco  Brand, 

82 
Bunte  Brothers,  236,  267 
Burnett,  Joseph  &  Co.,  117 
Burnham,  E.  L.  Co.,  62 
Burnham    &   Morrill    Co.,    123, 

242,  243,  265 
Burrell  Products  Co.,  257 
Butter  Fish,  Cape  Cod,  265 
Butter,  Fox  River,  148 
B.  &  P.  Company,  194 

Cake,  Royal  Black  Fruit,  233 


California  Fish  Co.,  123 

Fruit    Canners'    Association, 
45,  60,  127,  281 
Callahan,  Geo.  &  Co.,  280 
Calocide  Compound,  138 
Calox,  the  Oxygen  Tooth  Pow- 
der, 222 
Calumet  Baking  Powder  Co.,  3 
Galve-Delft,  280 
Calves'  Foot  Jelly,  150 
Calvet  &  Co.,  155 
Campbell  Co.,  155 
Campbell,   Joseph   Co.,   62,   242 
Campbell's  Kooking  Oil,  155 
Candies,  adulterants  in,  33 
Candies,  Bunte  Brothers',  236 
Kibbe  Brothers  Co.,  236 
Park    &    Tilford's    Juvenile, 
238 
Candy  Figs,  36 
Cane  Sugar,  163 
Canned  Goods,   adulterants  in, 
41 
labeling,  44 
weights,  42 
Canthrox,  190 
Cape    Cod    Products    Co.,    243, 

265,  281 
Cape    Cod    Specialty    Co.,    239, 

243 
Capsicum  Vaseline,  132 
Caramels,  Belle  Mead,  35 
H.  D.  Foss  &  Co.'s,  36 
Johnston's,  37 
Lowney's,  37 
Maillard's,  37 
Park  &  Tilford's.  38 


>\KJ 


INDEX 


317 


Caramels,  Schraflft's,  39 

Whitman's,  40 
Carbolated  Vaseline,  132 
Carey  Co.,  262 
Carque,  Otto,  89 
Carque  Pure  Food  Co.,  127,  147 
Carter  Lytle  Drug  Co.,  132 
Castle,  The  W.  A.  Co.,  155 
Castor  Oil,  Tasteless,  143 
Caswell,  Massey  Co.,  Ltd.,  204 
Catsup,  98 

Blue  Ribbon,  103 

Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's,  101 

Pride  of  the  Farm,  103 

Princess  Brand,  101 

Richelieu  Brand,  105 

Ritter  Conserve  Co.'s,  103 

Snider 's,  105 

Walnut,  254 
Caviar,  Creaca  Co.'s,  123 
Cel-Co.,  Mfg.  Co.,  228 
Celery  Flavor,  119 
Celery  Salt,  Colburn's,  98 
Celery  Seasoning,  Nosco,  255 
Cerag  Cereal,  246 
Cerag  Co.,  246 
Cereal  Soap  Co.,  211 
Certone  Co.,  267 
Certone  Tablets,  267 
Ceylon  Spice  Co.,   109 
Chalmers,  James,  Sons,  109 
Charles  &  Co.,  284 
Chase  &  Sanborn,  14 
Cheese,  Parmesan,  Grated,  274 

Elkhorn  Brands,  275 

Liederkranz,  275 

Normanna  Zig  Zag,   276 


Cheese  Sandwich,  31 
Cheese  Tid  Bit,  234 
Cherries,    Cobb's    Navy    Brand, 
46 

Del  Monte  Brand,  45 

Evaporated,  127 

Foss'  Liquid  Cream,  36 

Chocolate  covered,  38,  40 

Hunt  Brothers,  46 

Rose-bud,  239 

Royal  Anne,  239 

Troubadour  Brand,  46 
Cherry  Extract,  117 
Chesebrough  Mfg.  Co.,  132,  268, 

304 
Chicken,  Holly's  Boiled,  278 

Boneless,   Derby  Brand,    151 

Boneless,    Libby,    McNeill    & 
Libby's,  151 

Richardson  &  Robbins',  151 
Chili  Con  Carne,  245 
Chili,  Mexican,  Ground,  255 
Chili  Sauce,  Heinz,  101 

Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's,  101 

Snider's,  105 
Chinese  American  Food  Co.,  277 
Chiris,  Antoine,  155 
Chocolate  and  cocoa,  difference, 
6;     theo-bromin     in,     5; 
plain  or  bitter,  6 
Chocolate,    Almond   Milk,    235 

Baker's  Sweet,  235 

Borden's  Milk,  36 

Brewster's  Milk,  235 

Chocolat  Lindt,  39 

Caramels,  Lowney's,  236 

Creams,  Belle  Mead,  35 


318 


INDEX 


Chocolate,  Caracas,  38 
Johnston's,  37 
Maillard's,  37 
Schrafft's,  39 
Skylark,  38 
Hershey's  Milk,  36 
Hoff's,  with  Malt  Extract  and 

Iron,  231 
Huyler's  Premium,  8 
Maillard's  Premium,  8 
Maillard's       After       Dinner 

Mint,  237 
Marshmallows,         Lowney's, 

236 
Nestl6's  Almond  Sweet  Milk, 

38 
Nestle's    Hazel     Nut    Sweet 

Milk,  38 
Original  Sweet  Milk,  38 
Peanut  Milk,  235 
Peppermints,   H.   D.   Foss  & 

Co.'s,  36 
Pickman's  Liquid,  227 
Stollwerck's       Gold       Brand 

Premium,  9 
Suchard's,  39 
Surprise  Wafers,  238 
Tootsie  Roll,  238 
Wadsworth's,  39 
Whitman's    Instantaneous,    9 
Chocolates,  Almond  Milk,  38 
Crest,  237 
Date  Filling,  236 
Delecto,  237 
Huyler's,  36 

Loose-Wiles'  Nobility,  37 
Lowney's,  37,  236 


Chocolates,   Marmay   Crimped, 
37 

My  Lady  of  Quality,  235 

Monte  Fudge,  237 

Park  &  Tilford's,  38 

Skylark,  38 

Temptation,  236 

Triad,  236 

Whitman's,  40 

Wilbur's,  40 
Chop  Suey,  277 
Chow  Chow,  160 
Christian  Company,  82 
Christy,  Arthur  N.  &  Co.,  117 
Chutney  Sauce,  254 
Cinnakol    Chemical    Sales    Co., 

268 
Cinnakol  Disinfectant,  268 
Cinnamon  Flavor,  119 
Citrolax,  269 
Clam  Bouillon,  62,  242 
Clam  Chowder,  242 
Clams,    Burnham   &   Morrill's, 

265 
^lams.  Pioneer  Minced,  125 
Clark,  Coggins  &  Johnson  Co., 

14 
Clark's  Corporation,  133 
Clark's  Pineapple  Juice,  232 
Cleveland  Baking  Powder  Co., 

3 
Cleveland  Macaroni  Co.,  93 
Climax  Coffee  Co.,  14 
Cliquot  Club  Co.,  22 
Cloves  Flavor,  119,  262 
C.  N.  Disinfectant,  144 
Cobb  Preserving  Co.,  46 


INDEX 


319 


Coca  Cola  Co.,  22 
Cocoa,  adulterants,  7 

and  chocolate,  difference,  5 

alkali-treated,  6 

Baker's  Breakfast,  7 

Blocker's  Daalders,  8 

Croft's  Breakfast,  226 

Dutch  process,  6 

Grand  Brand,  226 

Huyler's,  8 

Lowney's  Breakfast,  8 

Maillard's   Breakfast,   8 

Phillips  Digestible,  8 

Royal  Dutch,  7 

Swiss  Chocolate  Co/s,  8 

Swiss  Milk,  226 

Van  Houten's  Famous,  9 
Cocoanut,     Baker's     Premium 
Shred,  109 

Dromedary,  260 
Cod  Liver  Oil  Capsules,  135 
Codfish,  Beale's  264 

Beardsley's   Shredded,    123 

Gorton's  Boneless,  124 

Lord  Brothers'  Boneless,  124 
Coffee,  Ariosa,  13 

Bakerized  Steel  Cut,  13 

Blendo,  14 

Borden's   Condensed,    14 

Caldwell's  Electric  Cut,  13 

Dekofa,  15 

Fairy  Cup  Instant,  14 

Faust,  228 

Hammer's  Concentrated,  228 

Hotel  Astor,  14 

instantaneous,  12 

Kaffee  Hag,  229 


Coffee,  La  Touraine,  16 
Lipton's  Gossip  Blend  Caffee- 

Klatsch,  229 
Lipton's  Yellow  Label  Blend, 

229 
Lockyer's  Extra  Fancy  B.,  15 
Lockyer's  Extra  Fancy  C,  15 
Mexican  Tablets,  229 
Mrs.     Rorer's     Brand     Own 

Blend,  14 
Old  Master,  228 
Pure  Essence  of,  14 
Puri-tan-ated,  14 
Queen  Isabella  Porto  Rico,  16 
Richlieu  Brand  Hans  Evers 

Process  Vacuum  Treated, 

16 
Royal  Stag,  15 
San  Marto,  228 
Schorn  &  Brower's,  230 
Seal  Brand,  14 
substitutes  for,  11 
The  "400"  Blend,  15 
Tourist,  15 
Vilosa,  230 

Washington  Prepared,  15 
White  House  Brand,  14 
Yuban;    the  Arbuckle  Guest 

Coffee,  13 
Coffee  Substitute,  Banan-Nutro, 

16 
Cel-Co,  228 
Drinket,  229 
Instant  Postum,  16 
Kellogg's  Cereal  Beverage,  15 
Kneipp  Malt,  15 
Mouco,  230 


sm 


INDEX 


Coflfee    Substitute,    Old    Grist 
Mill,  16 
Postum  Cereal,  16 

Colburn,  The  A.  Co.,  98,   109, 
118 

Cold     Cream,     Almond     Dulce 
Hymettus  Honey,  184 
Alpine,  289 
Colgate  &  Co.'s,  178 
Cr&me  de  Meridor,  179 
Cr^me  Elcaya,  177 
Cr§me  Imperatrice,  179 
CrSme  LaValliere,  286 
Cr§me  Luxor,  177 
Cr§me  Simon,  184 
CrSme  Tokalon,  185 
Daggett  &  Ramsdell's,  179 
Espey's  Fragrant,  179 
Gille's,  180 

Honey  and  Almond,  181 
Hubert's  Malvina,  181 
Hygienic  Cr§me  Eogiene,  180 
Imperatrix  Skin  Cream,  181 
Ingram's  Milkweed,  286 
Keeler's  Superior,  182 
Kosmeo,  181 
Luxor,  178 
Magda,  287 
merits  of,  173 
Mounier's  Crgme  au  Benzoin, 

288 
Palmolive  Cream,  181 
Penslar,  288 
Plexo,  183 

Pompeian  Night,  289 
Pond's  Vanishing,  183 
Priscilla  Parson's,  178 


Cold  Cream,  Eacarma,  289 
San  Tox,  286 
simple  formula  for,   176 
Stern's,  289 
Suprema,  289 
Williams',   290 
Coleman  &  Co.,  22 
Colgate  &   Co.,   178,    199,  204, 

211,  220,  299 
Colman,  J.  &  J.,  99 
Condensed  Milk,  51 
Aurora,  55 
Bear  Brand,  240 
Cremora,  244 
Diet  Milk,  244 
Gail  Borden  Eagle  Brand, 

66 
Carnation  Brand,  59 
Hires,  57 
Kindolac,  244 
Lapp  &  Co.'s,  Swiss,  241 
Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's, 

58 
Sweet  Clover  Brand,  59 
Swiss,  55 
Soups,  Campbell's,  62,  242 
Franco-American,  63 
Knorr's,  63 
Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's, 

64 
Puro  Brands,  65 
Vegex,  242 
Yours  Truly,  63 
Condiments,  adulterants  in,  95 

benzoate  of  soda  in,  96 
'Cookies,  Chocolate  Tokens,  31 
Educator  Gluten,  29 


INDEX 


321 


Cookies,  Edwards's  Bran,  29 
Lemon  Snaps,  32 
Nabisco,  32 
Old  Time  Sugar,  32 
Sunshine  Philopena  Almond, 

31 
Vienna  Sugar  Fingers,  31 
Zu-Zu  Ginger  Snaps,  32 
Cooper  Pharmacal  Co.,  291 
Corby  Brothers,  3 
Corby  Commission  Co.,  265 
Corn,   canned,    66,    67,    68,   69, 

70,  243 
Corn  Flakes,  76 
Corn    Products    Refining    Co., 

Ill,  170 
Corned  Beef,  Red  Cross  Brand, 

151 
Cornmeal,   Great  Valley  Mills, 
249 
Pamunkey  Mills,  84 
Virginia,  251: 
Cornstarch,     Kingsford's     Os- 
wego, 111 
Cottolene,  148 

Cottonseed  Oil,  153,  155,  157 
Cough  Drops,  Bunte  Brothers*, 

267 
Coumarin,  definition  of,  114 
Cox,  J.  &  G.,  109 
Crab  Meat,  124 

Havalan  Brand,  125 

McMenamin  &  Co.'s,  124 

Crackers,  Agar  Agar,  234 

Educator  Graham,  30 

Educator  Oatmeal,  30 

Educator  Water,  230 


Crackers,  Graham,  32 

Sunshine  Graham,  31 
Cranberries,   D  e  h  y  d  r  o-Fresh, 

127 
Cranberry  Juice,  Doane's, 

231 
Cranberry  Powder,  129 
Cranberry   Sauce,    Burnham   & 
Morrill's,  243 

Premier  Brand,  47 
Crane,  James  C,  178,  204 
Cream  of  Tartar,  Slade's,  4 
Cream  of  Wheat  Co.,  76 
Cream  Whip,  258 
Cream  Whip  Co.,  258 
Cr§me  au  Benzoin,  288 

de  Meridor,  179 

Elcaya,  178 

Imperatrice,  179 

Fouett6,  259 

LaValliere,  287 

Luxor,  177 

Simon,  184 

Tokalon,  185 
Cremora,  244 
Creolin-Pearson,  138 
Cresca   Company,   66,   99,   123, 

128,  150,  159,  244 
Crescent  Mapeline,  118 
Crescent  Mfg.  Co.,  118 
Cresco  Grits,  75 
Crisco,  148 

definition,  145 
Crittenton,  Charles  N.  Co.,  133, 

211 
Croft  &  Allen,  226 
Croft's  Breakfast  Cocoa,  226 


S^2 


INDEX 


Crosse   &   Blackwell,    14,    100, 

123,   160,  254,  265,  274, 

281 
Crown  Lavender  Salts,  199 
Crown  Perfumery  Co.,  199 
Cruikshanks  Brothers  Co.,  160 
Crystal  Gelatin  Co.,  109 
Cudahy,    John,    Fig    Products 

Co.,  281 
Cudahy  Packing  Co.,  63 
Currant  Jelly,  159,  160,  161 
Currants,     Dromedary     Brand, 

128 
Currie  Powder,  98,  100 
Curtice  Brothers  Co.,  100,  160 
Curtis,  Emma  E.,  258 
Cuticura  Ointment,  141 
C.  N.  Disinfectant,  144 


Dad's  Breakfast  Food  Co.,  246 
Daggett  &  Ramsdell,  179,  269, 

297,  300,  304 
Datenut  Butter,  148 
Dandruff     Remedy,     Wildroot, 

192 
Salve,  GilWa,   189 
Dates,  Cresca,  stuffed,  128 
Dates,  Dromedary  Brand,  128 
Davies,  K.  M.  &  Co.,  46 
Davis,  Frank  E.  Co.,  124 
Davis  Milling  Co.,  82 
Davis,  R.  B.  Co.,  3 
De  Groff,  Lewis  &  Son,  67,  128 
De  Pree  Chemical  Co.,  269,  286, 

291,  300,  307 
Deerfoot  Farm,  277 


Del  Monte  brand  cfinaed  fruits, 

45,  46 
De  Meridor  Co.,  179 
De  Miracle  Chemical  Co.,  194 

Depilatory,  194 
Denmark  Condensed  Milk  Co., 

57 
Dentacura  Co.,  220 
Derby,  H.  C.  Co.,  150 
Detoxyl,  139 

Deutsche  Milchwerke,  240 
Deviled  Crab  Meat,  124 
Diamond  Crystal  Salt  Co.,  100 
Diamond  Delico,  109 
Diamond  Gelatin  Co.,  109 
Diamond  Nail  Enamel,  197 
Diet  Milk,  244 
Dioxogen,  140 
Doane,  Nathaniel,  231 
Dodge,   Walter  Luther   &   Co., 

134 
Dole's    Pure    Hawaiian    Pine- 
apple Juice,  23 
Downey,  Jas.  T.  &  Co.,  274 
Downs,  Jean,  134 
Dr.  Pray's  Gloria-Lily  Lotion, 

183 
Dralle,    (Hamburg),   199 
Dried    Beef,    Armour   &    Co.*s, 

150 
Beechnut  Brand,  150 
Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's, 

151 
Drinket,  229 
Dry  Milk  Co.,  244 
Dry  Pits  Lotion,  195 
Dry  Pits  Lotion  Co.,  196 


INDEX 


323 


Duflf,  P.  &  Sons,  170 
Duffy's  Apple  Juice,  21 
Duluth   Superior    Milling   Co., 

82 
Dunbar,  G.  W.  Sons  Co.,  67 
Durkee  &  Co.,  100 
Dwinell-Wright  Co.,  14,  17 

E.  C.  D.  Chemical  Co.,  134 
Eau  de  Cologne  Sea  Salt,  196 
Economy  Food  Products  Co.,  249 
Educator  Toasterettes,  30 
Educator  Water  Crackers,  233 
Edwards,  Elinor  E.,  29 
Eg-Save,  260 
Egg    Noodles,     Skinner    Mfg. 

Co.'s,  253 
Egg  Plums,  239 
Ehman  Olive  Co.,  161 
Eisner  Mendelson  Co.,  23 
Ekenberg  Company,  82 
Elkhorn  Cheese,  275 
Emery  &  Co.,  124 
Empress  Mfg.  Co.,  188 
Emmart  Packing  Co.,  244 
En-ser-ol,  134 

Eskay's  Albimienized  Food,  69 
Espey,  J.  E.,  179 
Evans'  Sons,  Lescher  &  Webb, 

Ltd.,  23,  134 
Evaporated      Milk,      Borden's 
Peerless,  66 

Danish  Prize,  67 

Carnation  Brand,  59 

Our  Pet  Brand,  57 

Swiss,  56 

Van  Camp's,  60 


Every  Woman  Co.,  134 
Every  Woman's  Flesh  Reducer, 

134 
Eye  Cream,  Moras's,  139 
Extract  of  Beef,  Armour's,  62 
Cudahy's,  63 

of  Meat,  Liebig's,  64 
Extracts,  Baker's,  116 

Bee  Brand,  119 

Burnetts,  117 

Colburn's  May  Flower,  118 

Premium   Brand,    119 

Slade's,  121 

Zanol,  262 

exaggerated  claims,  113 

F.  B.  Foronga  Nail  Bleach,  195 
F.    B.    Polpasta  Nail   Enamel, 

195 
Fairbank,  N.  K.  Co.,  148,  211 
Farwell  &  Rhines,  75,  83 
Fay,  C,  179 
Ferris,  F.  A.  &  Co.,  150 
Fig  Newtons,  31 
Figprune,  228 
Figprune  Cereal  Co.,  228 
Figs,   Carque's  California,   127 

Cresca,  128 

Dromedary  Brand,  129 

Health  Brand,  128 
Finnan  Haddie,  123,  264,  265 
Fischer,  B.  &  Co.,   14,  17,  89, 

100 
Fish  Flake,  Davis's,  124 
Burnham  &  Morrill  Co.'s,   123 
Five  Kernels  Food  Co.,  75 
Flavors,  Pitkin's,  120 


324* 


INDEX 


Flavors,  Premiimi  Fruit,  119 
Fleischmann  Co.,  The,  3 
Floridine  Mfg.  Co.,  195,  294 
Flour,  Aristos,  87 

Aunt  Jemima's  Pancake,  82 

Ceresota  Brand,  85 

Duluth  Imperial,  82 

Educator  Brands,  84 

Fountain  Brand,  83 

Franklin  Mills,  83 

Franklin  Pancake,  249 

Gold  Medal,  87 

Golden   Touch   King   Midas, 
86 

Hacker's  Graham,  83 

Hecker's  Self  Raising,  250 

Jireh,  84 

King  Arthur,  86 

Marvel,  251 

Northern  Light  Brand,  85 

Obelisk  Graham,  249 

Occident,  86 

Old  Grist  Mill  Brand,  86 

Pillsbury's,  85 

Priscilla     Prepared     Dough- 
nut, 249 

Purena  Whole  Wheat,  85 

Rye,  250 

Superlative  Self-Raising,  84 

Swans  Down  Prepared,  84 

White  Puff,  250 

Whole  Wheat,  250 
Flours,  adulterants  in,  79 

gluten,  80 

self-rising,  80 
Fluid  En-Ser-Ol,  134 
Foley  &  Co.,  269 


Foot  Powder,  White  Cross,  296 

Foot  Tablets,  131 

Force,  75 

Forest   Home   Farm,   83,    147, 

150 
Formamint  Tablets,  131 
Forquignon  Mfg.  Co.,  195 
Foso  Co.,  291,  304 
Foss,  H.  D.  &  Co.,  36 
Foulds  Milling  Co.,  93 
Fox  River  Butter  Co.,  148 
Franco-American  Food  Co.,  63 
Franco-American  Hygienic  Co., 

180 
Frank,  L.  &  Son,  150,  277 
Frankforts,  Frank's,  278 
Franklin  Mills  Co.,  83,  249 
Fear,  Fred,  100 
Frederick  City  Packing  Co.,  67 
Freeman  Perfume  Co.,  204 
Freihofer's  Vienna  Baking  Co., 

93 
French  Marrons,  260 
Fresno  Home  Packing  Co.,  128 
Frotana  Biscuit,  32 
Fruit  Flavors,  Premium  Brand, 

119 
Fruit  Puddine  Co.,  258 

Gaidry,  Lowell  R.,  100 

Gallinis  Brothers,  236 

Gannon,  E.  M.,  180 

Garlic    Seasoning,    Nasco,    256 

Gauss,  C.  E.,  270 

Gauss     Catarrh     Elixir     and 

Balm,  270 
Geisha  Importing  Co.,  205 


INDEX 


325 


Gelatin,  107-108 
Boston  Crystal,  109 
Chalmers'  Transparent,  109 
Cox's,  109 
Knox's,  111,  260 
Lipton's  Jelly  Tablets,  111 
Minute,  111 
Plymouth  Rock,  112 
Gelle  Fr6res,  199 
General  Chemical  Co.,  225 
General  Purification   Co.,  270 
Genesee  Pure  Food  Co.,  110 
George  Washington  Coffee  Sales 

Co.,  15 
Germicide,  270 
"Get  Slim,"  134 
Gherkins,  161 
Giant  Chemical  Co.,  135 
Gill6,  E.,  180,  189,  204 
Gillet,  Martin  &  Co.,  17 
Ginger   Ale,   Aromatic,   25 
Ginger    Ale,    Blisco    Aromatic, 
231 
Celebrated     Cliquot     Club 

Extra  Dry,  22 
Delatour,   25 
Hywaco,  24 
Ross's  Royal,  25 
Standard,  25 
Tally-Ho,  25 
essence,  119,  120 
Giroux  Mfg.  Co.,  189 
Githens,  Rexsamer  &  Co.,  15 
Glaxo,  241 
Glaxo  Co.,  240 
Glucose  in  Candies,  33 
Glenn's  Sulphur  Soap,  211 


Gluten   Bread,   Remmers'   Dia- 

betiker  loaves,  32 
Gluten  flours,  80,  81 
Golden  Gate  Fruit  Co.,  23 
Gomi,  T.  D.,  206 
Gordon  &  Dilworth,  150,  161 
Gordon-Thorne  Co.,  300 
Gorman  &  Co.,  Inc.,  124 
Gorton  Pew  Fisheries  Co.,  124 
Gorton's  Boneless  Codfish,  124 
Graham  Flour,  249 
Graham,  Mrs.  Gervaise,  181 
Grand  View  Farm  Produce  Co., 

150 
Grape  Capsule  Co.,  135 
Grape  Fruit  Products  Co.,  281 
Grape  Juice,  alcohol  in,  20 

Armour's,  21 

Monticello,  232 

Randall's,  232 

Red  Wing,  25 

Royal  Purple,  232 

Welch's,  25 
Grape  Ola,  231 
Grape  Ola  Co.,  231 
Grape  Nuts,  76 
Grape  Smash  Syrup,  232 
Graves,  Dr.  E.  L.,  307 
Great  Valley  Mills,  246,  249 
Green  Bay  Canning  Co.,  67 
Greenhut-Siegel  Cooper  Co.,  67, 

83,  128 
Griffith-Durney  Co.,  46 
Grove,  E.  W.,  135 
Gumbert,  S.  &  Co.,  3 

Hagan's  Magnolia  Balm,   182 


326 


INDEX 


Hair  Tonic,  Canthrox,  190 

Empress  Improved  Instan- 
taneous Hair  Color  Ee- 
storer,  188 
Foso,  292 

Gill^'s  Spun  Gold,  189 
Hall's   Hair   Renewer,   189 
Hay's  Hair  Health,  190 
Lavona,    191 
Mme.  Seele's  French,  Hair 

Bluing,  190 
Parisian  Sage,  189 
Parker's  Hair  Balsam,  189 
Petrole  Hahn  for  ihe  Hair, 

191 
Pinaud's  Eau  de  Quinine, 

190 
Rexall,  293 
San  Tox,  291 
simple  formula,  187 
Hall,  R.  P.  &  Co.,  189 
Hall  &  Ruckel,  220 
Ham,  Armour's  Star,  277 
Beechnut,  277 
Dairy  Brand,  151 
Ferris's  Our  Trade  Mark,  150 
Forest  Home  Farm,    150 
Frank  &  Son's  Lax,  150 
Jones  Dairy  Farm,  151 
Morris  &  Co.'s  Supreme,  279 
Swift's  Premiimi,  152 
Deviled,    Libby,    McNeill    & 

Libby's,  151 
Underwood's,  152 
Potted,    Richardson    &    Rob- 
bins,  151 
Hamilton,  S.  C,  259 


Hammer,  C,  228 

Hansen's,  Charles,  Laboratory, 

110 
Hanson  &  Jenks  Co.,  200 
Harris,  W.  B.  Co.,  15,  18 
Haserot  Canneries  Co.,  67 
Hawaiian    Pineapple    Products 

Co.,  23 
Pineapple  Co.,  46 
Hay's  Hair  Health,  190 
Headache  Cologne,  269 
Hearns  &  Jones,  170 
Heather — the  Highlands,  284 
Hecker  Cereal  Co.,  83,  250 
H  e  c  k  e  r-Jones- Jewell    Milling 

Co.,  84 
Heide,  Henry,  36 
Heinz,  H.  J.  Co.,  67,  93,  101, 

110,   148,   155,   161,  242, 

245,  255,  281 
Heller,  B.  &  Co.,  262 
Heller-Barnham  Co.,  36 
Helvetia  Milk  Condensing  Co., 

57 
Hemo,  Thompson's,  60 
Herring,  Beale's,  264 
Herring,    Kippered,    Crosse    & 

Blackwell's,  265 
Davis',    124 
Normanna,  266 
Hershey  Chocolate  Co.,  36 
Heyer,  George  W.,  205 
Higgins,  Wm.  H.  &  Co.,  128 
Hills   Brothers    Co.,    128,   148, 

260 
Hills,  Wm.  S.,  250 
Hinds,  A.  S.,  181,  212 


INDEX 


327 


Hinds'     Honey     and     Almond 

Cream  Soap,  212 
Hipolite  Company,  The,  110 

Snow-Mallow,  110 
Hires,  Charles  E.  Co.,  23 

Household  Extract,  23 

Condensed  Milk  Co.,  57 
Hiscox  Chemical  Works,  189 
H.  O.  Company,  75,  250 
Hoenshell  &  Emery,  233,  259 
Hoff,  Johann,  23,  231 
Hoff's  Chocolate  with  Malt  Ex- 
tract and  Iron,  231 
H"olbrook  &  Co.,  101 
Holland  Rusk  Co.,  29 
Holly,  C.  B.  &  Co.,  278 
Hominy,  canned,  70 

Dairy  Maid  Brand,  245 

Emmart's,  244 

Granulated,  77 
Hominy,  White  Rose  Brand,  77 
Honey,  Acme  Brand,  170 

adulterants  in,   169 

Emerson  Brand,  172 

Golden  Tree,  171 

Premier  Brand,  170 

Roots,  285 
Honolulu  Fruit  Products  Co., 

232 
Hopewell  Dainties,  36 
Horlick's  Malted  Milk  Co.,  57 
Hormel,  G.  A.  &  Co.,  151,  278 
Hornby's  Oatmeal,  75 
Houston  Packing  Co.,  151 
Howard,  J.  F.,  101 
Hoyt,  W.  M.  Co.,  63 
Hoyt's  *'Sweetina,"  141 


Hubert,  Prof.,  181 
Hudnut,  Richard,  200,  205,  212 
Hulled  Corn,  Van  Camp's,  70 
Humbert  &  Andrews,  161,  170 
Hunt  Brothers,  46 
Huyler's,  8,  36 

Hyde  Cleaner  and  Moth  Exter- 
minator Co.,  305 
Hygeia  Distilled  Water  Co..,  24 
Hygienic  Food  Co.,  76 
Hydrox-Chemical  Co.,   135 
Hydrox  Hydrogen  Peroxide,  135 
Hydroxyl-Free   Cod  Liver   Oil, 
138 

Icing  and  Filling,  Ready  Mixt, 

257 
Icing  and  Topping,  Mallo,  261 
Igleheart  Brothers,  84 
Illinois  Canning  Co.,  63 
Imperatrix  Co.,  181 
Imperial  Granum  Co.,  57 
India  Relish,  Heinz's,  255 
Infant's  Food,  48-51 

Eskay's  Albumenized  Food, 
59 

Imperial   Granum,   57 

Glaxo,  241 

Mead's   Dextri-Maltose,   68 

Mellin's  Food,  59 

Nestl6's  Food,  69 

Patch's  Powdered  Sugar  of 
Milk,  59 

Ramogen,  240 

Taroena,  241 
Ingram,  F.  F.  Co.,  286,  300 
International  Laboratories,  270 


328 


INDEX 


Invert  Sugar,  164 

Italian  Importing  Co.,  280 

Ivins',  J.  S.,  Sons,  29 

Jad  Brand  Salts,  136 
Jad  Salts  Co.,  136 
Jams,  159,  160,  161,  282 
Jaques  Mfg.  Co.,  4 
Jeflferson  Pickle  Co.,  161 
Jellies,  159,  160,  161,  162 
Jelly,  Beach  Plum,  281 
Crabapple,  282 
Mint,  282 
Jello  Lemon,  110 
Jennings    Company,    200,    292, 

297 
Jergens,  Andrew  Co.,  212 
Jireh  Diabetic  Food  Co.,  29,  76, 

84,  93 
Johann  Hoff's  Malt  Extract,  23 
Johnson,  B.  J.  Soap  Co.,  181, 

190,  212 
Johnson  Educator  Food  Co.,  29, 

84,  233 
Johnson   &   Johnson,   213 
Johnston,      ( Milwaukee ) ,      37, 

236 
Jones',  Alfred,  Sons,  265 
Jones  Dairy  Farm,  148,  157 
Junket  tablets,  110 

Kaflfee  Hag,  229 
Kaflfee  Hag  Corporation,  229 
Kaiser  Jagd  Wurst,  278 
Karo,  170 

Ketchup,  Curtice  Brothers',  100 
Olney  Canning  Co.'s,  103 


Keeler,  Charles  C,  182 

Kellogg  Food  Co.,  15,  251 
Toasted  Corn  Flake  Co.,  76, 
251 

Kellogg,  W.  K.,  229 

Keen,  Robinson  &  Co.,  245 

Kent,  Chester  &  Co.,  271 

Kewpie  Kandies,   38 

Kibbee  Brothers  Co.,  235 

Kidd,  Mrs.  E.  G.,  161,  282 

Kidney  Beans,  canned,  68 

Kimball,  Lucile,  136 

Kimball  &  Marxsen  Rice  Prod- 
ucts Co.,  89 

Kindolac,  244 

Kinox,  137 

Kinox  Company,  137 

Kippered  Herring,  Davis's,  124 

Kirk,  James  S.  Co.,  206,  213 

Klein's   (Budapest),  213 

Klim,  58 

Kneipp  Malt  Food  Co.,  15 

Knorr,  C.  H.,  63 

Knox,  Charles  B.  Co.,  Ill,  260 

Knox-Crutchfield,  85 

Koenig  &  Schuster,  68,  101,  129 

Kohler,    Peter    Cailler,    Swiss 
Chocolates  Co.,  8 

Koiner  Mills,  251 

Kolynos  Co.,  221 

Kornol,  132 

Kosmeo,   181 

Kraft,  J.  L.  &  Bros.  Co.,  275 

Kream  Ktisp,  274 

"Lady  Betty,"  260,  282 
Lambert  Pharmacal  Co.,  137 


INDEX 


329 


Lamb's  Tongues,  Derby  Brand, 

150 
Landshut,  Karl,  137 
Lanman  &  Kemp,  200 
Lanning,  Wm.  &  Son,  47 
Lapp  &  Co.,  241 
Lard,  Armour's  "Simon  Pure," 

147 
Forest  Home  Farm,  147 
Jones  Dairy  Farm,  148 
Silver-Leaf  Brand,  148 
LaValliere  Co.,  286 
Lavona   (Hair  Tonic),  191 
Lavoris  Chemical  Co.,  221 
Lavox  Co.,  The,  190 
Laxative       Bromo-Quinine, 

135 
Lazell,  200 
Lea  &  Perrins,  101 
Lee,  George  H.  Co.,  292 
Leggett,  Francis  H.  &  Co.,  47, 

68,  89,  161,  170,  255 
Lehn  &  Fink,  137,  205,  221 
Lemon  Extract,  116,  117,  118, 

119,  120,  121,  262,  263 
Lemos,  Brooke's,  21 
Lemon  Soda,  24 

Snaps,  32 
Lentils,  canned,  69 
Leslie-Durham  &  Co.,  171 
Lester,  Francis  E.  Co.,  255 
Lever  Brothers  Co.,  213 
Levering  Coffee  Co.,  15 
Levy,  Ben.  Co.,  205 
Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby,  47,  68, 

64,  68,  101,  151,  155,  161, 

239,  245,  278 


Liebig's  Extract  of  Meat  Co., 

64 
Lillian  Russell's  Lip  Stick,  294 
Lillian    Russell's    Own    Toilet 

Preparations,    287,    294, 

300 
Lillian   Russell's   Rejuvenating 

Powder,  295 
Lilly,  Eli  &  Co.,  213 
Lima  Beans,  canned,  66,  68,  70 
Lime-Fruit   Juice,    Montserrat, 

23 
Lime  Juice,  Rose's  Pure  West 

Indian,  25 
Lipton,  18,  111,  229 
Liss,  George  &  Co.,  68,  124 
Listerine,  137 
Listman  Mill  Co.,  251 
Listogen  Antiseptic,  267 
Lobster,  Beale's,  264 

Machias  Bay,  265 
Loganberries,        Del        Monte 

Brand,  45 
Pheasant  Brand,  129 
Loganberry     Juice,     Pheasant 

Brand,  232 
Lockyer  &  Co.,  15 
Loose-Wiles  Biscuit  Co.,  30,  37, 

233 
Lord  Brothers  Co.,  124 
Los  Angeles  Canning  Co.,  266 
Lotus  Nail  Enamel,  295 
Louisenbad  Reduction  Salt,  137 
Love,  J.  S.,  171 
Lowney,  Walter  M.  Co.,  8,  37, 

236 
Luden,  W.  H.,  137 


S30 


INDEX 


Lustrite  Cuticle  Remedies,  294 
Lustr-ite  Nail  Enamel,  195 
Luxor  Bath  Powder,  194 

Tooth  Paste,  219 
Lyon,  I.  W.  &  Sons,  221 
Lyon  Mfg.  Co.,  182 
Lysol,  137 

McCormick  &  Co.,  118 
McCuUough,  Geo.  B.  Co.,  292 
M  c  F  a  d  d  e  n-Wiess-Kyle    Rice 

Milling  Co.,  89 
Mcllhenny  Co.,  68 
Mellhenny,  E.,  101 
McKesson  &  Bobbins,  222 
McMechen  Preserving  Co.,  102 
McMenamin  &  Co.,  124 
McMonagle  &  Rogers,  119 
McMurdo,  A.  E.,  232 
Macaroni,  food  qualities,  91 

Freihofer's  Egg,  93 

Fould's,  93 

Golden  Egg  Brand,  93 
Jireh's,  93 

Skinner  Mfg.  Co.'s,  253 

Woodcock's,  94 
Mackerel,  Davis's,  124 

Normanna  Brand,  266 
Madame  Yale's  Skin  Food,  176 
Magda  Co.,  287 
Magique  Co.,  295 
Maillard,  Henry,  8 
Maillards,  37,  237 
Mallo  Icing  and  Topping,  261 
Malt   Extract,   Johann    Hoff's, 
23 
Wyeth's  Liquid,  25 


Malt  Nutrine,  21 
Malted  Breakfast  Food,  247 
Malted  Cereals  Co.,  247 
Malted  Milk,  A.  D.  S.,  55 
Borden's,  67 
Horlick's,  58 
Thompson's,  60 
Mansfield     Laboratories,     Inc., 

234 
Manufacturing  Co.  of  America, 

37 
Maple  Syrup,  Leslie's,  171 
Log  Cabin,  172 
mixtures,  167 
Old  Manse  Brand,  284 
Pride     of     the     Ad-i-ron- 

dacks,  169 
Vermont,  172,  284 
Vermont  Maple  Sap,  171 
Mapleine,  Crescent,  118 
Mapl-Flake,  76 
Marietta  Stanley  Co.,  182 
Marinello  Company,  206 
Marmalade,  160,  161,  162,  281, 

282 
Marshall  Canning  Co.,  60,  245 
Marshmallow     Cr6me,     Snow- 
flake,  258 
Three  Miller's,  261 
Whip,  Whitman's  112 
Marshmallows,  Angelus,  39 

Heide's,  36 
Martindale,  Thomas  &  Co.,  138 
Marzahl,  W.,  102 
Maspero,  C,  Inc.,  155 
Maul  Brothers,  94 
Mayer,  Alfred,  37 


INDEX 


331 


Mead,  Johnson  &  Co.,  58 
Meat,    Potted,   Libby,   McNeill 

&  Libby's,  151 
Meat  Wurat,  Frank's,  278 
Meats,    dried,    adulterants    in, 

149 
Medical  Formula  Co.,  138 
Mellin's  Food  Co.,  59 
Mennen,  Gerhard  Chemical  Co., 

206 
Menthol  Cough  Drops,  137 
Mentholated  Vaseline,  133 
Mentholatum,    138 
Mentholatum  Company,  138 
Mentoni  Co.,  The,  155 
Merck  &  Co.,  15,  138 
Merrell  Soule  Co.,  58,  111,  227 
Mexican  Products  Co.,  229 
Mexican  Coffee  Tablets,  229 
Middendorf  &  Rohrs,  68 
Migliore,  J.,  280 
Milcoco,  227 
Milk,  Condensed,  Aurora,  65 

Bear  Brand,  240 

Dry  Milk  Co's,  244 

Gail  Borden  Eagle  Brand, 
56 

Carnation  Brand,  59 

Hires,  57 

Lapp  &  Co.'s  Swiss,  241 

Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's, 
58 

Sweet  Clover  Brand,  59 

Swiss,  55 
Evaporated,    Borden's    Peer- 
less, 56 

Danish  Prize,  57 


Milk,     Evaporated,     Our     Pet 
Brand,  57 
St.  Charles  Brand,  66 
Swiss,  56 
Van  Camp's,  60 
Malted,  A.  D.  S.,  55 
Borden's,  56 
Horlick's,  58 
Thompson's,  60 
official  standard,  52 
substitute,  Klim,  59 
Sugar  of,  Patch's,  59 
Mince  Meat,  Gold  Medal,  110 
Lady  Betty,  260 
None  Such,  111 
Mint  Jelly,  282 
Mints,  U-All-No,  37 

Wadsworth's,  39 
Minute  Tapioca  Co.,  Ill 
Mohawk    Condensed   Milk   Co., 
59 
Valley  Cider  Co.,  102 
Molasses,  170,  171,  284,  285 

and  syrups,  165 
Moller,  Peter,  138 
Monroe  Cheese  Co.,  275 
Monroe  Co.,  230 
Monte   Candy   Shop,   237 
Monte  Fudge  Chocolates,  237 
Montserrat    Lime-Fruit    Juice, 

23 
Moras,  Dr.  E.  R.,  139 
Morehouse  Mills,  102,  148,  162 
Morgan's,  Enoch,  Sons  Co.,  213 
Morris  &  Co.,  148,  278 
Morton  Salt  Co.,  255 
Mounier,  Ernest,  288 


SS2 


INDEX 


Moxley,  Wm.  J.,  275 
Moxie  Co.,  24 
Mueller,  C.  F.  Co.,  94 
MUhlens  &  Kropflf,  195,  214 
Mum    (Deodorant),   196 
Mum  Mfg.  Co.,  196 
Murray,  Joseph  T.,  196 
Mushroom  fcJauce,  254 
Mushrooms,  canned,  66 
Mustard,  98,  102,  105,  255 
Musterole,  139 

Company,  Inc.,  139 

Nabisco,  32 

Nadinola  Skin  Purifier,  288 
Nail  Cleanser,  Supreme,  296 
Napoleon  Pharmacal  Co.,  206 
National  Biscuit  Co.,  31,  234 

Candy  Co.,  38 

Canners'  Association,  43 

Oats  Co.,  76 

Onion  Salt  Co.,  102,  255 

Pure  Food  Co.,  65 

Starch  Co.,  Ill 

Toilet  Co.,  288,  301 

Wafer  Co.,  237 

White    Cross    League,    301, 
307 
Native  Herbs,  132 
Nesnah  Desserts,  110 
Nestle,  Henri,  59 
New     England     Confectionery 
Co.,  38 
Laboratory  Co.,  307 
Maple  Syrup  Co.,  102,  171 
New  Skin,  140 

Company,  140 


Nikola  Bathing  Compound  and 
Weight  Reducer,  140 

Chemical  Co.,  140 
North  Maine  Packing  Co.,  69 
Northern  Light  Milling  Co.,  85 
North  western      Consolidated 

Milling  Co.,  85 
Nosco  Celery  Seasoning,  255 

Garlic  Seasoning,  256 
Nugatines,  Huyler's,  36 

Lowney's,  37 

Park  &  Tilford's,  38 
Nujol,  273 

Nimisen,  Wm.  &  Sons,  69 
Nunnally   (Atlanta,  Ga.),  38 
Nut  Cracker  Jack,  39 
Nut    Cream    Butter,    Carque*8, 

147 
Nutmeg  Flavor,  119 

O.  T.  Limited,  24 
Oakland  Chemical  Co.,  140 
Oatmeal,  Hornby's,  75 
Oats,  Cracked,  246 

Purity,  247 

Quaker,  77 

Scott's  Porage,  247 
Obelisk  Graham  Flour,  249 

Sanitary  Bran,  249 
Obesity  Remedy,  136 
Odor-0-No,  196 
Odorono  Co.,  196 
Oelrich  &  Berry  Co.,  284 
Oil  Products  Co.,  Inc.,  272 
Okra,  canned,  67,  68 
Oleomargarine,  145 

Baby  Brand,  147 


INDEX 


333 


Oleomargarine,    Downey's    De- 
light, 274 

Marigold,  148 

Moxley's  Gold  Seal,  275 

Moxley's  Special,  275 

Sweet  Marie,  274 

Swift's  Jersey  Brand,  148 

Swift's  Premium  Brand,  148 

Olive  Oil,  Adulterants  in,  154, 

153 

Grapes,   135 

Olive   Oils,    154,   155,   156,  280 

Olives,   California  Ehman,   161 

Carque's  California,  127 

Del  Monte  Brand,  281 

Queen,  161 

Spanish  Queen,  281 
Olney,   Burt,  Packing  Co.,   69, 

103,  162 
Olmsted,  Allen  S.,  140 
Ongoline,  197 
Onion  Extract,  116,  119 

Salt,  99,  102 

Sauce,  Anderco,  254 
Onions,  Pickled,  281 
Orangeade,  23 

Extract,   116,   118,   119,  262, 
263 
Oregon  Fruit  Co.,  232 
Orona  Mfg.  Co.,  305 
Oriental     Manicure     Specialty 

Co.,  295 
Oscar's  Sauce,  98 
Ovite,  111 
Ovite  Mfg.  Co.,  Ill 
Ox  Tongue,  Libby's,  278 
Pabst  Brewing  Co.,  232 


Pabst  Extract,  232 

Pacific  Coast  Condensed  Milk 

Co.,  59 
Package  Confectionery  Co.,  237 
Packer  Mfg.  Co.,  214,  305 
Pakatin-Biscuit,  30 
Palisade     Manufacturing     Co., 

103 
Pamunkey  Mills  Old  Virginia 

Cornmeal,  85 
Panama  Banana  Fruit  Co.,  16 
Pancake  Flour,  Aunt  Jemima's 
Brand,  82 
Franklin,  249 
H.  O.  Buckwheat,  250 
Uncle  Jerry,  251 
Teco  Brand,  82 
Paris  Medicine  Co.,  135 
Park  &  Tilford,  38,  171,  238 
Parker's  Hair  Balsam,  189 
Parmelee  Mfg.  Co.,  260 
Parmint,  270 
Patch,  The  E.  L.  Co.,  59 
Pat6s  de  Foies  Gras,  150 
Peabody,  Henry  W.,  125 
Peach  Flavor,  117,  119 
Peaches,  Del  Monte  Brand,  45 
Cape  Cod,  239 
Evaporated,  127,  128 
Hunt  Brothers,  46 
Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's,  47 
Eichelieu,  239 
Peanut  Butters,  146 

Beechnut  Brand,  147 
Heinz's,  148 
Mrs.  Morehouse's,  148 
Nut-Let,  147 


334 


INDEX 


Peanut  Oil,  Delft,  280 
Pears,  A.  F.,  Ltd.,  214 
Del  Monte  Brand,  46 
Evaporated,  128 
Hunt  Brothers,  46 
Libby,    McNeill    &    Libby's, 

47 
Silver  Lake  Brand,  47 
Troubadour  Brand,  46 
Peas,  canned,  66,  67,  68,  69,  70, 

244,  246 
Peck  Bros.  &  Winch,  230 
Peconut  Crisp,  238 
Penick  &  Ford,  171,  285 
Peninsular  Chemical  Co.,  288, 

297,  301,  306,  308 
Penslar  Face  Creams,  288 
Pepper,  99,  100,  104 
Pepper,  Dr.  Co.,  24 
Pepper    Sauce,    Tabasco,    100, 

101 
Peppermint  Essence,  119,  121 
Peppermint  Lariot,  238 
Peptonized    Food,    Thompson's, 

60 
Peredixo  Cream,  177 
Perfumes,  199,  200,  201,  297 
Peter     Cailler     Kohler     Swiss 

Chocolates  Co.,  8,  38 
Peterson,  H.  S.  &  Co.,  190 
Phillips,  Charles  H.,  Chemical 

Co.,  8 
Phillips  Packing  Co.,  69 
Philo  Hay  Specialties  Co.,  190 
Piccalilli,  281,  282 
Pickles,  160,  161,  281,  282 
Pickman,  P.  G.  &  Bros.,  227 


Pierce,  S.  S.  Co.,  25 

Pike's      Universal      Toothache 

Drops,  133 
Pillsbury  Flour  Mills  Co.,  85, 

252 
Pin  Money  Pickles,  282 
Pinaud,  Ed.,  190,  200 
Pineapple,    Del    Monte    Brand, 
45 
extract,  116,  117,  119 
Hawaiian     Sliced,     Paradise 
Island  Brand,  46 
Juice,  23 
Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's,  47 
Pineapple  Juice,  Clark's,  232 

Dole's  Pure  Hawaiian,  23 
Pineapple  Marmalade,  160 
Pistachio   Flavor,    116,    117 
Pistachios,  159 
Pitkin,  J.  M.  &  Co.,  120 
Piver,  L.  T.,  295,  297,  302 
Pixoap  Works,  306 
Plexo  Preparations,   Inc.,   183, 

206 
Plum  Pudding,  Alredie  Brand, 
257 
Beale's  English,  257 
Heinz,  110 
Old  English,  259 
Plums,  canned,  162 
Del  Monte  Brand,  46 
Egg,  239 

Troubadour  Brand,  46 
Piatt,  Henry  B.,  272 
Piatt's  Chlorides,  272 
Plymouth    Rock    Gelatin    Co., 
112 


INDEX 


335 


Pompeian  Company,  156 
Mfg.  Co.,  183,  289 
Massage  Cream,  183 
Pond,  E.  K.  Packing  Co.,  151 
Pond's  Extract,  140 
Pond's  Extract   Co.,    140,   183, 

308 
Pork  and  Beans,  canned,  67,  68, 

70,  243,  245 
Porto  Rico  Trading  Co.,  Inc., 

16 
Post  Toasties,  76 
Postum  Cereal  Co.,  16,  76 
Potter   Drug  &  Chemical  Co., 

141,  214 
Potter  &  Wrightington,  16,  86 
Poultry  Seasoning,  98,  99 
Powell's  (New  York),  38 
Pozzoni,  J.  A.  Pharmacal  Co., 

206 
Pozzoni's  Gold  Puff  Box,  206 
Pratt-Low       Preserving      Co., 

162 
Pray,  Dr.  J.  Parker,  183,  197, 

207 
Premium  Fruit  Flavors,  119 
Preserves,  159,  160,  161,  162 

adulterants  in,  157 
Price  Baking  Powder  Co.,  4 
Price    Flavoring    Extract    Co., 

120 
Priscilla  Parsons  Perspiration 

Preventative,   194 
Pritchard,  E.,   103 
Proctor  &  Gamble  Co.,  149,  214 
Prophytol  Antiseptic  Solution, 

272 


Prophytol   Products   Co.,   272, 

308 
Puddine,  258 

Pudding,  Plum,  110,  257,  259 
Pudding,  Ready  Mixt,  257 
Pumpkin,  canned,  69 
Pura  Mfg.  Co.,  184,  207 
Pure  Gluten  Food  Co.,  141 
Pure  Wheat  Products,  83 
Purina  Mills,  85 
Puritan  Fruit  Products  Co.,  25 
Purity  Oats  Co.,  247 
Pyro  Chemical  Co.,  222 
I^odentor,  222 

Quaker  Oats  Co.,  77,  247 

Puffed  Rice,  77 

Puffed  Wheat,  77 

Corn  Puffs,  247 
Quimby,  W.  S.  Co.,  16,  18 
Quince  Jam,  160 

Rabb,  Charles,  103 
Racarma,  289,  298 
Rae,  S.  &  Co.,  156 
Raffeto,  G.  B.,  260 
Raisins,  Berry  Brand,  128 

Blue  Ribbon  Brand,  128 

Cresca,  128 

Del  Monte  Brand,  127 

Golden  West  Brand,   128 

Ideal  "Not-a-Seed,"  127 

Princess  Brand,  129 

Royal  Scarlet,  129 

White  Rose  California,  129 
Ralston  Purina  Co.,  77 
Ramogen,  240 


336 


INDEX 


Randall  Grape  Juice  Co.,  232 
Raspberries,  Williamson  Brand, 

46 
Raspberry  Extract,  116,  117 
Raw  Food,  Tyler's,  78 
Ready  Mixt  Custard  Pudding, 
257 
Icing  and  Filling,  257 
Remmers,  214 
Remmers,  B.  &  Sons,  32 
Resinol  Soap  Co,  215 
Rex  Wrinkle  Pencil,  184 
Rexall  Tooth  Powder,  223 
Rheinstorm  Brothers,  239 
Rice,  Apex  Brand,  89 

Carque's  Natural  Whole,  89 

Comet  Brand,  90 

Great  Valley  Brown,  250 

Hotel  Astor,  89 

Leggett's  Natural  Brown,  89 

White  Swan  Granulated,  89 
Rich,  E.  C,  112 

Richardson  &  Robbins,  65,  151 
Ricinol  Grape,  135 
Ridgeway  House,  230 
Ridgewood  Orchard,  282 
Rieger,  the  California  Perfum- 
er, 200 
Ritter  Conserve  Co.,  103 
Robertson    Preserve    Co.,    The 

James,  162 
Roessler  &  Hasslacher   Chemi- 
cal Co.,  215 
Roger  &  Gallet,  200,  215 
Roman  Meal,  85 

Meal  Co.,  85 
Root,  A.  I.  Co.,  285 


Rosaline,  197 

Rose  Flavor,  118,  119,  120,  121 

L.  &  Co.,  25 

Petal    Wrinkle    Cream    Co., 
184 
Ross,  W.  A.  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  25 
Royal  Baking  Powder,  4 

Black  Fruit  Cake,  233 

Lunch,  32 

Mfg.  Co.,  184 

Olvules,  138 

Specialty  Co.,  65 

Tooth  Powder,  219 
Rueckheim    Bros.    &    Eckstein, 

39,  141 
Rumford  Chemical  Works,  4 
Rusks,  Holland,  29 

Jireh  Diatetic,  29 
Russell-Miller  Co.,  86 
Rye  Flour,  250 

S.  &  S.  Co.,  279,  282 
Sachets,  Azurea,  295 
Salad    Dressings,     adulterants 
in,  96 
Durkee's,  100 
Howard's,  101 
Mrs.    Morehouse's    Cream 

Brand,  102 
My  Wife's,  100 
Premier,  255 
Yacht  Club,  105 
Salada  Tea  Co.,  18 
Saleratus,  Slade's,  4 
Salmon,  Clover  Leaf,  265 
High  wood  Brand,  124 
Red  Heart  Brand,  124 


INDEX 


337. 


Salmon,  Royal  Scarlet,  125 
Salt,  Ivory  Shaker,  105 
Morton's  Free  Running,  255 

Shaker  Table,   100 
Saltine  Biscuits,  32 
Sam  Katz  Company,   141 

Oxygen  Treatment  for  Ca- 
tarrh, 141 
San  Tox  Boro-Thymol,  269 

Carbolized     Witch     Hazel 
Salve,  269 
Sands,  Taylor  &  Wood  Co.,  86 
Sandwich,  cheese,  31 
Sanitol     Chemical    Laboratory 

Co.,  223 
Sardines,  California,  123 

Carnival,   264 

Emery  &  Co.'s  deviled,  124 

Normanna,  266 

Salome  Brand,  123 

Skipper,  125 

Yacht  Club,  264 
Sargol,  142 
Sargol  Company,  142 
Sarsaparilla,  Hywaco,  24 

Tally-Ho,  25 
Sartoin,  175 
Sasso,  P.  &  Figli,  273 
Sasso's  Emulsion,  273 
Sasso's  Medicinal  Olive  Oil,  273 
Sauce,  Anchovy,  254 

China  Soy,  254 

Chutney,  254 

Mushroom,  254 

Walnut  Catsup,  254 

Worcestershire,  101,  254 
Sauer,  C.  F.  Co.,  120,  262 


Sauer  Kraut,  canned,  68 

Sausage,  Deerfoot  Farm,  277 
Forest  Home  Farm,  150 
Frank  &  Sons,  150,  277 
Grand  View   Farm  Produce 

Co.'s,  150 
Hormel's,  278 
Jones  Dairy  Farm,  151 

Saute  Products  Corp.,  275 

Sawtay,  275 

Saxo  Salve,  271 

Schieflfelin  &  Co.,  65,  138 

Schorn  &  Brower,  230 

Schraflft's  (New  York),  39 

Schuyler,  A.  C,  25 

Scott,  A.  &  R.,  247 

Scrapple,   Forest   Home   Farm, 
150 
Liberty  Brand,  279 

Sea  Beach  Packing  Works,  125 

Seaboard  Rice  Milling  Co.,  77, 
90 

Seaman  Brothers,  69,  77,  129 

Seele-Thompson  Co.,  190 

Sel  Amaigrissant,  133 

"Sempre  Giovine,"  182 

Shac   (Headache  Cure),  143 

Shampoo,  A.  D.  S.  Liquid,  188 
Canthrox,  190 
Dorothy  Vernon,  292 
Foso  Foam,  291 
Gill6's  Spun  Gold,  189 
Johnson's  Palm-Olive,  190 
Lavox,  190 
Lee's  Liquid,  290 
Mulsified  Cocoanut  Oil,  293 
Royal  Olive  Powder,  292 


338 


INDEX 


Shampoo,  Stem's  Liquid,  292 

Swedish  Hair  Powder,  192 

Ward's  Dandru-Cide,  192 

Vioma,  293 

Powders,  adulterants  in,  187 
Shane  Brothers  &  Wilson  Co., 

86 
Shaving  Cream,  San  Tox,  286 
Sheboygan  Mineral  Water  Co., 

25 
Sheffield  Dentifrice  Co.,  223 
Sherer-Gillett  Co.,  263 
Shredded  Wheat  Co.,  77 
Shrimp,  Davis's,  124 
Shure-Whip,  261 
Sills,  John  S.  &  Sons,  70 
Simon,  J.,  184 
Skin  Food,  180,  181 
Skinner  Mfg.  Co.,  253 
Slade,  D.  L.  &  Co.,  4,  104,  121 
Smith,  B.  D.,  261 
Smith,   J.    Hungerford,    Grape 

Juice  Co.,  232 
Smith,  Kline  &  French,  69 
Snaparoons,  234 
Snider,    T.    A.,   Preserves   Co., 

106,  245 
Soap,  A.  D.  S.  Improved  Foot, 
210 

A.  D.  S.  Kurakutic,  210 

Carnation,  306 

Cashmere  Bouquet,  211 

Colgate's  Heliotrope,  211 

Cuticura,  214 

Fairy,  211 

Forget-me-not,  306 

Foso,  291 


Soap,  Glenn's  Sulphur,  211 
H.  and  H,  Cleaner,  305 
Hand  Sapolio,  213 
Hind's  Honey     and   Almond 

Cream,  212 
Hudnut's  Violet  Sec,  212 
Ivory^  214 
Jap-Rose,  213 
Jergen's     Violet     Glycerine, 

212 
Jersey  Cream,  306 
Johnson's  Palm  Olive,  212 
Klein's  Glycerin,  213 
Lifebuoy  Health,  213 
Lilac  Toilet,  306 
Lilly's  Liquid,  213 
Olivilo,  215 
Orona  Lily  Cream,  305 
Packer's  Liquid  Tar,  305 
Packer's  Tar,  214 
Pears,  214 

Perfect  Cold  Cream,  304 
Peroxide  Zinc,  215 
Pixoap  Tar,  306 
Remmer's  Peroxide,  214 
Resinol,  215 

Savon  de  Toilette  Luxor,  211 
Savon  Sylvodora,  306 
Savon  Violette,  215 
Sop-o-zon,  304 
Suprema  Violet,  306 
Synol,  213 
Vaseline,  304 

White  Rose  Glycerin,  214 
Williams',  306 
Woodbury's  Facial,  212 
Zap,  211 


INDEX 


339 


Soaps,  cleansing  power,  209 
Society  Alsacienne  D' Alimenta- 
tion, 238 
Soft  drinks,  impurities  of,  19 
Soups,    Condensed,    Richardson 
&  Bobbin's,  65 
Campbell's,  62,  242 
Franco-American,  63 
Heinz's,  242 
Knorr's,  63 
Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby's, 

64 
Puro  Brands,  65 
W.  C.  Beale  Fish  Co.'s,  242 
Yours  Truly,  63 
Southern   California  Fish   Co., 
125 
Cotton  Oil  Co.,  156 
Mfg.  Co.,  225 
Southwestern  Milling  Co.,  87 
Sozodont  Tooth  Paste,  220 
Spaghetti,  Faust  Brand,  94 
Fould's,  93 
food  qualities,  91 
Heinz  canned,  93 
Mueller's,  94 
Skinner  Mfg.  Co.'s,  253 
Uncle  Sam,  253 
Van  Camp's  canned,  94 
Spencer  Kellogg  &  Sons,  143 
Spices,  98 

Colburn's,  98,  99 
Fischer  &  Co.'s,  100 
Slade's,  104 
Stickney  &  Poor's,  105 
Spinach,  canned,  66,  67,  68,  69, 
70,  71 


Sponge  Lady  Fingers,  32 
Sprague,    Warner    &    Co.,    16, 

105,  239,  245 
Squire,  John  P.  &  Co.,  279 
Stafford-Miller  Co.,  207 
Standard    Bottling   &   Extract 

Co.,  25 
Standard  Oil  Co.,  273 
Stearns,  Frederick  &  Co.,  143 
Steero  Bouillon  Cubes,  65 
Stein,  M.,  Cosmetic  Co.,  289 
Stenzie,  197 
Stenzie  Mfg.  Co.,  197 
Sterizol  (Antiseptic),  143 
Sterizol  Sales  Co.,  143 
Stern  &  Saalberg,  238 
Sterns,  Detroit,  289,  292,  296, 

302,  306 
Stewart,  R.  N.  Co.,  129 
Stickney  &  Poor  Spice  Co.,  105, 

121 
Stillman's  Freckle  Cream  Co., 

185 
StoUwerck  Brothers,  Inc.,  9 
Strawberries,     Boyle's    Victory 

Brand,  45 
Strawberry   Extract,   116,   117, 

120,  263 
String   Beans,   canned,   66,   67, 

69,  70 
Stromeyer,  J.  &  Co.,  172 
Succotash,  canned,  67,  69,  243 
Suchard  (Switzerland),  39 
Sugar,  cane  and  beet,  163 
Crystal  Domino,  169 
invert,  164 
Sugar  of  Milk,  Patch's,  59 


340 


INDEX 


Sulpho-Napthol,  143 
Sulpho-Napthol  Co.,  143 
Sunshine  Biscuit,  Wafers,  etc., 
30,  31 

Golden  Flakes,  233 
Supreme  Nail  Cleanser,  296 
Sutol  Rouge,  296 
Swans   Down   Cracked   Wheat, 

84 
Swedish  Hair  Powder,  191 
"Sweetina,"  Hoyt's,  141 
Swift  &  Co.,  148,  152,  279 
Syrup,  Crystal  Domino,  169 

Park  &  Tilford's  Amber,  171 

Penn  Mar  Brand,  172 

Velva  Brand,  171 
Syrups,  adulterants  in,  167 

and  molasses,  165 

Tabasco    Pepper    Sauce,    Gai- 
dry's,   100 

Mcllhenny's,  101 
Takoma  Biscuit,  31 
Talcum  Puflf  Co.,  302 
Tapioca,  Instantaneous,  109 

Minute,  111 

New  Process  Hasty,  10^ 
Taroena,  241 
Taroena  Food  Co.,  241 
Tea,  Ceylon  Indian  Blend,  230 

Dalmoy  Blend,  17 

Golden  Dome  Orange  Pekoe, 
18 

Hotel  Astor,  17 

House  of  Lords  Ceylon,  17 

Jimo  Mat6  Paraguayan,  17 

Lipton's,  18 


Tea,  London  Blend  Brand,  17 
Magic  Cup  Soluble,  17 
"My  Own"  Blend,  18 
Ridgeway's,  230 
Royal  Garden,  228 
Royal  Stag,  18 
Salada,  18 
Sa-Sa-Ma  Brand,   17 
Standard  HE-NO,  17 
Tetley's,  18 

White  House  Brand  Orange 
Pekoe,  17 
Tebbetts     &     Garland     Store, 

230 
Teco    Brand     Buckwheat     and 

other  Flours,  83 
Tetley,  Joseph  &  Co.,  18 
Tetlow,  Henry,  207 
Theobromin  in  chocolate,  5 
Three  Millers  Co.,  261 
Thompson's  Hemo,  60 
Food  Peptonized,  60 
Thompson's  Malted   Food   Co., 
60 
Malted  Milk,  60 
Tildesley  &  Co.,  105 

Tiz,  134 
Toasterettes,  Educator,  30 
Toilet  Powder,   A.   D.   S.,   Ma- 
jestic Lilac  Talc,  203 
Air  Float,  302 
Armour's,  203 
Baby  Talc,  299 
Baby  Bunting,  300 
Carmen  Complexion,  207 
Cashmere  Bouquet,  299 
Casma  Talcum,  204 


INDEX 


34!l 


Toilet  Powder,  Colgate's  Violet 

Talcum,  204 
Corylopsis,  299 
Dactylis,  299 
Debutante,  300 
Dr.  Pray's  Hy-Gen-ia,  207 
Eclat,  299 

Elcaya  Rice  Powder,  204 
Freeman's    Medicated,   204 
Geisha,  208 
Gill6's,  204 

Heyer's  Prickly  Heat  Pow- 
der, 205 
Hudnut's  Violet  Sec,  205 
Hymettus  Rose-Violet,  207 
Ingram's  Velveola,  300 
Jap-Rose  Talciun,  205 
Kutch     Sandalwood,     208, 

303 
La  Blanche,  205 
La  Tosca  Rose,  303 
Lillian     Russell's     Purity, 

300 
Marinello,  206 
Mennen's,  206 
Nadine,  301 
Napoleon      Lilac    Aseptic, 

206 
No-Talc,  299 
Oriental  Wistaria  Talcum, 

205 
Penslar,  301 

Plexo  Evening  White,  206 
Poudre  de  Riz,  301 
Poudre  de  Riz,  Azurea,  302 
Pozzoni's   Gold   Puff    Box, 

206 


Toilet   Powder,   Priscilla   Par- 
sons Face  Powder,  203 
Riveris  Talcum,  205 
Royal  Violet,  203 
San  Toy  Talcum,  208 
San  Tox,  300 
Suprema,   302 
Tetlow's  Superb  Gossamer, 

207 
Velveton  Complexion  Beau- 

tifier,  301 
Violatalc,  302 
Violet,  301 
Vogue  Liquid  Complexion, 

208 
Vogue  Poudre  de  Riz,  208 
White  Complexion,  301 
Williams    Violet    Talcum, 

208 
Wistaria  Blossom  Talc,  208 
Toilet    Water,    199,    200,    201, 

297 
To-Kalon  Mfg.   Co.,   Inc.,   185, 

191 
Tokstad,  R.,  266,  276 
Tomatoes,   canned,   66,   67,   70, 

243 
Tongue,  Red  Cross  Brand,  151 
Tonic,  "0.  T.,"  24 
Tooth  Paste,  A.  D.  S.  Peredixo, 
219 
Burrill's,  307 
Colgate's     Ribbon     Dental 

Cream,  220 
Kolynos,  221 
Lavoris,  221 
Luxor,  219 


34^ 


INDEX 


Tooth  Paste,  Oraline,  309 

Pebeco,  221 

Penslar,  308 

Pond's,  308 

Prophytol  Antiseptic,  308 

Pyrodento,  223 

San  Tox,  307 

Sanative,  307 

Sanitol,  223 

Scheffield's,  223 

Sozodont,  220 
Powder,  A.  D.  S.  Peroxide, 
219 

Burrill's,  307 

Calox,  222 

Dentacura,  220 

Grave's  Unequalled,  307 

Lyon's  Perfect,  221 

misleading  claims  for,  216- 
218 

Penslar,  308 

Prophytol,  309 

Kexall,  223 

Royal,  219 
Toothache   Drops,   Pike's  Uni- 
versal, 133 
Tournade's    Kitchen    -Bouquet, 

103 
Towle  Maple  Products  Co.,  172 
Tropical  Fruit  Juice  Co.,  232 
Troubadour      Brand      Canned 

Fruits,  46 
Tryphosa,  112 
Tuna,  Avalon  Brand,  125 

Blue  Sea,  125 
Tuna,  Panama  Brand,  266 
Twitchell-Champlin  Co.,  70 


Tyler,  Byron,  78 

Uiicle  Sam  Breakfast  Food  Co., 

78 
Uncle  Sam  Macaroni  Co.,  253 

Health  Food,  78 
Underwood,  W.  M.  Co.,  152 
Uneeda  Biscuits,  32 
United  Berne  Zurich  Chocolat 

Mfg.  Co.,  39 
United  Cereal  Mills,  Ltd.,  78 

Drug  Co.,  223,  293 
Usoline  Oil,  272 

Vagt,  R.,  172 

Van  Buskirk's  Sozodont  Tooth 

Paste,  220 
Van  Houten  &  Sons  (Holland), 

9 
Van  Camp  Packing  Co.,  60,  70, 

94 
Vanheller,  262 
Van-Ola,  183 
Van-Thomas  Co.,  125 
Vanilla  Extract,  116,  117,  119, 

120,  121,  262,  263 
Vanillin,  definition  of,  114 
Vantine,  A.  A.  &  Co.,  200,  208, 

303 
Vaseline,  132,  133,  268 
Veal   Loaf,   Libby,   McNeill   & 

Libby's,  151 
Vegetable  extract,  Vegex,  62 
Vegex  Bouillon  Cubes,  242 
Vermont  Maple  Sugar  Makers* 

Market,  172 
Vibert,  F.,  191 
Victoria  Tea  Co.,  18 


INDEX 


843 


Vienna  Sugar  Fingers,  31 
Vieno  Bran,  82 
Vieno-Self-Raising  Bran   Meal, 

82 
Vinegar,  Crosse  &  Blackweirs, 
100 
Heinz's,  101 
Marzahl's,  102 
Mohawk  Valley  Cider  Co/s, 

102 
Pinard  Brand,  99 
Wayne  County  Produce  Co/s, 
105 
Vinegars,  adulterants  in,  97 
Vinol,  271 
Viona  Co.,  293 
Vogt,  F.  G.  &  Sons,  279 
Vogue  Perfumery  Co.,  201,  208 

Wadsworth  Chocolate  Co.,  39 
Wafers,  Chocolate,  31 

Educator,  30 

Epic,  31 

Ivins'  Bonnie,  29 

Ivins'  Lunch-on-Thin,  29 

Sunshine  Dessert,  31 

Sunshine  Tan  San,  31 

Surprise,  237 

Wintergreen  Nawaco,  237 

Vanilla,  32 
Wakelee's  Camelline,  180 
Waldeyer  &  Betts,  192 
Warden  Company,  192 
Ward's  Dandru-Cide  Shampoo, 

191 
Washburn-Crosby  Co.,  87,  252 
Washington  Crisps,  78 


Watkins,  R.  L.  Co.,  293 
Watson,  Angus  &  Co.,  125 
Wayne    Coimty    Produce    Co., 

105 
Waw-Waw  Sauce  Co.,  105 
Webster,  Fred  L.,  70 
Weight,  net,  of  canned  goods, 

42 
Welch  Brothers  Maple  Co.,  172 

Grape  Juice  Co.,  25 
Wesson  Snowdrift  Oil,  156 
West  Disinfecting  Co.,  144 
Wheat  Bran,  Sterilized,  251 
Wheat,  cracked,  84,  247 
Wheat  Food,  Ralston,  77 
Wheat,  Shredded,  77 
Wheat-a-Laxa,  252 
Wheatena  Company,  78 
White  Cross  Toilet  Powder  Co., 

296 
White,  John  F.,  70 
White,  S.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co., 

309 
White  Stokes  Co.,  Inc.,  261 
Whitman,   Stephen   F.   &  Son, 

Inc.,  9,  40,  112 
Wilbur,  H.  O.  &  Sons,  40 
Wildroot  Chemical  Co.,  192 
Willamette       Valley       Prune 

Ass'n,  129 
Williams,  J.  B.  Co.,  208,  290, 

298,  303,  306 
Williams,  R.  C.  &  Co.,  70,  125, 

129 
Wincamis,  22 
Windermere  Ranch,  280 
Wintergreen  essence,  117,  120 


344< 


INDEX 


Woodbury's  Facial  Soap,  212 
Woodcock  Macaroni  Co.,  94 
Wool  Heal,  144 
Woolheal  Chemical  Co.,  144 
Worcester  Salt  Co.,  105 
Worcestershire  Sauce,  Anderco, 

254 
Worcestershire      Sauce,      Hol- 

brook's,  101 
Lea  &  Perrins',  101 
Wrinkle  Eradicator,  194 
Wrisley,  Allen  B.  Co.,  201,  208, 

215 


Wulfing,  A.  &  Co.,  131 
Wyeth,  John  &  Bro.,  25 

Yarmouth  Bloaters,  265 
Yeast,  Corby  Brothers',  3 
Fleischmann's,  3 


Zanol  Flavoring  Extracts,  262 
Zinc  Ointment,  268 
Zu-Zu  Ginger  Snaps,  32 
Zwieback,  234 


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